1、Period 4 语法专题课学习目标1.To learn to use the Past Participle as the attribute and the predicative.2.To learn to use the Past Participle in the real situation through self-study and practice.3.To be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty of English.学习过程Step 1:过去分词作定语【观察思考】仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。1.The r
2、ecovered animals will be released soon.2.We needed many more qualified workers.3.Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples. 4.He is a teacher loved by his students. 5.The girl dressed in white is my daughter. 【归纳总结】1.过去分词作定语时,表示的动作在 之前发生,已经 完成并具有 意义( 见句1)。此时 ,作定语的过去分词一般是由 动词变
3、来的,因 为只有此类动词才有被动意义。 2.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词 ( 见句 1、句 2)。 作定语要放在被修 饰的名词后面,作后置定 语,表示被动或完成,其作用相当于一个 ( 见句 3、句4、句 5)。 【辨析】 过去分词与动词-ing 形式作定语时的区别动词-ing 形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系 ,表示动作正在进行;而过去分词作定语时,则表示被动或完成意义。如 :Mr.Smith,tired of the boring speech,started to read a novel.The prize of the game show is $30,000 an
4、d an all expenses paid vacation to China.Step 2:过去分词作表语【观察思考】仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。1.The street is lined with small shops.2.Tom was astonished to see his father.【归纳总结】 过去分 词作表 语时,与谓语动词 构成 结构,表示主语的性质、特征和 。 课堂练习挑战一 小试牛刀1.In autumn, (落叶) can be seen everywhere.秋天, 到处可以看到落叶。 2.地上覆盖着雪。3.I found that ( 我迷路了).
5、 4.The wheat is watered by water ( bring) from a pond. 5.He is a leader (respect) by the people. 6.Any medicine (服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. 7.We spent two hours discussing the plan (她制定的) . 8.Most of the people ( 被邀请参加会议的) were famous scientists. 挑战二 链接高考 1.The producer co
6、mes regularly to collect the cameras to our shop for quality problems. A.returning B.returned C.to return D.to be returned2.Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse to guard her. A.to appoint B.appointing C.appointed D.having appointed 3.In some languages,100 words make
7、 up half of all words in daily conversations. A.using B.to use C.having used D.used 4.You cannot accept an opinion to you unless it is based on facts. A.offering B.to offer C.having offered D.offered 5.The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A.questioned B
8、.being questioned C.to be questioned D.having questioned 6.While waiting for the opportunity to get ,Henry did his best to perform his duty. A.promote B.promoted C.promoting D.to promote7.For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are important in staying . A.connecte
9、d B.connectingC.to connect D.to be connected 8.In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A.sticking B.stuckC.to be stuck D.to have stuck9.Yanan,a city in northern Shaanxi Province,has seen great progress in its tourism industry over the past few years. A.loca
10、ting B.located C.locates D.to locate10.The soldiers were sent to the earthquake-stricken area immediately afterwards to save the people in the ruins. A.trapped B.trapping C.to trap D.to be trapped课后作业1.Master what we have learned today.2.Correct the mistakes in the paper.参考答案学习过程Step 11.谓语动作 被动 及物 2
11、.之前 过去分词短语 定语从句Step 2系表 状态课堂练习挑战一1.fallen leaves 2 .The ground is covered with snow. 3.I was lost 4.brought 5.respected 6.taken 7.made by her 8 .invited to attend the conference/meeting挑战二1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5 .A 6.B 7.A 8 .B 9.B 10.APeriod 4 语法专题课学习目标1.To master the basic usage of the Past Participle a
12、s the attribute and the predicative.2.To learn to use the Past Participle as the attribute and the predicative in the real situation through self-study and practice.3.To be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty of English.学习过程Step 1:Lead-in(自学建议:利用上节课所学,完成下列短文填空。然后思考短文后面的问题,如果在回答的时候有困难,同学们可
13、以先不回答观察思考部分的问题 ,学完本课后,再回来解释,回扣课堂。)John Snow was a doctor who became 1 when thinking about helping patients.At the time when he lived,many people died of cholera.There were two theories 2 how cholera killed people,however,John Snow suspected the one thinking people absorbed the disease into their bod
14、ies with meals was correct but he needed evidence.In 1854 he found that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that over 500 people 3 to cholera died in a short time.He did the research and concluded that the water in the streets was to blame.People were 4 not to drink 5 water
15、any more.Finally,cholera was 6 . 【观察思考】(1) 5 water 与 people 3 to cholera 这两个答案有什么区别? (2)two theories 2 how cholera killed people 与 people 3 to cholera 这两个答案有什么区别? (3)become 1 ;be 4/6 这两个答案有什么区别? Step 2:过去分词作定语【观察思考】a lost animal 一只迷路的动物 a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票an injured finger 一根受伤的手指 a broken coin 一枚破
