1、Section Learning about Language课时过关即时巩固一、用所给单词的正确形式完成下列句子(每词限用一次)advise order command hold request1.The young woman for help from her friends. 答案:requested2.The secretary told me to on for a minute. 答案:hold3.Ma Lin has a good of Japanese. 答案:command4.She going there by bus. 答案:advised5.The officer t
2、he soldiers to start at once. 答案:ordered二、单句改错1.My friend suggested them to start the work immediately.答案:suggestedadvised2.I will go to attend the party with their request.答案:withat3.The president commanded that all of them would think of ways to solve the problem.答案:wouldshould 或去掉 would4.The pers
3、on are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.答案:areis5.He asked me go to visit the city the next day.答案:在 me 后加 to三、阅读理解Canadian EnglishCanadian English is affected by both British and American English.In the vocabulary there are a lot of the US influences:Canadians use billboard,gas,truck and wr
4、ench rather than hoarding,petrol,lorry,and spanner;but on the other hand,they agree with the British in saying blinds,braces,porridge,and tap rather than shades,suspenders,oatmeal,and faucet.South African EnglishSince 1994 South Africa has had eleven official languages:English,Afikaans(having develo
5、ped from Dutch),Zulu,Xhosa and other largely regional African languages.English is the first language of only about 10 percent of the population,but the second language of many others.The English of native Afrikaners has influenced the “standard” English of white South Africans,examples being such i
6、nformal usages as the affirmative (肯定的)no,as in“How are you?No,Im fine.” and the all-purpose response is it,as in “She had a baby last week,is it?”Indian EnglishTogether with Hindi,English is used across India,but it can also be a speakers first,second,or third language.The grammar of Indian English
7、 has many distinguishing features,of which perhaps the best known are the use of the present continuous tense,as in “He is having very much of property.”,and the use of “isnt it” as an ordinary question tag,“We are meeting tomorrow,isnt it?” The first example shows another characteristic of the lang
8、uage,which is using in or of in idiomatic phrases.Verbs are also used differently,with speakers often dropping a preposition or object altogether,“I insisted immediate payment”,while double possessives(所有格)“our these prices”(instead of the British English “these prices of ours”)are common.1.What doe
9、s the underlined word “distinguishing” mean in Paragraph 3?A.Different. B.Same.C.Short. D.Missing.答案:A解析:第三段所举的例子讲述了印度英语一些不同的用法 ,因此是指“不同的”。2.According to the passage,which group of words is all in American form?A.Billboard,gas,blinds,braces.B.Hoarding,petrol,porridge,tap.C.Truck,wrench,shades,suspen
10、ders.D.Lorry,spanner,oatmeal,faucet.答案:C解析:由第一段第二句可知美国英语中常用到 billboard,gas,truck,wrench 及shades,suspenders,oatmeal,faucet 等词。因此选 C 项。3.What can be learned from Paragraph 2?A.Dutch is one of the official languages in South Africa.B.Zulu is one of the official languages in South Africa.C.Less than 10%
11、 of the South African people speak English as their second language.D.More than 10% of the South African people speak English as their mother tongue.答案:B解析:由第二段第一句可知 Zulu 是南非官方语言的一种。其他选项与文意不符。4.How many distinguishing features of Indian English grammar are mentioned in the passage?A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5答案:
12、D解析:第三段提到了印度英语语法的五种与众不同的用法 ,分别是现在进行时的用法,isn t it普遍用于附加疑问句中,习惯搭配中插入 in 或 of 等,动词后省去介词(及宾语) 和双重所有格的用法。5.According to the passage,if you are an Indian,you are most likely to . A.use “blinds” instead of “shades”B.say “The students had an exam last week,is it?”C.use “those suspenders of theirs” instead o
