1、第 1 页（共 9 页）2019 年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题 04 从句（名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句）一、2019 年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 21.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为 an age（一个时代） ，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选 C。2.【2019
2、江苏卷单项填空】23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case【答案】D【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only 要是多好； B. as if 好像，仿佛；C. even though 即使，尽管；D. in case 以备，以防，免得。故选 D。3.【2019江苏卷单项填空】25.Scientists have ob
3、tained more evidence _ plastic is finding its way into the human body.A. what B. that C. which D. where【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与 evidence 指代的是同一事件，用 that 引导同位语从句。故选 B。4.【2019天津卷单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage_ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. w
4、hy B. whereC. which D. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。第 2 页（共 9 页）句中 she can say individual words but not full sentences 是一个定语从句，先行词是 the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词 where，故选 B。5.【2019天津卷单项填空】13.Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _ he wants their support.A.
5、 since B. onceC. unless D. after【答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。since 因为；once 一旦；unless 除非； after 在之后，根据题意，故选 C。6.【2019新课标 I 卷语法填空 】While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【
6、解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为 there be 句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词 evidence的 内容，故填 that。7.【2019新课标 I 卷短文改错 】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【答案】One afternoon whernI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 one afterno
7、on 表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用 when。故将 where 改为 when。8.【2019新课标 II 卷语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _62_ she opened with her late husband Les.【答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为 the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作 opened 一词的宾语，故用 which。9.【2019新课标 III 卷语法填空 】They
8、were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】who第 3 页（共 9 页）【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为 masters（主人） ，且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who。10.【2019新课标 III 卷短文改错 】 In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is c
9、reated for them.【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment whatt/icis created for them. 【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词 environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把 what 改为 that/which。11.【2019浙江卷语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _58_gives off light in the d
10、ark.【答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是 cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用 that 或 which 引导。故填 that/which。12.【2019北京卷语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than _8_ they go.【答案】where【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用 where。13.【2019北京卷语法填空】The students benefitti
11、ng most from college are those _9_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.【答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_3_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词 those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填 who 或 that。二、2019 届模拟题1.【江苏省盐城中学 2019 届高三年级质量检测】People crowd into _ cherry trees are blooming,
12、 appreciating the fresh spring sight.A. what B. when第 4 页（共 9 页）C. which D. where【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：人们涌向樱花盛开的地方，欣赏清新的春光。从句做介词 into 的宾语，且从句缺少地点状语。A. what 什么；B. when 什么时候；C. which 哪一个；D. where 哪儿。故选 D。【点睛】名词性从句中引导词的确定要根据从句的句子类型，如果从句是陈述句，引导词为 that，如从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句，则引导词为 if 或 whether，如果从句是特殊疑问句就
13、用它原来的疑问代词或疑问副词作为引导词。本题做题步骤分析主句 People crowd into可知，本题考查宾语从句。分析从句 cherry trees are blooming 不缺主语或宾语，那就不能填关系代词。再根据翻译确定关系副词。2.【江苏省盐城中学 2019 届高三年级质量检测】The reign of the next Japanese emperor will be known as “Reiwa” (令和) era, in _ name the character for “harmony” is included.A. which B. whatC. whose D. a
14、s【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：下一个日本皇帝统治时期将被称为“令和时代”，在这个名字里包含着寓意“和谐” 的字。先行词为“Reiwa”(令和) era。从句中 name 前缺少一个形容词，只有选项 A 和选项 C 可用做形容词。但是 A. which 强调“哪一个”，C. whose 强调“谁的” 。定语从句前没有出现选项范围，故选 C。3. 【天津市南开中学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】I guess _ impresses me most about his painting is the colors he uses.A. who B. whichC. that D. wha
15、t【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我想他的画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。guess 后是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句没有主语，所填词应该起双重作用，故选 D。4. 【天津市南开中学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】It was the middle of the night _ my dad woke me up and told me to watch the football game.A. when B. thatC. which D. as第 5 页（共 9 页）【答案】A【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：我爸爸把我叫醒叫我去看足球比赛时，时间已经是半夜了。句中 it 指代时间
