1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题17 任务型阅读考点3 完成句子或表格Passage 1（2019 成都）In 30 years from now, what will we eat? Will the food still be the same as it is now?The United Nations says that there will be over 9 billion people in the world by 2050. Our food needs will grow by 70%. What we eat now may not be enough for hum
2、ans in the future. That is to say, well have to turn to something else. But what else can we eat? Here are a few possible choices.Veggie (Vegetable) meatA new kind of hamburger is now popular in the US. It looks the same as any other hamburger, and so is the taste. But its actually a “beef” burger m
3、ade out of plants. The company behind the burger, Impossible Foods, uses peas and potatoes to make the “beef”. They take coloring, protein (蛋白质) and fats from these plants and mix them together.Making meat out of plants uses less water and land than raising animals for meat. It also creates fewer gr
4、een house gases. Some food companies are making chicken, pork and other meat out of plants, too-follow the same steps as making the “beef”.InsectsInsects take up little space and dont make much waste. They also have more protein than beef, chicken and pork. This makes insects another possible food o
5、f the future.Its common for people in some places to eat whole insects. But most people probably wont want to see the insects they eat. So in the future, people will first turn insects used for food into powder (粉末). Then they can use the powder to make other foods like chips, protein bars, biscuits
6、 and so on.AlgaeThe BBC says algae farming could become the worlds biggest farming industry in the future. They point out that algae is cheap and grows very quickly. Also, its very nutritious (有营养的). It has much more protein and oil than many other plants.Besides eating algae as a dish on its own, p
7、eople may also use algae oil and algae butter in the future. Some algae has a strong taste. The UK scientists are trying to use algae to take the place of salt.Reason:Traditional food may not 1 of people in the future because of the rising population.Result predictions:Humans will have enough food.F
8、uture food is good for both 2.Veggie meatInsectsAlgaeAdvantageshas the same looks and tastes as any other 3 uses less water and land than raising animalscreates fewer green house gasestake up little spacemake less wastehave more proteincheap and grows quicklyrich in protein and oil for humansused to
9、 get oil from and make butterpossible to take the place of salt because of its 4Producing processes1st: take coloring, protein and fats from plants2nd: mix coloring, protein and fats together1st: turn insects used for food into powder-to avoid making people feel 5 and 6 when eating2nd: use the powde
10、r to make other foods【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇科普文，对30年后人们的食物进行了描述，主要有蔬菜肉、昆虫和藻类，简单易做，不仅绿色环保而且营养健康，能够保证人类将有足够的食物。1satisfy / meet the needs 【解析】题意：由于人口的增长，传统食品可能无法满足人们的需求。考查句意理解。本句缺谓语动词，情态动词may后接原形动词，not表否定；根据What we eat now may not be enough for humans in the future.可知be enough相当于satisfy(满足要求、需要等)，故填satisfy
11、/ meet the needs。2environment and health 【解析】题意：未来的食物对环境和健康都有好处。考查细节推断。be good for有益于；根据It also creates fewer greenhouse gases.可知利于环保；根据Also, its very nutritious (有营养的). It has much more protein and oil than many other plants.可知利于健康；bothand两者都，故填environment and health。3meat 【解析】题意：和其他肉类一样的外表和味道。考查细节
12、理解。any other任何其他的，后接单数名词或不可数名词；根据It looks the same as any other hamburger, and so is the taste. But its actually a “beef” burger made out of plants.和Some food companies are making chicken, pork and other meat out of plants, too-follow the same steps as making the “beef”.可知，这是一种新型的蔬菜肉（Veggie (Vegetab
13、le) meat），故填meat。4strong taste 【解析】题意：因为它的味道很重，所以有可能代替盐。考查句意理解。根据Some algae has a strong taste. The UK scientists are trying to use algae to take the place of salt.可知填strong taste。5sick / terrible 【解析】题意：把食物中的昆虫变成粉末以避免人们吃东西时感到恶心和害怕。考查细节判断。根据But most people probably wont want to see the insects they
14、eat.结合生活经验，可知食用整只昆虫会让人恶心或害怕，故填sick / terrible。6scared / frightened 【解析】题意：把食物中的昆虫变成粉末以避免人们吃东西时感到恶心和害怕。考查细节判断。and表并列，连接两个并列的形容词；根据But most people probably wont want to see the insects they eat.结合生活经验，可知食用整只昆虫会让人恶心或害怕，故填scared / frightened。Passage 2（2019 江苏省南京市）Though times have changed, falling aslee
