1、2019年中考真题英语分项汇编专题19 短文填空考点2选词填空Passage 1（2019 湖南省郴州市）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺（每空一词, 每词限用一次）。but program over work travel comfortable nurse place with sheDiana is Australian. She once_46_in a big company. She lived with her friend in a _47_ apartment and drove to work. She travelled to many_48_,
2、 but she seldom took the plane. She was afraid of flying.One day, Diana saw a TV _49_about ORBIS. She learnt about the Flying Eye Hospital. She wanted to help poor people_50_eye problems, so she made up her mind to train as a_51_ and attended courses after work.Diana is working for ORBIS now. She ha
3、s to travel _52_300 days a year. She is getting used to_53_by planeDiana enjoys _54_work. She is glad to be able to help people see again. She does not have as much money as before,_55_she thinks her life is more meaningful.【答案与解析】【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述来Diana是澳大利亚人，曾在一个大公司里工作，她害怕乘坐飞机，一次她看到一个关于ORBIS的电视节目，决定去
4、帮助那些眼睛有问题的贫穷的人，她成为一名护士，现在习惯乘飞机了。46. worked 句意：她曾经在一个大公司里工作。根据下文She lived with her friend in a _47_ apartment and drove to work.可知上文是在一个大公司工作。这里用一般过去时态，work的过去式是worked。根据句意，故填worked。47. comfortable 句意：她和朋友住在一个舒适的公寓里，开车去上班。根据下文and drove to work.可知上文是说住在一个舒适的公寓里。comfortable的意思是“舒适的”，根据句意，故填comfortable。
5、48. places 句意：她去过许多地方，但很少乘飞机。根据下文but she seldom took the plane. She was afraid of flying.可知上文是说去过许多地方。many+名词复数。根据题意，故填places。49. program 句意：一天，Diana看了一个关于奥比斯的电视节目。根据about ORBIS可知这里是一个电视节目。program的意思是“节目”。根据句意，故填program。50. with 句意：她想帮助有视力问题的穷人。根据文中eye problems可知这里说带有视力问题的人们。with带有，具有。根据句意，故填with。51
6、. nurse 句意：所以她决定接受护士培训，下班后参加课程。根据上文She wanted to help poor people_50_eye problems, so she made up her mind to train as可知上文是说作为一名护士。根据句意，故填nurse。52. over 句意：她每年要出差300多天。根据下文She is getting used to_53_by plane可知上文是说一年300多天去旅行。根据句意，故填over。53. travelling 句意：她习惯乘飞机旅行了。短语get used to doing sth.表示习惯做某事。trave
7、l意思是“旅行”根据句意，故填travelling。54. her 句意：Diana习惯她的工作。根据work.可知上文是形容词性物主代词，she的物主代词是her。根据句意，故填her。55. but 句意：她没有以前那么多钱，但她认为她的生活更有意义。根据下文she thinks her life is more meaningful.可知上文是表示转折关系。根据句意，故填but。Passage 2（2019 广西百色市）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整每个单词只能用一次（共1小题，每小题5分，满分5分）Popular man during think also
8、The Dragon Boat Festival， also called the Duanwu Festival， is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month in Chinese calendar People often eat zongzi and row dragon boats（1） the festivalThousands of years ago， people began to throw rice into the Miluo River to feed Qu Yuan on May 5th every year，
9、because he died in the Miluo River They（2） he was still alive in the riverNow，in order to remember the honest man， people in China often make zongziThis kind of food is very delicious and very （3） Men and women，young and old all like eating zongzi very muchThe festival is （4） best known for its drag
10、on boat races During the festival， people often race dragon boats in many places， especially in the south of China where there are many rivers and lakes The dragon boat is about 50100 feet long， 5 feet wide There are more than 20 strong （5） on the boat They sit in the boat side by side At the head o
11、f the boat， there is a big drum on it The drummer plays the drum during the race【答案与解析】1during 考查介词。根据语境人们在节日期间经常吃粽子和划龙舟，考虑选择介词during，意为在期间，故答案为 during。2thought 考查动词。根据语境他们以为他还在河里活着。，考虑选择动词think，意为觉得，因此处是讲过去的故事，推断此处填过去式形式，故答案为 thought。3popular 考查形容词。根据语境这种食物很好吃，很受欢迎，考虑选择形容词popular，意为受欢迎的，故答案为 popula
12、r。4also 考查副词。根据语境这个节日也以龙舟比赛而闻名，考虑选择副词also，意为也，故答案为also。5men 考查名词。根据语境船上有20多个强壮的人，考虑选择名词man，意为男人，由空前的数词20推断此处填复数形式，故答案为 men。Passage 3（2019 陕西省）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。）（共10小题，计10分）meter，stop，one，can，take，wait，your，sell，slow，wifeIt was nine on a cold winter night. I hurried to go ho
