1、单 元 训 练 金 卷 高 三 英 语 卷 （ B）英 语 6 Units 3-5注 意 事 项 ：1.答 题 前 ， 先 将 自 己 的 姓 名 、 准 考 证 号 填 写 在 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 上 ， 并 将 准 考 证 号 条 形 码 粘贴 在 答 题 卡 上 的 指 定 位 置 。2.选 择 题 的 作 答 ： 每 小 题 选 出 答 案 后 ， 用 2B 铅 笔 把 答 题 卡 上 对 应 题 目 的 答 案 标 号 涂 黑 ，写 在 试 题 卷 、 草 稿 纸 和 答 题 卡 上 的 非 答 题 区 域 均 无 效 。3.非 选 择 题 的 作 答 ： 用 签 字 笔 直
2、 接 答 在 答 题 卡 上 对 应 的 答 题 区 域 内 。 写 在 试 题 卷 、 草 稿 纸和 答 题 卡 上 的 非 答 题 区 域 均 无 效 。4.考 试 结 束 后 ， 请 将 本 试 题 卷 和 答 题 卡 一 并 上 交 。第 卷第 一 部 分 ： 听 力 (共 两 节 ， 满 分 30 分 )略第 二 部 分 ： 阅 读 理 解 (共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 )第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ： 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 列 短 文 ， 从 每 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 （ A、 B、 C 和 D） 中 选 出 最 佳 选 项
3、， 并 在 答 题卡 上 将 该 项 涂 黑 。AIts known to all that rainforests are important. But do you know why?Tropical rainforests took between 60 and 100 million years to evolve (进化) and are believed to be the oldest and most complex land-based ecosystem on earth, containing over 30 million species of plants and a
4、nimals. Thats half of the Earths wild animal species and at least two-thirds of its plant species! Rainforests store water. In fact, it is believed that the Amazonian forests alone store over half of the Earths rainwater! Rainforest trees draw water from the forest floor and release it back into the
5、 atmosphere. Without rainforests continually recycling huge quantities of water, feeding the rivers, lakes and irrigation systems, droughts would become more common.Do you know that we also depend on trees to cleanse (净化) our atmosphere? They absorb the carbon dioxide that we breathe out, and provid
6、e the oxygen we need. However, when rainforest trees are burnt, they release carbon dioxide, which pollutes the atmosphere and contributes to global warming.Surprisingly, soil in the rainforest is very poor in nutrients. This is because the nutrients are stored in the huge numbers of trees and plant
7、s rather than in the soil. Tree roots bind the soil together, while the canopy (树荫) protects the soil from heavy rain. When a tree dies and its trunk falls to the forest floor, it breaks down and the nutrients it contains are recycled. However, if trees are removed from the forest, the nutrients are
8、 removed with it. Whats worse, the unprotected soil is then simply washed away by heavy rain, causing floods in lowland rivers while leaving upland rivers dry.Many local people have been living in harmony with the rainforest for thousands of years, depending on it for their food, shelter and medicin
9、es. When oil and logging companies come to remove vast areas of forest, they bring diseases which people there have no resistance to and threaten their survival. Often they are also forced to move away from their homes to unfamiliar places, sometimes even being killed in the process.21.What can we l
10、earn about rainforests from Paragraph 2?A.They are impossible to recover once damaged.B.They are too old and complex to evolve themselves.C.They have fewer wild animal species than plant species.D.Theyre important homes to wild animal and plant species.22.Why does the author mention the poor soil in
11、 the rainforest?A.To stress the importance of trees to soil.B.To encourage improvement of soil there.C.To explain a very interesting phenomenon.D.To raise peoples awareness of protecting soil.23.What can we learn from the passage?A.We can burn rainforests to make the land richer.B.We should do our b
12、est to prevent global warming.C.We should protect rainforests instead of destroying them.D.We can depend on many things to cleanse our atmosphere.BA new study has identified pollution as the worlds No.1 killer. Study organizers say pollution is responsible for more premature deaths than war, terrori
13、sm, natural disasters, smoking and disease. By saying premature death, the researchers mean dying before the average age of death within a population group. Many of these deaths can be prevented.A report on the study was published in the medical journal The Lancet. The researchers looked at pollutio