15、p in class is still a common occurrence (常事) among teenagers.Why do students sometimes fall asleep in class? An obvious reason is lack of sleep. However, there are also causes for getting too little sleep. However, there are also causes for getting too little sleep. Homework is a daily occurrence fo
16、r most students, one that can take three to four hours per night. A teenager who wants to be able to take part in any activity besides homework must stay up late to fit everything in. Club activities, sports, computer-game playing, and TV viewing, for example, all contribute to (促成) teens having les
17、s time for both homework and sleep. Sometimes teens lack sleep because of after-school jobs that are taken on to earn extra money for college, family expenses, or simply for clothes. Physical problems are another factor that can cause students to fall asleep in class. For example, insomnia, which ma
18、y keep a student up at night, causing exhaustion (疲惫不堪) during class hours, is a serious problem that may require medical attention. Medical evidence also supports the idea that each person has a body clock that helps to decide his or her sleep pattern. Unluckily, these body clocks do not always wor
19、k according to school timetables.The effects of falling asleep in class can be quite serious. First of all, sleeping in class is not a good way to endear (使受喜爱) yourself to teachers. In addition, it is highly possible that other students may make jokes about those who sleep in class. However, the mo
20、st harmful effects of sleeping in class is missing out on important points. In the long run, sleepers may end up failing classes.Since teens are probably not going to deal with the problem, falling asleep in class will probably remain an all-too-common occurrence. It will continue until more teens f
21、ind a way to balance their personal and social lives with school and work, while still finding enough time to sleep.IntroductionTimes have changed, 42 falling asleep in class is still quite common.CausesLack of sleep To 43 doing their homework, students may have to work three to four hours every nig
22、ht. To 44 homework with activities, students may stay up late. To spare time for after-school jobs, students may not have 45 time to sleep.Physical problems Insomnia may 46 students falling asleep at night. Students body clocks do not always 47 their school timetables.Effects Students sleeping in cl
23、ass may not be 48 by their teachers. Students who sleep in class run the 49 of being laughed at. Students who sleep too much in class may miss out on important knowledge and 50 in their study.ConclusionThe problem will not be 51 until teenagers can manage their lives, deal with their school and work
24、, and then still have time to sleep.【答案与解析】【文章大意】文章介绍了上课睡觉的原因，可能是因为睡眠不足，课下有作业和一些要参加的活动，不可能有充足的睡眠，还有一个原因就是失眠，有的孩子的生物钟和上课时间不一致，这需要药物的帮助，上课睡觉不仅让老师不喜欢，听课也以失败而告终。上课睡觉仍然是一个常见的事情，直到青少年找到一个平衡他们自己和社会工作的方法，有了足够的时间睡觉。42but 【解析】根据Though times have changed, falling asleep in class is still a common occurrence (常
25、事) among teenagers.可知是但是上课睡觉想当普通；故填but。43finish 【解析】根据Homework is a daily occurrence for most students, one that can take three to four hours per night.可知是为了完成作业；故填finish。44balance 【解析】根据A teenager who wants to be able to take part in any activity besides homework must stay up late to fit everything
26、 in.可知是为平衡有活动的作业；故填balance。45enough 【解析】Sometimes teens lack sleep because of after-school jobs可知是没有足够的时间睡觉；故填enough。46stop/prevent 【解析】根据insomnia, which may keep a student up at night可知是失眠阻止学生晚上睡觉，stop/prevent sb doing sth阻止某人做某事；故填stop/prevent。47match 【解析】根据Unluckily, these body clocks do not alwa
27、ys work according to school timetables.可知是学生的生物钟和学校的时间表不匹配；故填match。48liked/loved 【解析】根据sleeping in class is not a good way to endear (使受喜爱) yourself to teachers.可知上课睡觉不被老师喜欢，被动语态be+过去分词；故填liked/loved 。49risk/possibility 【解析】根据In addition, it is highly possible that other students may make jokes abou
28、t those who sleep in class.可知上课睡觉的学生有被嘲笑的风险或可能性；故填risk/possibility。50fail 【解析】根据In the long run, sleepers may end up failing classes.可知在学习上不及格；故填fail。51solved 【解析】根据Since teens are probably not going to deal with the problem, falling asleep in class will probably remain an all-too-common occurrence.