13、me from work on my motorbike.At the last crossing，while I was 61. for the green light，I saw an old man walking toward me. He 62 me and I felt a little nervous. The old man said 63. “Excuse me. Could you please help me?” I looked at him up and down. He looked about 70 years old.The old man took out a
14、 10-yuan bill and said to me，You see the old lady over there? She is selling baked（烤）sweet potatoes. Could you just 64. .the money and buy one from her? He pointed at an old lady selling something about fifty 65. away in the corner.“But why dont you go and buy it 66. ?” I was puzzles（迷惑的）.The old ma
15、n continued. That old lady is my wife and its her 67. . day to sell baked sweet potatoes. Just now I called her. She told me that there was only one sweet potato left and she wouldnt go home until all the sweet potatoes were 68. .But I know she cant stand the cold because her legs hurt. Im very worr
16、ied about her.At that time，I understood why the old man asked me to buy his 69. sweet potato. I felt really warm and moved. Without taking the money，I rode to the old lady quickly and bought the last one. As I waved goodbye to the old man. I 70. see him standing there with a thankful smile.【答案与解析】61
17、. waiting62. stopped63. slowly64. take65. meters66. yourself67. first68. sold69. wifes70. couldPassage 4（2019 四川凉山州）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词限用一次。deep thank give one or be whole until work peopleLei Feng Spirit Carrying on “It is not hard to do one good deed, but it is
18、hard to do good deeds all your life.” Chairman Mao 81 said. And he called on people to learn from him. Do you know who the man is? He is Lei Feng.Lei Feng was born in a poor family in a little mountain village of Hunan Province, on December 18th, 1940. He didnt go to school 82 he was 10 years old. A
19、t the age of 18, he became a steel 83 . He was often praised for his good job. On January 8th, 1960, he joined the army and several months later, he joined the Communist Party. He loved the Party and the people, and kept doing something good for others. When he got 84 , he always said, “Its my duty
20、and its just that some people need some help, there should be someone standing out 85 them a hand.” He became a model soldier one year later. To our sadness, Lei Feng died in an accident in 1962.March 5th 86 a “Learn from Lei Feng Day” since 1963. When Lei Fengs Diary came out, People began to know
21、more about him than before. Now the term “Living LeiFeng” has become a name for anyone who is brave, anyone who has 87 love for his country, anyone who works hard, 88 anyone who is always ready to help others.Lei Fengs spirit will live in 89 hearts. Lei Fengs spirit will be remembered by the 90 nati
22、on forever. And we will surely practice his spirit in life as he did.【答案与解析】【文章大意】本文介绍了雷锋精神的由来，倡导人们向雷锋同志学习，做一个对祖国和人民有用的人1 once 考查副词。根据语境毛主席曾经说过，考虑选择副词once，意为曾经，故答案为 once。2until 考查连词。根据语境他直到10岁才上学，考虑选择词until，构成not.until.句型，意为直到才，故答案为 until。3worker 考查名词。根据语境18岁时，他成为了一名钢铁工人，考虑选择动词work，由空前的冠词a推断此处填名词形式w
23、orker，意为工人，故答案为 worker。4thanks 考查名词。根据语境当他得到谢谢时，他总是说，考虑选择名词thank，意为感谢，此处填的是复数形式，故答案为 thanks。5to give 考查动词。根据语境应该有人站出来给予帮助，考虑选择动词 give，构成短语give sb a hand，意为帮助某人，因此处属于动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为 to give。6has been 考查动词。根据语境3月5日自1963年以来就成为学雷锋日，考虑选择be动词，由since 1963推断此处填现在完成时形式，故答案为 has been。7deep 考查形容词。根据语境现在，活雷锋这个词
