1、精准培优专练2020届高三好教育精准培优专练培优点七 定语从句一、真题在线1.【2019江苏单项选择】We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为“an age”（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。2.【2018江苏单项选择】Self-drivingisanarea_ Chinaandtheres
2、toftheworldareonthesamestarting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个新领域，在这个领域里中国和世界其它国家在同一起跑线上。句中先行词为“area”，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。3.【2019天津单项选择】Their child is at the stage _ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】
3、B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中“she can say individual words but not full sentences”是一个定语从句，先行词是“the stage”，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。4.【2018天津单项选择】Kate, _ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A. whom B. that C. whose D. her【答案】C【解析】这是一个
4、复合句，主句是“Kate has gone to work in Australia”，从句是“_ sister I shared a room with when we were at college”，从句修饰“Kate”，是定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“sister”，故用whose。5.【2018北京单项选择】She and her family bicycle to work, _ helps them keep fit.A. which B. who C. as D. that【答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“ h
5、elps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。6.【2019浙江语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _ gives off light in the dark.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是“cloth”，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。7.【2019全国II语法填空】Now Irene Astbury work
6、s from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _ she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为“the pet shop”，在非限制性定语从句中作“opened”一词的宾语，故用which。8.【2019全国III语法填空】They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】who
7、【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被主人训练的很好，这些主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为“masters”（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。9.【2019全国I改错】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【答案】wherewhen【解析】考查定语从句。本句是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是“one afternoon”，关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以此处应用表示时间的“when”。故将where改为when。10.【2019全国III改错】In t
8、he cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.【答案】whatthat/which【解析】考查定语从句。先行词“environment”在从句中作主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故把what改为that/which。二、对点专练一、单项填空1. I slipped into the professors room quietly, on _ wall there was a big slogan saying “Learn for a S
9、tronger China”.A. whereB. whichC. whoseD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我悄悄地溜进教授的房间，他的墙上挂着一条大标语，上面写着“为一个更强大的中国而学习”。 “on _ wall there was a big slogan saying Learn for a Stronger China.”是一个定语从句，先行词是“the professors room”，关系词在从句中作定语，故选C。2. Im very grateful to my high school teachers, without _help I wouldnt b
10、e so excellent.A. theirB. whomC. whoseD. which【答案】C【解析】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：我非常感谢我的高中老师，没有他们的帮助，我不会这么优秀。“without _help I wouldnt be so excellent.”是一个定语从句，先行词是“my high school teachers”，关系词在从句中作定语，故选C。3. The people in Syria have been looking forward to the day _ the conflict will end.A. whenB. whichC.
11、whereD. that【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：叙利亚人民一直期待着冲突结束的那一天。此处为定语从句，先行词为“the day”，从句中缺少时间状语，故A项正确。4. When did you get to know your girlfriend? It was in 2015 _ she was working as a volunteer in Africa.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. then【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意：你什么时候认识你女朋友的？是在2015年她到非洲做志愿者的时候认识的。本句为定语从句修饰先行词“2015”，且先行词
12、在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选C。5. Its strongly advised that smokers not be allowed to smoke in any room _ babies currently occupy.A. whereB. whoseC. thatD. as【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：强烈建议不允许吸烟者在婴儿目前占用的任何房间吸烟。“_ babies currently occupy.”是一个定语从句，先行词是“any room”，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，故选C。6. As is expected, AI is an area _
13、China may appear as a leading force.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如所预料的那样，人工智能是一个中国可能成为领先者的领域。本题定语从句的先行词是“an area”，定语从句“China may appear as a leading force”的结构很完整，应该使用关系副词引导，排除AC项；关系副词“when”指代的先行词通常指时间，本句中“an area”指“领域”，表示抽象含义，所以使用关系副词“where”表示“在领域”的抽象含义。故B项正确。7. He wrote a lette
14、r _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他写了一封信。在信里，他解释了事故中发生的一切。分析句子结构可知，“_ he explained what had happened in the accident”是定语从句，修饰“a letter”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。C选项正确。8. Many teachers like surfing the Internet, _ they may find a