29、 It will continue until more teens find a way to balance their personal and social lives with school and work, while still finding enough time to sleep.可知直到青少年能掌控他们的生活，处理学习和工作，有足够的时间睡觉，问题才能解决，根据句子结构可知用被动语态；故填solved。Passage 3（2019 湖南省益阳市）Soccer is much loved by people all over the world. Nowadays, ou
30、r country is taking action to get soccer games to enter schools.For the activity Soccer Enters School, different people have different opinions. Some people think this activity is good for students. It helps them become better and stronger. It not only can help students improve their psychological q
31、uality(心理素质) but also can develop the spirit of team work. Especially for some students. they may have a chance to become professional soccer players and play an important part in Chinas soccer field.Other people think this activity will take up plenty of time of students and get in the way of their
32、 study. Sometimes its dangerous because they may get hurt while playing soccer. Whats more, its hard to become a professional soccer player.Each coin has two sides. What about your idea?Soccer Enters SchoolOur country 67 to get soccer games to enter schools.Different opinionsProsBecome better and st
33、ronger.68 psychological quality.Develop the 69 of teamwork.Help to become professional soccer players.ConsTake up 70 time of students.Be 71 because they may get hurt.Be hard to become professional soccer players.【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文是议论文。介绍了对于足球进校园这一问题的不同看法。67is taking action 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段Nowadays, our
34、country is taking action to get soccer games to enter schools.可知，我们的国家在采取让足球进校园的行动，故填is taking action。68Improve 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第4句It not only can help students improve their psychological quality(心理素质)but also can develop the spirit of team work. 可知，正方观点认为足球有助于改善身体素质，故填improve。69spirit 【解析】细节理解题。根据第
35、二段的Itbut also can develop the spirit of team work. 可知，足球还能培养合作精神，故填spirit。70plenty of 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第1句Other people think this activity will take up plenty of time of students可知，反对者认为足球占据学生大量学习时间，故填plenty of。71dangerous 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第2句Sometimes its dangerous because they may get hurt while playi
36、ng soccer.可知，反对者认为踢球时，学生可能受伤，所以 觉得是危险的，故填dangerous。Passage 4（2019 湘西州）Mo Yan，Nobel Prize winner in literature（文学）in 2012，believes his success comes from a large amount of reading.Mo was born into a farming family in a village in Shandong Province. Mo left school at the age of 12 and started to work
37、in the fields. Mo was tired after his daily hard work，but he was always hungry for books. However，there were very few books in the village，he never gave up. He read his elder brothers textbooks and even dictionaries. He helped others with farm work in exchange for books.After Mo left his hometown an
38、d joined the army in 1976，he began to read widely，including works by Lu Xun and many other famous writers. He studied from these writers but did not copy them. Instead，he developed his own style.Mo Yan, the first Chinese Nobel Prize (1)_ in literatureThe process of Mo Yans growthHe was born in a vil
39、lage and his parents are both (2) _.After leaving school at the age of 12, he was always (3) _ books.In the army, he read works such as Lu Xuns and other famous writers to develop his own (4) _.In 2012, he won the Nobel Prize for literature. His success comes from a large amount of (5) _.【答案与解析】【文章大
40、意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国第一位诺贝尔文学奖的获得者莫言，还介绍了莫言一生中一些成就：出生地、辍学、在军队努力学习、获得奖项等.1. winner 【解析】考查细节理解题.根据Mo Yan，Nobel Prize winner in literature（文学）in 2012”，可知莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的人，Nobel Prize winner 诺贝尔奖获得者，故填：winner.2. farmers 【解析】考查同义句转换。根据“Mo was born into a farming family in a village in Shandong Province”，可知
41、莫言是出生在一个农民家庭里，所以他的父母都是农民，parents是复数，所以农民也用复数，故填：farmers。3. hungry for 【解析】考查细节列解题。根据but he was always hungry for books.“可知莫言一直对书籍很饥渴，be hungry for sth.对.很饥渴，故填：hungry for。4. style 【解析】考查细节理解题。根据”he developed his own style.，可知莫言的书是有自己的风格的，故填：style。5. reading 【解析】考查细节理解题。根据”believes his success comes
42、from a large amount of reading.“可知莫言的成功和他大量阅读书籍是离不开的，故填：reading。Passage 5（2019 扬州）阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格.Nowadays，many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in being on time. However，in some countries of the world，people have different opinions on being on time. G
43、ermany Thanks to its industrial past，in Germany you are expected to arrive at least ten minutes earlier for any planned meeting.In Germany，being on time is risky enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting，wondering how on earth you could be so stupid. What will you do if anythi
44、ng unexpected happens，like heavy traffic or a sudden rain？So remember to arrive early in Germany.Saudi Arabia Some countries care little about time and Saudi Arabia is one of them. Its because of their long history of desert living where time is not the first thing to think about. It could be that i
45、ts too hot to do anything on time. So dont expect them to be on time. Moreover，looking at your watch during an event is even considered as bad manners. So dont get angry with them，either.Ghana Most meeting times can be changed，even if an exact time is given，Ghanaians are very relaxed and easygoing.
46、They think that if everyone is late，then no one is late. After all，what cant be done today can get done tomorrow. If you find it difficult to deal with，prepare to be unhappy. Otherwise，sit back enjoy the ride.Russia Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture but being on time
47、 is not. When doing business in Russia，do be on time. Otherwise，it will be considered disrespectful. But Russians wont hold themselves to the same standard. So，again，patience can be key.How differently people (1)_ being on time in different countries(2) _Different opinions on being on timeChina and JapanBoth Chinese and Japanese think it (3) _ to be on time.Germanyl (4) _ expect you to arrive early for any planned meeting because of the influence of their industrial past.l You are thought to be stupid (5) _ you arrive at least ten minutes earlier.Saudi Arabial Time is not the (6) _