1、During the long Middle Ages, science, technology and even philosophy developed very slowly. The countries were at war with each other from time to time. Kindness, justice, order and honesty were flooded by the war. Under those conditions, lots of thinkers and philosophers were put into prison. At th
2、e same time, many reasonable teachings were put down. However, after the Renaissance, freedom and equality became the themes of the western world. Many philosophers began to stress “All men are created equal”. It was the French Revolution that contributed to these ideas. Meanwhile, there were many i
3、nfluential thinkers. In conclusion, the Renaissance made outstanding contributions to the progress of European civilisation.在欧洲漫长的中世纪，自然、科技甚至哲学发展都很缓慢。各国之间经常交战。善良、公正、秩序和诚实都被战争淹没。在这种条件下，许多思想家和哲学家被送进监狱。同时，许多合理的学说也被镇压。然而，文艺复兴之后，自由、平等成了西方世界的主题。很多哲学家开始强调“人人生而平等”。正是法国革命促成了这些思想。与此同时出现了许多有影响力的思想家。总之，文艺复兴对欧洲文
4、明的进步做出了巨大贡献。加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练.完形填空Hoses are tubes used to carry water from one place to another. They are _1_ bent without breaking. They have been _2_ for thousands of years. Ancient people used animal intestines (肠) to _3_ hoses. Animal intestines are quite long._4_ cleaned and dried, the intestines
5、made fairly good hoses.Some _5_ also used other kinds of things to make hoses. For example, the ancient Minoans were able to _6_ them using leather (皮革), or animal skin.The _7_ of the rubber hose came about because of a _8_ event Dr. Benjamin Goodrich saw in 1870. Goodrich was in his backyard when h
6、e smelled _9_. He ran down the street to _10_ that his neighbors house was on fire. Goodrich was there _11_ the horsedrawn fire truck. When the truck arrived, the firemen _12_ joined their large leather fire hose to a spigot (水龙头 ) and opened it.Goodrich saw the fireman _13_ and join the hose to the
7、 spigot. He also saw his neighbors house burn down! _14_ when the hose filled with water, the hose _15_ ! Leather becomes _16_ and easily broken when it is repeatedly wet and dried.After seeing the event of the _17_ house and the hose that broke, Goodrich _18_ a new kind of hose had to be invented.
8、At that time, Goodrich ran a company that made rubber goods. In a few months, Goodrich _19_ a new kind of fire hose. The hoses were made of rubber and covered in heavyduty cotton. The fire hoses sold so well that Goodrich enlarged his product line by producing _20_， lightweight garden hoses. Today,
9、garden hoses are made of rubber or plastic.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水龙带的历史。1A.carefully BpartlyCeasily Dslowly解析：选 C 根据文中的“They are . bent without breaking”可知，水龙带很“容易(easily)”弯曲而不会折断。2A.found BusedCstudied Dforgotten解析：选 B 根据文中的“They have been . Ancient people used animal intestines to . hoses.”可知，水龙带被“使用
10、(used)”了上千年，古代人用动物的肠子“制作(make)”水龙带。3A.store BcarryCmake Ddecorate解析：选 C 参见上题解析。4A.When BSinceCUnless DThough解析：选 A 根据下文中的“cleaned and dried, the intestines made fairly good hoses”可知，“当(When)”动物的肠子被清洗干净并晾干后就是很好的水龙带了。5A.scientists BbuildersCforeigners Dcultures解析：选 D 根据文中的“used other kinds of things t
11、o make hoses”及“the ancient Minoans were able to . them using leather”可知，许多来自不同“文化(cultures) ”的人会用不同的东西“制造(produce) ”水龙带。6A.change BproduceCcover Dclean解析：选 B 参见上题解析。7A.hope BsuccessCinvention Dbusiness解析：选 C 根据语境及最后一段中的 “Goodrich . a new kind of fire hose.The hoses were made of rubber”可知，橡胶水龙带的“发明(i