15、lot of useful videos about teaching.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. that【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多老师喜欢上网，在网上他们可能会发现很多有用的教学视频。这是个定语从句，先行词是“the Internet”，表地点，从句缺少状语，因此可以判定使用“where”引导，故选B。9. We all Chinese people are called on to learn from Lei Feng, _ we think set a good example to all of us.A. whoseB. whoC. tha
16、tD. whom【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们所有的中国人都应该向雷锋学习，我们认为他为我们树立了一个好榜样。这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Lei Feng”，表人，关系词在从句中作主语，因此只能用“who”，故选B。10. A scientists attempt to produce the worlds first gene-edited babies _ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.A. asB. whoC. whomD. whose【答案】B【解析】考查定语从
17、句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对HIV有免疫力的基因编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。定语从句的先行词为“babies”，且从句缺少主语，故用关系代词“who”引导从句。故选B。11. A good government is not to pick technologies, but to establish conditions _ innovation is supported and encouraged into the marketplace.A. whenB. thatC. asD. where【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一个好的政府不是挑选技术，而是
18、建立一个支持和鼓励创新进入市场的条件。句中包含定语从句，先行词是“conditions”指物，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词“where”引导，故选D。12. On the Double Ninth Festival, many old people will get together, talking about the people and the things _ they came across many years ago.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. that【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在重阳节，很多老人会聚在一起，谈论多年前他们遇见的人和事。“_
19、they came across many years ago”是定语从句，修饰“the people and the things”，先行词即有人又有物，引导词在从句中做“come across”的宾语，故用关系代词“that”引导该从句。D选项正确。13. They overcame some difficulties and completed the work ahead of time, _ was something we had not expected.A. thatB. whichC. itD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们克服了一些困难，提前完成了工作
20、，这是我们没有预料到的。此句的先行词为前面的整个句子，指“他们克服了一些困难，提前完成了工作”这件事，从句缺少主语，指物，应该用which。故选B。14. We climbed up to the top of a hill, _ we got a good view of the whole forest park.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. that【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们爬上了山顶，在那里我们可以看到整个森林公园的美景。此处“the top of a hill”是先行词，指地点，后面的非限制性定语从句不缺主谓宾语，缺一个地点状语，故选B。15.
21、It rained this morning, _ actually didnt bother me because I like walking in the rain.A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：今天早上下雨了，这实际上没有对我造成什么影响，因为我喜欢在雨中散步。此处是整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故用“which”作关系词，故答案为D。二、单句改错1. The doctor was very impolite to the patient, _of course, made things even
22、 worse.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。非限定性定语从句中，指代前面的一件事，用关系代词“which”引导。句意：医生对病人很不礼貌，当然这使情况更糟。故填which。2. He got himself into a dangerous situation _he was likely to lose control over the plane.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句中先行词为“situation”，在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词。句意：他使自己陷入危险的境地，很可能失去对飞机的控制。故填where。3. The science of medicine
23、, in_ progress has been very rapid, is perhaps the most important of all the science.【答案】which【解析】查定语从句。句中先行词为“The science of medicine”，在定语从句中作介词“in”的宾语，故用关系代词“which”。句意：在所有科学中，进步非常迅速的医学也许是最重要的。故填which。4. Many westerners _ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize ho
24、w cheap it can be to eat out.【答案】who/that【解析】考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是“westerners”指人，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。5. And the best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement, _ means youll just keep getting better and better.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。通过分析句子结构可知，“_ means youll ” 空白
25、处所填的词指代逗号前的“theres enough room for improvement”，代指前面整句的内容，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语，故填which。6. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意
26、：这篇评论的两个作者在2014年出版了一份研究报告，它表明每天仅仅5-10分钟的跑步可以降低心脏病和各种原因造成早死的风险。空格处为关系代词，作定语从句的主语，先行词为“a study (published in 2014)”。故填that/which。7. Around me in the picture are the things _ were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。“the things ”后面句子是定语从句，修饰“the things”，需用作主语的关系代词引导。故填which或that。8. But Sarah, _ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是Sarah已经和顶尖模特参加了一些表演，想去证明她不仅仅有美貌而且有智力。从句子结构上看，空格处应该缺作主语的一个非限制性定语从句引导词，由先行词“Sarah”可知，用“who”。故填who。8