24、已经成为任何勇敢的人，任何为国家奋斗的人的代名词，考虑选择形容词deep，意为深深的，故答案为 deep。8or 考查连词。根据语境努力工作的人，或总是乐于助人的人，考虑选择词or，意为或者，故答案为 or。9our 考查代词。根据语境雷锋的精神将活在我们心中，考虑选择代词our，意为我们的，故答案为 our。10whole 考查形容词。根据语境雷锋精神将永远被全民族铭记，考虑选择词whole，意为整个的，故答案为 whole。Passage 5（2019 新疆维吾尔自治区新疆生产建设兵团）根据短文内容，用方框中的单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整与正确。weighthungrywastestea
25、tseewellgoingcarefullyallWill it matter if you dont take your breakfast? A short time ago, a test 86 given in some places. People of different agesfrom 12 to 83 were asked to have a87 . During the test, these people were given 88 kinds of breakfast, and some got no breakfast at all. Scientists wante
26、d to 89 how well their bodies worked when they had different kinds of breakfasts. The results show that if a person 90 a right breakfast, he or she will work 91 than if he or she has no breakfast. If a student has fruit, egg, bread and milk before 92 to school, he will learn more quickly and listen
27、more 93 in class. The result is opposite to what some people think. Having no breakfast will not help you lose weight. This is because people become so 94 at noon that they eat too much for lunch. They will gain weight instead of losing 95 .【答案与解析】86. was 句意：不久之前，在美国做了一项测试。 A test 和谓语是被动关系，时间状语是 A s
28、hort time ago，所以是一般过去式的被动语态。87. test 句意：从 12 到 83 不同年龄的人都被要求做测试。have a test 做测试。88. all 句意：句意：测试期间，给这些人各种早饭。all kinds of 各种各样的。89. see 句意：科学家们想看看他们吃不同种类的早餐时身体状况如何。want to do sth.根据句意可知，这里选 see。90. eats 句意：结果显示，如果一个人吃正确的早餐，他或她将工作比没有吃早餐的人好。根据句意可知，又因为主语是单数，所以这里填 eats。91. better 如果一个人吃正确的早餐，他或她将工作比没有吃早餐
29、的人好。由 than可知，这里填比较级，又根据句意，这里填 better。92. going 如果一个学生上学前吃了水果、鸡蛋，他会学得更快，听得更认真。 由句意可知，还因 before 是介词，所以填 going。93. carefully 句意：如果一个学生上学前吃了水果、鸡蛋、，他会学得更快，听得更认真。Listen 是动词，副词修饰动词，所以填 carefully。94. hungry 句意：这是因为人们中午太饿了以至于会吃更多的午饭。So +adj.+that+句子 如此以至于，由句意可知这里选 hungry。95. weight 句意：人们体重只会增加，不会减少。 由句意可知，lo
30、se weight，减肥。Passage 6（2019 山东德州市）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时透行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词 many， two， it， zoo， because， what， only， China， besides， national， historyWith its black-white coat, the animal is one of the most precious（珍贵的）animals in the world. It is native to China, proudly called t
31、he _26_treasure._27_name is Panda. The name of Panda now refers to（指的是） the giant panda.In China，_28_the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, the giant panda also attracts the world wide tourists.As the most famous animal of _29_the giant panda appears in the logo（ 标志） of the World Wildlife Fund for
32、Nature（WWF）. It also has_30_chances than other animals to be the mascot （吉祥物）of international games held in China. And it shows up as an actor on the big screen, such as Kung FuPanda.The giant panda is regarded as the symbol of peace. In Japanese _31_records. the Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears
33、and seventy pieces of fur as national gifts to Japan. The _32_bears were giant pandas.One female panda usually has _33_one baby, and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway. If you want to see them, youd better go to Chengdu. Why？_34_the main breeding（繁育）centers were built around this ar
34、ea, Certainly some city_35_also have giant pandas, such as Beijing Zoo. Chongqing Zoo, etc.The giant pandas are so lovely creatures（生物）. More and more people become fans of them.【答案与解析】【文章大意】短文介绍了中国的国宝大熊猫。像长城和兵马俑一样，大熊猫也吸引了全世界的游客前来参观。熊猫被认为是和平的象征，也成为了在中国举行的国际赛事的吉祥物，如2008年北京奥运会吉祥物。大熊猫是世界野生动物基金会（WWF）的标志
35、中最著名的动物。越来越多的人成为它们的粉丝。26. national 句意：它原产于中国，被誉为“国宝”。考查形容词，treasure为名词，前用形容词修饰，结合语境，它是中国本土的，被骄傲地称为国宝，故答案为national“国家的”。27. Its 句意：它 名字叫熊猫。考查形容词性物主代词，name前用形容词物主代词，表示“的”，前文中提及的the animal 动物，因此本句句意为它的名字是熊猫。故答案为Its。28. besides 句意：在中国，除了长城和兵马俑，大熊猫也吸引了世界各地的游客。考查介词，结合语境，此处是表达“除了，还有”，故答案为besides。29. China