13、f “their those suspenders”D.say “The students are going to have an exam next week,isnt it?”答案:D解析:根据各段所举的例子可知 ,A 项属于加拿大英语;B 项属于南非英语 ;C 项属于英国英语;D 项属于印度英语。四、完形填空When I was in primary school,I got into an argument with a boy named Tom in my class.I cant 1 what it was about,but I have never forgotten th
14、e 2 I learnt that day. I was 3 that I was right and he was wrong,but he strongly believed that I was wrong and he was right.Our 4 decided to teach us a lesson.She 5 a good idea.She 6 both of us up to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on 7 .In the middle of her desk
15、 was a large,round object (物体).I could 8 see that it was black.She asked Tom what 9 the object was.“White,” he answered in a 10 voice. I couldnt believe he said the object was white, 11 it was obviously black!Another 12 started between the boy and me,this 13 about the colour of the object. The teach
16、er told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to stand where I had been.We changed 14 ,and now she asked me what the colour of the object was.I 15 answer,“White.” It was then 16 I realized I was wrong.In fact,it was an object with two 17 coloured sides,and from his side it was white. 1
17、8 from my side was it black. My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day:You must 19 yourself in other peoples shoes and look at the 20 through their eyes in order to truly understand their view. 1.A.think B.rememberC.forget D.determine答案:B解析:“我”已经记不清原因了,但是那天得到的教训从未忘记。此空的 remember 与后文的forg
18、otten 形成对比。2.A.class B.speechC.text D.lesson答案:D解析:根据句意以及后文的“a very important lesson”可知此处应用 lesson。3.A.sure B.toldC.afraid D.persuaded答案:A解析:根据下文“but he strongly believed.”可知此处表示“ 我”很确定是“我” 对了。4.A.doctor B.parentC.partner D.teacher答案:D解析:根据后文可知选 D 项。5.A.kept up with B.went on with C.came up with D.g
19、ot along with答案:C解析:此处表示老师想出了一个好主意。 come up with“提出;想出”。6.A.woke B.broughtC.advised D.came答案:B解析:她把“我们 ”两个带到教室的前面。7.A.the other B.otherC.another D.others答案:A解析:汤姆在一边,“ 我”在另一边。表示“两者之间的另一个”用 the other。8.A.clearly B.happilyC.luckily D.nearly答案:A解析:“我”很清楚地看到它是黑色的。9.A.height B.colourC.size D.shape答案:B解析:
20、根据下文的“White” 可知,她问汤姆那个物体是什么颜色。10.A.sweet B.loud C.fearful D.grateful答案:B解析:他大声地回答说是白色。通过后文可知 Tom 很确定自己的答案,因此应该是大声回答。11.A.for B.unless C.if D.although答案:A解析:“我”简直无法相信他的话,因为那个物体显而易见是黑色的。12.A.match B.fight C.argument D.conversation答案:C解析:根据文章开头的“got into an argument”可知选 C 项,表示 “我们”又开始了新一轮的争论。13.A.day B
21、.time C.chance D.month答案:B解析:这一次争论是关于那个物体的颜色。14.A.desks B.seats C.attitudes D.places答案:D解析:根据上句可知此处表示 “我们”交换了位置。15.A.hoped to B.needed toC.had to D.was able to答案:C解析:“我”只好认同了汤姆的观点,回答白色。16.A.when B.beforeC.that D.since答案:C解析:“我”是在那时意识到自己错了。这是一个强调句型。17.A.loosely B.frequentlyC.differently D.beautifully
22、答案:C解析:根据上文可知,那是一个两边颜色不同的物体。18.A.Still B.Then C.Also D.Only答案:D 解析:仅仅从“我 ”的那一边看是黑色。19.A.sit B.stand C.lie D.put答案:D解析:你必须把自己放在其他人的位置 ,从他们的角度看问题才能真正理解他们的观点。20.A.performance B.loneliness C.movement D.situation答案:D解析:performance“表现”;loneliness“ 孤独”;movement“运动”;situation“情况;状况”。五、短文改错When we learn a la
23、nguage,listening,speaking and writing is important,but reading can also be very helpful.We will usually come away new words when reading.I will learn them easy by guessing their meanings from the rest of the text.So not only I learn new words,but I see them being used naturally.Besides,by reading I
24、can accumulate lots of materials,which help me much in writing.Choose something that we like to read can actually be enjoyable.For me,newspapers are interested because they are about real life.Apart from newspapers,I always read English magazines,many of them have pictures that can help with my unde
25、rstanding.I suggest making a note of new vocabularies but trying to guess their meanings as you read.Whats more,fix a time to read and keep to it.For an example,read for fifteen minute before you go to bed.答案:第一句:isare第二句:awayacross第三句:easyeasily第四句:only 后加 do第六句:ChooseChoosing第七句:interestedinteresting第八句:themwhich第九句:butand第十一句:去掉 an;minuteminutes