1、Period 4 语法专题课学习目标1.To master the basic usages of the Past Participle as the adverbial and attribute.2.To learn to use the Past Participle as the adverbial and attribute in the real situation through self-study and practice.3.To be interested in English study and enjoy the beauty of English.学习过程过去分词
2、是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当状语、定语等成分。Step 1:过去分词作状语1.When heated,ice will be changed into water.(过去分词作 状语) 2.Done in a hurry,his homework was full of mistakes.(过去分词作 状语) 3.Given more attention,the cabbages could have grown better.(过去分词作 状语) 4.The hunter left his house,followed by his dog.(过去分词作
3、状语) 【归纳总结】 (1)过去分词在句子中可以作 、 、 、 和让步状语等。 (2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词的逻辑主语与 一致。 过去分词有两大特点:(1)表示被动的动作;(2)表示已经完成的动作,因此,当过去分词作状语的时候分 词与主语的逻辑关系 被动关系。【辨析】 过去分词与现在分词作状语过去分词表 、 ,与主句主语之间是被动关系;现在分词表 、 ,与主句主语之间是主动关系。如果一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前,则可使用现在分词的完成被动式或过去分词。 Following the old man,we went upstairs.跟着那个老人,我们上楼了。Followed by the
4、 old man,we went upstairs.被那个老人跟着,我们上楼了。Step 2:过去分词作定语1.Last Sunday we went on an organized trip to the forest.上星期我们组织了一次去森林的旅行。2.A letter posted today will reach him the day after tomorrow.今天发出的信后天他就能收到。 【归纳总结】 过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的 关系,且表示该动作 。单个的过去分词作定语,通常置于被修 饰的词的 ,而 作定语,则须置于被修饰词的后面。 【联想拓展】 过去分
5、词作定语有前置和后置两种情况:1.前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名 词之前,表示 和 意义。 A.被动意 义:an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人The injured workers(受伤的工人) are now being taken good care of in the hospital.B.完成意 义a retired teacher 一位退休的教 师They are cleaning the fallen leaves(落叶) in the yard.2.后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名 词之后,它的作用相当于一个 。 This w
6、ill be the best novel of its kind ever written.(= that has been written)Who were the so-called guests invited(= who had been invited) to your party last night?【辨析】 过去分词与现在分词过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词在逻辑上有 关系,表示该动作的 或者 ; 现在分词作定语与修饰的名词存在逻辑上的 关系,表示该动作的 或者 。 The flying kites are high in the sky.The boy named Tom wa
7、s hurt in the car accident. 【注意】如果被修饰的词是由 every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词 those 等时,即使一个单一的过去分词作形容词用, 也要放在被修饰词的后面。 Is there anything unsolved?There is noting changed here since I left this town.课堂练习挑战一 小试牛刀1. (see ) from the top,the stadium looks like a nest. 2. (use ) for a long time,
8、the book looks old. 3.The lady returned home, (follow) by two policemen. 4.If (trap) in a burning building,you should ask for help. 5.Whats the language (speak) in Germany? 6. (受到污染的空气和水 ) can be harmful to peoples health. 7. ( 没有收到他的信),I gave him a call. 8. ( 在那等着的时候),he saw two pretty girls come o
9、ut of the building. 挑战二 链接高考1.Clearly and thoughtfully ,the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A.writing B.to write C.writtenD.being written2.Children,when by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadium. A.to be accompanied B.to accompany C.accompanying D.acc
10、ompanied3.When about his teaching job,Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A.asking B.asked C.having asked D.to be asked4.The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras to our shop for quality problems. A.returning B.returned C.to return D.to be returned5.Amie Salmon,disabled
11、,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse to guard her. A.to appoint B.appointing C.appointed D.having appointed6. according to the instructions,the medicine will work for your headache. A.To take B.TakingC.Taken D.Take7. by the latest electronic toys,the little boy stood in front of the wi
12、ndows,without moving. A.To be arrested B.Arrested C.Having arrested D.Arresting8.Most of her spare time ,she still kept on her research in the library. A.occupied B.had been occupied C.to be occupied D.was occupied9.The man went to bed, and when he woke up,he found his shoes still on. A.having drunk
13、 B.being drunk C.drinking D.drunk10.The weather in Quzhou is rather cold in winter,especially that in my hometown. A.having compared to B.comparing to C.compare toD.compared to课后作业1.Master what we have learned today.2.Try to tidy the mistaken exercises on the exercise book.参考答案学习过程Step 11.时间 2.原因 3 .条件 4 .伴随【归纳总结】(1)时间状语 原因状语 条件状语 伴随状语 (2 )句子主语【辨析】完成 被动 进行 主动Step 2:被动 已经完成 前面 分词短语1.被动 完成 2.定语从句【辨析】动宾 被动 完成 主谓 主动 进行课堂练习挑战一1.Seen 2.Used 3.followed 4 .trapped 5.spoken 6.Polluted air and water 7.Not receiving any letter from him 8.While waiting there挑战二1.C 2.D 3.B 4 .B 5 .C 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.D