16、损的硬币a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛(1)So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(2)He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.(3)The water companies were instructed not to expose people to pollu
17、ted water any more.【归纳总结】单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有 和 的意义,常放在被修饰词的 。 【注意】(1)过去分词作定语时,有时只有被动意义spoken English 英语口语 written exercises 书面练习(2)少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳the advanced countries 发达国家 a drunken man 一个醉鬼a returned student 一名归国留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师an escaped
18、 prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯 by-gone days 过去的岁月【观察思考】(1)He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (2)He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 【归纳总结】过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修 饰的名词 ,表示 和/或 意义 。其意义相当于一个 从句,但较从句简洁 ,多用于书面语中。 Step 3:过去分词作表语【观察
19、思考】The cup is broken.茶杯破了。(茶杯的 ) He looked worried after reading the letters.看完信后,他显得很忧虑.(他的 / )【归纳总结】过去分词作表语主要表示主语的 或 等。 【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱,主要表示动作的完成和状态 ,此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者 ,后面常跟 by 短语。例子:(1)The glass was broken.表示 The glass was broken by Tom.表示 (2)The windo
20、ws are closed.表示 The windows are closed by Jack.表示 3.表示 “感觉流露 ”的一些过去分词 (如: interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如 dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语, 表示状态。其中有些仅表示状态, 没有被动意味。(1)How did the audience receive the new play?They got very excited.(2)How did Bob do in the exams this t
21、ime?Well,his father seems pleased with his results.(3)She was very disappointed to hear the result.(4)Hes quite experienced in teaching beginners.短语积累准备好做某事 致力于,专心于 决心做 担心 关心/担心 专注于 与相联系 面对 专心致志于 Step 4:过去分词与现在分词的区别【观察思考】(1)falling leaves/boiling water/developing country (2)fallen leaves/boiled wate
22、r/developed country (3)I am interested in the book.(4)The book is interesting.【归纳总结】过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别现在分 词具有 和 之意; 过去分词具有 和 之意。 作表语的区别现在分词具有 之意; 过去分词具有 之意。 课堂练习Step 1:用以下单词的正确形式填空,每个单词仅用一次worry,interest,arrive,frighten,continue,concern1.Ill be to hear what he has to say. 2.The mayor said that he was a
23、bout the rise of the water level in the river bed. 3.Recently soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood. 4.Most of the newspaper seems to be with pop stars. 5.He was of going alone into the empty house. Step 2:Crying marriage?It is 1 (surprise),isnt it?Actually,the custom
24、 of crying marriage which 2 (exist) a long time ago in many areas of Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province, 3 (remain) in fashion 4 the end of the Qing Dynasty.Though not so popular as before,the custom is still 5 (observe) by people in many places,especially Tujia people,who 6 (view ) it as a necessity
25、 to marriage procedure. It is very much the same in different places of the province.According to elderly people,every bride had to cry at the wedding. 7 ,the brides neighbors would look down upon her as a poorly 8 ( cultivate) girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village.In fact,there
26、 were cases in which the bride was 9 ( beat) by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony. In a word,crying at wedding is a way by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words.However,in the 10 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China,there were indeed q
27、uite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life. Step 3:利用上述段落完成下面的练习(1)将本段第 2 个空所在的定语从句改为合适的分词, 并保持句子其他成分不变。(2) 根据原文意思完成句子。In fact,there were cases of brides by their mothers for not crying at the wedding ceremony. 课后作业1.Master what we have learned to
28、day.2.Tidy the mistaken exercises in the paper.参考答案学习过程Step 11.inspired 2.explaining 3 .exposed 4.instructed 5.polluted 6.defeated观察思考:(1)polluted water 过去分词放在名词之前, people exposed to cholera 过去分词短语放在名词之后。(2)explaining 与 exposed,分别是现在分词与过去分词, 一个表示主动,一个表示被动、完成。(3)become inspired 过去分词作表语,be instructed/
29、defeated 为被动结构。Step 2【归纳总结】 被动 完成 前面【归纳总结】 之后 被动 完成 定语Step 3【观察思考】 状态 感觉/感情【归纳总结】 状态 思想感情【注意】(1)状态 被动 (2)状态 被动 be prepared to do be devoted to doing be determined to do be worried about be concerned about be absorbed in doing/sth. be linked to be faced with be buried inStep 4【归纳总结】 主动 正在进行 被动 完成令人 感
30、觉课堂练习Step 11.interested 2.worried;continuing 3.arriving 4.concerned 5.frightenedStep 21.surprising 2.existed 3 .remained 4.until/till 5.observed 6.view 7.Otherwise 8.cultivated 9.beaten 10.arrangedStep 3(1)Actually,the custom of crying marriage existing a long time ago in many areas of Southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,remained in fashion till the end of the Qing Dynasty.(2)beaten