14、n levels, both inside enclosed (封闭的) buildings and in the world around us. They concluded that pollution killed about 9 million people in 2015. That would represent one of every six deaths worldwide.Karti Sandilya helped to prepare the report. He said, “Pollution damages fundamental human rights, su
15、ch as the right to life, health, well-being, safe work as well as the protection of children and the most vulnerable (易受伤害的).”The report said the large majority of pollution-related deaths take place in developing countries. The researchers say leaders in those countries are more concerned about bui
16、lding their economics and public services than environmental controls. Some of the most affected countries are Bangladesh, China, Haiti, India, Pakistan, North Korea and South Sudan.But Richard Fuller, another writer of the report, said pollution is tied to slow economic development in both rich and
17、 poor nations. He said, “Finance ministers still hold firmly that you have to let industry pollution or else you wont develop. What people dont realize is that people who are sick or dead cannot contribute to the economy. They need to be looked after.”The report said that 9 million premature deaths
18、a year is only a conservative figure. It said the actual number is likely to be much higher.A separate study by the World Bank said reducing pollution must be a top goal. It said that settling this problem would lead to approaches to other dangers, including poor nutrition (营养) and rising temperatur
19、es on the Earths surface.24.Which is mainly to blame for pollution according to the report?A.Poor countries. B.Rich countries.C.Common people. D.The government.25.What does the first research find?A.Pollution is serious in both rich and poor countries.B.Premature deaths cannot be prevented worldwide
20、.C.Pollution has something to do with slow development.D.Pollution has caused more premature deaths than expected.26.Why is “A separate study” mentioned in the last paragraph?A.To provide more information about pollution.B.To make the findings of the first study more convincing.C.To offer more speci
21、fic approaches to deal with pollution.D.To emphasize the relationship between pollution and global warming.27.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage?A.Pollution Is the Worlds Number One Killer.B.Pollution Is Becoming Increasingly Serious.C.What Makes Pollution Increasing
22、ly Serious.D.How People Deal with Pollution Worldwide.CScientists are trying to save Puerto Ricos endangered Amazon parrots after Hurricane Maria destroyed the birds habitats and food sources(来源).El Yunque is a large national forest on the eastern part of Puerto Rico. Just two of the 56 wild parrots
23、 that once lived there survived Maria, the Category-4 storm that struck Puerto Rico in September 2017. Scientists report other forests have seen great drops in parrot populations as well.In the 1800s, there were more than a million of the bright green parrots living in the wild in Puerto Rico. By th
24、e 1970s, the number was down to just 13 birds after years of forest clearing.A special program was started in 1972 to help increase the parrot population, which led to the creation of three breeding(繁殖) centers. Just weeks before Hurricane Maria hit, scientists counted 56 wild parrots at El Yunque.
25、That was the highest number in the programs history. Scientists say that even though several parrots have been born in captivity(笼养) and in the wild since Maria, the species is still in danger.The Puerto Rican Amazon is the islands only remaining native parrot. More than 460 of the birds are kept in
26、side the breeding centers at El Yunque and the Rio Abajo forest. Scientists have not released(释放) any of the birds since Hurricane Maria. A third breeding center, in a forest in the western area of Maricao, has not been in operation since the storm.Scientists are considering whether to catch some of
27、 the remaining wild parrots and put them in the same cage as the birds that are set to be released. This way, the captive birds can learn from the wild birds how to survive in the forests. Another consideration is to release some captive parrots in Maricao, which was not as heavily damaged by Maria.