16、，my dad woke me up and told me to watch the football game.是时间状语从句，用 when 引导。故选 A。5. 【天津市南开中学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】How come? I cant find my key. I just left it _ it had been.A. where B. whichC. when D. how【答案】A【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：怎么可能?我找不到钥匙了。我刚把它放在原来的地方。结合句意可知此处是 where 引导的地点状语从句，故选 A。6.【江苏省南京市学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试
17、】We live in this society now _ literally someone is always helping.A. when B. whereC. that D. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句连。句意：我们现在生活在这样一个确实有人一直在帮助我们的社会里。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 the society，且先行词在定语从句中做地点状语，故用where 相当于 in which。故选 B。7.【江苏省南京市学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】Patrick waited _ all the luggage was cleared, but his never ap
18、peared.A. until B. beforeC. when D. while【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句连接词。句意：他一直等到所有的行李都清理完毕，但是他的行李迟迟未出现。A. until 直到才；B. before 在之前；C. when 当时候；D. while当时候。根据句意，表示“直到才”应用 until/till，故选 A。8.【江苏省南京市学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】The same boiling water softens the potato and hardens the egg. Its about _youre made of, not the circ
19、umstances.A. that B. what第 6 页（共 9 页）C. how D. who【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：同样的沸水使土豆变软，使鸡蛋变硬。重要的是你是由什么构成的，而不是环境。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事物，用what，故选 B。9. 【天津市十二所重点中学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest _ rapid progress they have made.A. whatever B. howeverC. how much D. n
20、o matter【答案】A【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：那些运动员，尤其是获胜者，无论他们取得多么大的进步，都应该保持谦逊。此处修饰名词 progress，表示“不管什么样的、无论什么” ，故 A项正确。10. 【天津市十二所重点中学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】Bob made a promise to the manager _ the work would all be finished on time.A. that B. whatC. which D. whether【答案】A【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：鲍勃向经理保证将按时完成工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，从句成分
21、完成，用 that 解释 promise 的内容，只起连接作用，无实义，故 A 项正确。11. 【天津市十二所重点中学 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】The police are investigating the company, three of _ managers have already been arrested.A. whose B. thatC. which D. where【答案】A【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：警方正在调查这家公司，其中三位经理已经被逮捕。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为 company，从句中缺少定语，故 A 项正确。12. 【天津市北辰区 2019
22、 届高三年级模拟考试】This semester our school offers many optional courses for the students, _ appeals to many students.第 7 页（共 9 页）A. each of which B. all of whomC. each of whom D. all of which【答案】A【解析】考查介词+关系代词形式定语从句。句意：这学期我们学校为学生开设了很多选修课，每一门课都吸引了很多学生。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 courses，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词 which，故排除 B、C
23、 选项；又因从句中谓语动词 appeals为第三人称单数形式，故此处应为强调“每一门”，故选 A。13. 【天津市北辰区 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】I was going to pay by cash when it suddenly occurred to me _ I had left my purse at home.A. whether B. whatC. that D. where【答案】C【解析】考查连接词辨析。句意：我正要付现金，突然想起我把钱包忘在家里了。句型 it occurred to sb that“某人突然想起某事”后跟 that 从句，故选 C。【点睛】英语句型：
24、表达“想起某事”的常用句型补充：it happened to sb that 意为在某人身上发生了某事remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事bring sth. in mind 使某人想起某事put sb. in mind of sth. 使某人想起某事14. 【天津市北辰区 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】What did she want to know, Tom?She wondered _ we could complete the experiment.A. when was it B. it was when thatC. it was when D. when it
25、was that【答案】D【解析】考查强调句。句意：“她想知道什么，汤姆？” “她想知道我们什么时候才能完成实验。 ”分析句子意思以及句子结构可知，空格部分为强调特殊疑问词 when，且为宾语从句结构，故特殊疑问句必须置于主从句之间，并且要使用陈述语序。故 D 选项正确。【点睛】强调句型：It is (was) 被强调部分+that (who) + 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。强调句的连词只有两个，that 和 who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 who，其余用 that。第 8 页（共 9 页）原句： My father did the experim
26、ent in the lab yesterday evening.强调主语： It was my father who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when)强调地点： It was in the lab
27、that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.强调句的判断：去掉 It is (was)和 that (who)后，剩余成分能组成完整句子，则为强调句型。15. 【天津市北辰区 2019 届高三年级模拟考试】Tianjin soccer fans wonder how long it will be _ the popular soccer star Sunke can appear in the fields in Tianjin as a member of Tianjin Tianhai soccer team.A. before B. sinceC. until D. where【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：天津球迷想知道，流行足球明星孙科还需要多久才能作为天津天海足球队的一员出现在天津的赛场上。固定句式：It will be +some time +before“多久之后才”。故选 A。第 9 页（共 9 页）