36、句意：作为中国最著名的动物，大熊猫出现在世界自然基金会（WWF）的标志中。考查名词，of后用名词，表示“的”，大熊猫是中国的国宝，故答案为China。30. more 句意：在中国举行的国际运动会上，成为吉祥物的可能性也比其他动物都大。考查形容词的比较级，根据than判断要用比较级形式，结合上句，As the most famous animal of China the giant panda appears in the logo（ 标志） of the World Wildlife Fund for Nature（WWF）. 作为中国最著名的动物，大熊猫出现在世界自然基金会的标志里。判断
37、本句句意为“它也比其他动物有更多的机会成为中国国际比赛的吉祥物”。故答案为more。31. history 句意：在日本历史记载中，唐朝送给日本一对熊和七十张毛皮作为国礼。考查名词，结合语境，“唐朝时期中国送给日本一对熊和70张皮毛作为礼物”，一定是出现在历史记载中，故答案为history。32. two 句意：这两只熊就是大熊猫。考查基数词，根据上文“the Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears and seventy pieces of fur as national gifts to Japan.”唐朝时期中国送给日本一对熊和70张皮毛作为礼物。a co
38、uple of一对，即两个，故答案为two。33. only 句意：一只雌性熊猫通常只生一个宝宝。考查副词，根据后面句子“and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway.”而且野生熊猫很难有双胞胎。因此一只雌性熊猫通常只生一个宝宝。故答案为only。34. Because 句意：因为主要的养殖中心都建在这一带。考查连词，结合上文Why？为什么，常用because后跟一个句子来回答，表示原因。故答案为Because。35. zoos 句意：当然，一些城市动物园也有大熊猫，如北京动物园、重庆动物园等。考查可数名词复数，根据下句such
39、 as Beijing Zoo比如北京动物园，zoo为可数名词，在这里 复数，故答案为zoos。Passage 7（2019 山东德州市）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处attend， return， set， wake， know， educate， eat， sleep， not do， study， askParents are the first teachers of their children. Many people in Beijing return to school o
40、nly because they have become parents.Ding Rong, a teacher from the Fourth Middle School of Beijing, said. Many parents either love their children too much or behave badly to them. They_36_little about home education and thus make mistakes, Because of this situation, parents schools are badly needed.
41、I _37_to school next month， and it will help me treat my children in a better way, said Xiao Cheng jun , a 40yearold woman worker. I decided to do it when I_38_the question. Do you really know your child?One pupil complained in a composition that his father always left so much smoke in the living ro
42、om that he_39_his homework there Another wrote that his father often played mahjong（打麻将） at night while he_40_The noise always_41_him up.Its the fathers fault not to educate his son himself, is an old saying.” But it is also the fathers fault if he _42_his son a bad example, said Zhen Yan.A parent s
43、aid, I_43_in the parents school for one year. After_44_the school, I know more about my child and she also understands me more.Do you think your parents know how_45_you properly? Do you want them to enter parents schools?【答案与解析】【文章大意】父母是孩子的第一位老师，家庭教育非常重要。本文介绍了为了更好的了解并教育他们的孩子，现在许多家长去家长学校学习。36. know 句
44、意：他们对家庭教育知之甚少，因而犯了错误。结合语境可知此处表示“他们对家庭教育了解甚少”，know“了解”，动词，描述一般现状用一般现在时，主语they是第三人称复数，谓语动词用原形，故答案填know。37. will return 句意：我下个月就要回学校了，这将有助于我更好地对待我的孩子。return to school返回学校，根据next month可知时态是一般将来时，故答案填will return。38. was asked 句意：当我被问到这个问题时，我决定这么做。ask “问”，动词，主语与ask之间是被动关系，句子使用被动语态，结合decided可知时态是一般过去时，主语是第
45、一人称单数，be动词用was，故答案填was asked。39. couldnt do 句意：一个学生在一篇作文中抱怨说，他的父亲总是在客厅里留着那么多烟雾，以致他不能在那里做家庭作业。结合“客厅里有太多烟雾”可知此处表示“他没法在那里做作业”；not do 不能做，其中not是否定副词，do是动词原形，表示做；can 能够，情态动词，时态是一般过去时，此处使用could，它的否定形式是couldnt，后面接动词原形do，故答案填couldnt do。40. was sleeping 句意：另一个人写道，他父亲经常在晚上睡觉的时候打麻将，这声音总是把他吵醒。sleep 睡觉，动词；这是whil
46、e引导的时间状语从句，表示主从句动作同时发生，主句是一般过去时，从句用过去进行时，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用was，故答案填was sleeping。41. woke 句意：另一人写道，他父亲经常在晚上睡觉的时候打麻将，这声音总是把他吵醒。wake 醒，动词；up 吵醒某人，此处时态是一般过去时，使用它的过去式，故答案填woke。42. sets 句意：但如果他给儿子树立了一个坏榜样，那也是父亲的错。结合语境可知此处表示“但如果他爸爸给他建立不好的榜样，这也是他爸爸的错”，set 建立，动词；根据it is可知if引导的从句时态为一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案填sets。43. have studied 句意：我在家长学校里学习了一年。此句缺少谓语动词，study 学习，动词，根据for one year可知时态是现在完成时，主语I是第一人称单数，使用have + studied即可，故答案填have studied。44. attending 句意：上学后，我对我的孩子了解得更