28、28. Why has the parrot population greatly decreased in the past 200 years?A. Because of Hurricane Maria.B. Because of too much hunting.C. Because of the loss of forests.D. Because of lack of breeding centers.29. Which of the following is true about Hurricane Maria?A. It killed 56 wild parrots at El
29、Yunque.B. It greatly affected parrots in captivity.C. It reduced the number of wild parrots.D. It led to the creation of three breeding centers.30. What can we infer about Amazon parrots in captivity?A. They have the highest number in the history.B. They have been released since Hurricane Maria.C. T
30、hey are used to living in the wild.D. They are larger in number than those in the wild.31. What is the best title for the text?A. Scientists Work to Save Puerto Rican Parrots.B. Amazon Parrots are in Danger of Disappearing.C. A Special Program Helps Increase the Parrot Population.D. Hurricane Maria
31、Reduced the Number of Amazon Parrots.DAntareticas ice-white environment is going green and facing other unexpected threats. Scientists say that as temperatures go up in the polar region, invading (入侵 ) plants and insects, including the flies, cause a major conservation threat.More and more of these
32、invaders, in the form of larvae (幼虫) or seeds, are surviving in coastal areas around the South Pole, where the temperature has risen by more than 3 over the past three decades. Glaciers have retreated, exposing more land which has been occupied by mosses that have been found to be growing more quick
33、ly and thickly than ever before providing potential green homes for invaders.“The common house flies are a perfect example of the problem the Antarctic now faces from invading species,” said Dominic Hodgson of the British Antarctic Survey. “It comes in on ships, where it exists in kitchens and then
34、at bases on the continent. It now has an increasing chance of surviving in the Antarctic as it warms up, and that is a worry. Insects like the house flies carry bacteria that could have a deadly effect on native lifeforms.”The Antarctic has several native species of insects. Together with its native
35、 mosses, these are now coming under increased threat from three major sources: visiting scientists, increasing numbers of tourists and global warming. However, it is global warming that is the main driver of the greening of Antarctica.In 2015, more than 38,000 tourists visited Antarctica. “These tou
36、rists are often very careful about not leaving waste or having mud. But they could carry seeds or larvae on their boots when they set foot on the Antarctic,” said Hodgson.More and more invasive insects and plants have been found on the Antarctic and have required removal. “the insects and plants tha
37、t are native to Antarctica have survived these for thousands of years,” said Hodgson. “We have got to act now if we want to save the environment.”32. What does the underlined world “mosses” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. A kind of plants. B. House flies.C. Coastal areas. D. A kind of animals.33. What is
38、 the main cause of the Antarctic going green?A. Scientists coming. B. Global warming.C. A growing number of visitors. D. The rapid spread of native planting.34. What do we know about the house flies in the Antarctic?A. They are native to the Antarctic.B. They will disappear due to the cold climate.C
39、. They seriously affected the Antarctic native species.D. They directly fly to the Antarctic from nearby islands.35. Whats the best title for the text?A. The Antarctic Is Faced with Various Threats.B. The Antarctic Is Becoming Green and Energetic.C. More and More Scientists Get to Explore the Antarc
40、tic.D. Global Warming has Caused the Temperature in the Antarctic to Rise up.第 二 节 (共 5 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 10 分 )根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多余 选 项 。Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air
41、.” _36_ According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good._37_ If the air youre breathing is clean-which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, you
42、r body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _38_ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that
43、 just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情 绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. _39_ It giv
44、es us a great feeling of peace._40_ While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D but still protect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that
45、s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as im
46、portantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.第 三 部 分 ： 英 语 知 识 运 用 (共 两 节 ， 满 分 45 分 )第 一 节 完 形 填 空 (共 20 小 题 ； 每 小 题 1.5 分 ， 满 分 30 分 )阅 读 下 面 短 文 ， 从 短 文 后 各 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 (A、 B、 C 和 D)中 ， 选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白处 的
47、最 佳 选 项 。One evening, Catherinewas at home as usual. As her _41_ swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening, she was unexpectedly _42_ by an urgent call from her sister “Get over here! Turn on NBC and check these guys out. They are just like you” One
48、Facebook message and a phone interview later, Catherine _43_ herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah, picking up trash and _44_ awareness about zero-waste and climate change.With a deep _45_ of the environment and a desire to make a _46_, Catherine, Dave
49、y, and a group of self _47_ “environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pick-up. As they walked, sometimes only _48_ 0.9 miles in an entire day, they _49_ and steadily made their way across the United States for three years, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash.Catherine and Davey _50_ with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their _51_ to continue their journey. After spending weeks silently _52_ how she wo