12、nvention)”源于一场事故。8A.sad BgreatCpleasant Dsimilar解析：选 A 根据下文中的“his neighbors house was on fire”可知，古德里奇在 1870 年目睹了一场“不幸的(sad)”事故 他邻居家的房子着火了。9A.danger BfoodCsmoke Dblood解析：选 C 根据文中的“Goodrich was in his backyard . that his neighbors house was on fire.”可知，古德里奇在他家后院闻见一股“烟味(smoke)”，他跑到街上“发现(discover)”邻居家的房
13、子着火了。10A.warn BdiscoverCjudge Dreport解析：选 B 参见上题解析。11A.on BbesideCafter Dbefore解析：选 D 根据下文中的“When the truck arrived”可知，古德里奇比消防车“先(before)”到达火灾现场。12A.quickly BquietlyCsuddenly Dnervously解析：选 A 由常识及文中的 “the firemen . joined their large leather fire hose to a spigot and opened it”可知，消防员“快速地(quickly) ”将
14、水龙带安在水龙头上准备救火。13A.leave BstopCcheer Darrive解析：选 D 根据文中的“Goodrich saw the fireman . and join the hose to the spigot.”可知，古德里奇看见消防员“到达(arrive)”现场并将水龙带安在水龙头上。14A.So BBecauseCUntil DOr解析：选 B 上文中的“He also saw his neighbors house burn down！”与下文中的“Leather becomes . and easily broken when it is repeatedly we
15、t and dried.”构成因果关系，故用“Because(因为 )”。15A.froze BdroppedCbroke Dlost解析：选 C 根据文中的“Leather becomes . and easily broken when it is repeatedly wet and dried.”可知，皮革在反复湿润变干后会变得很“硬(hard)”，容易断裂，所以水龙带充满水后“破裂(broke)”了。16A.wet BthickChard Dbig解析：选 C 参见上题解析。17A.fallen BburningCdirty Dempty解析：选 B 根据上文中的“his neigh
16、bors house burn down”可知，古德里奇邻居家的房子“烧着(burning) ”了。18A.decided BrememberedCaccepted Ddoubted解析：选 A 根据语境及文中的 “Goodrich . a new kind of fire hose”及“The fire hoses sold so well that Goodrich enlarged his product line”可知，当古德里奇看到邻居家被烧完的房子及断裂的水龙带后，他“决定(decided)”“开发(developed)”一种新的消防水管。19A.bought Bdeveloped
17、Cnoticed Dreceived解析：选 B 参见上题解析。20A.smaller BrichCbeautiful Dlonger解析：选 A 根据下文中的“lightweight garden hoses”与上文中的“covered in heavyduty cotton”对比可知 ，古德里奇发明的在花园里浇花的水龙带更 “小(smaller) ”、更轻便。.阅读理解Three Chilean (智利的) engineers say they have found a way to prevent determined thieves with what they claim is th
18、e worlds first “unstealable bike”The design, called the Yerka, looks like an average bike, but the bottom tube of the frame can be split into two parts and surround a pole.According to its creators, the frame can be taken apart and reconnected to make a lock in just 10 seconds.Once the bikes seat tu
19、be forms a lock, the only way to steal the bike would be to cut through it, destroying it in the process.The Yerka is the creation of Cristbal Cabello, 22, Andrs Roi Eggers, 23 and Juan Jos Monsalve, 24.The design was first announced in November 2014, but recently, the team said they had received th
20、eir first order to produce 300 Yerkas.While an investment of $100,000 from a state enterprise fund helped the project along, they raised most of their funds on crowdfunding site Indiegogo.The startup sold the first 100 bikes for $400 and then increased the price to $500.In the future, it will rise t
21、o $600, according to a CNN report.While they call it the worlds first unstealable bike, critics have previously said the lock could be picked or the bike easily destroyed.Thieves might also be happy simply to get the handlebars or front wheel.But the team say that if_they_werent_working_on_something
22、_as_revolutionary_as _this,_they_would_have_their_critics.They also add that the wheels have antitheft nuts (螺母) that can only be opened with a special key.The designers are now working on an app that will let users open up their bike using the smartphone.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上首辆偷不走的自行车“尤科”的独特之处以及人们对它
23、的看法。1What makes the Yerka different from an average bike?AIts lock can only be opened with a special key.BIt can be controlled well by a smartphone.CIt can be locked in just 10 seconds.DIt can change its frame into a lock.解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “ .but the bottom tube of the frame can be split into two
24、 parts and surround a pole .make a lock”可知，自行车“尤科”的特殊之处就是它的车身底杆可以分成两部分并且重组成一把锁。故选 D 项。2Where did most of the investment in the Yerka come from?AA state enterprise fund.BA crowdfunding website.CThe local government.DThe creators family.解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 “they raised most of their funds on crowdfun
25、ding site Indiegogo”可知，对自行车“尤科 ”的投资大部分来自于众筹网站Indiegogo。故选 B 项。3What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph?AThere is still some argument about the Yerka.BThe team worry bike wheels might be stolen.CThe lock of the Yerka wont be destroyed.DThe Yerka is becoming more and more popular.解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据
26、第五段中的 “critics have previously said .”和“But the team say that .”可推知，关于这种自行车依旧存在争议。4What does the underlined sentence imply?AThe team will invent more creative things.BThere are too many critics of the team.CThe team are brave to criticize themselves.DThe team dont accept the criticism.解析：选 D 句意理解题。画
27、线句用了虚拟语气，字面意思是“如果他们没有发明这样有创造性的东西，他们就接受批评”，言外之意就是他们不接受批评，故选 D 项。加餐练(二) 主观题规范增分练.语法填空One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _1_ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _2_ some of them looked very anxious and _3_ (disappoint). When the bus finally came,
28、we all hurried on board, I got a place next _4_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _5_ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _6_ (stop) until we reached the next stop
29、. Still, the boy kept _7_ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “_8_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on th
30、e bus shouted, “Oh，dear! Its _9_ (I)”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers _10_ (sudden) became friendly to one another. 答案：1.being 2.and 3.disappointed 4.to 5.caught 6.to stop 7.
31、riding 8.Did 9.me/mine 10.suddenly.短文改错Never I think my sister was a person of fun. So when she asked me to come into her room to play the other day, I went to see how bored it was. I smelled candy at the moment I stepped into the room.It all started on Saturday a voice in my head told me to steal h
32、er candy because it was the Easter. I wondered what would happen if I got caught. I did it anyway. I told her there was a present in the kitchen and she rushed for it！After she left, I slide into her room and saw the candy bag lie on the bed. My eyes grew widely and I was day dreaming about how much
33、 candy I would have after I stole it. When she found it was me that ate her candy she ran after me around the house for about 30 minute.答案：第一句：never 后加 did第二句：boredboring第三句：去掉 at第四句：Saturday 后加 when; 去掉 the第八句：slideslid; lielying第九句：widelywide第十句：meI; minuteminutes.书面表达某英文报 People 栏目正面向中学生征稿。请你根据所给
34、提示，写一篇英语短文并投稿。人物 张衡 (公元 78 年139 年)，我国伟大的天文学家、发明家主要成就 发明了地动仪，为科学和人类社会的进步做出了巨大的贡献优秀品质 善于思考、坚持不懈注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：astronomer 天文学家；seismograph 地动仪参考范文：Zhang Heng, a great astronomer and inventor, lived from AD 78 to 139. During his life, he made many important discoveries, including t
35、he famous seismograph. He made great contributions to the progress of science and human society.Zhang Heng was interested in everything around him and loved to think. It was not always easy to make other people believe new theories. When Zhang Heng first introduced his seismograph, people laughed at him. However, he didnt give up. Instead, he went on to make new discoveries.He believed in what he did even when others did not. This is what we should learn from him.