1、Period 4 语法专题课学习目标1.Remember the three principles.2.Use collective nouns correctly by understanding their meanings in certain situations.感受新知一、语法一致原则1.当主语由 and 连接时,如果表示同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数形式,此时 and 后面的名词前无冠词;如果表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数形式 ,此时 and 后面的名词前有冠词。(1)The worker and writer (be) from Wuhan. (2)The worker
2、and the writer (be) from Beijing. (3)A knife and fork used to have meals. (4)The singer and dancer on the stage. (5)The League secretary and monitor asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday. A.is B.wasC.are D.were2.动词不定式(短语),动词- ing(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。(1)Going out for a walk after supper
3、(be) a good habit. (2)Whether well go (depend) on the weather. 3.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing 等作主语 ,谓语动词用单数形式。(1)Something (has,have) gone wrong with my watch. (2)Anybody who (break,breaks) the rule will be punished. 4.倒装句中的语法一致。
4、(1)Two pictures on the wall,which attract many people. (2)On the wall two pictures,which attract many people. (3)Their teacher among the students,who is in her thirties. (4)Among the students their teacher,who is in her thirties. 5.由分数或百分数+名词作主语时,谓语动词的形式与 of 后面的名词的数一致,即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词 ,谓语动词用单数形
5、式,分数或百分数+of+复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。(1)Ten percent of the pupils absent today. (2)Three-fourths of the surface of the earth sea. 【尝试运用】(1)Reading English newspapers and magazines helpful to our study of English. (2)Whether he comes or not of no matter. (3)To say one thing;to do another. (4)Listening,speaking
6、,reading and writing four skills for English study. (5)Where to find the plant and what to do with it still the problems to settle. 二、意义一致原则1.由集体名词,如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,audience,club,party,crew 等作主语时,如果看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员,谓语动词则用复数形式。(1)His family very large.
7、(2)His family music lovers. (3)The group made up of nine students. (4)The group dancing happily. (5)The team some good players. (6)The team handsome. 【尝试运用】(1)The research group (is,are) made up of five people. (2)What (do,does) the group want for their lunch? (3)Our family (is,are) not poor any mor
8、e. (4)The class (is,are) more than forty in number. (5)The class (have,has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. (6)The government (has,have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees. (7)The city government (has,have) different opinions about next years
9、plan. (8)The police (is,are) searching for the thief. 2.代词作主语。(1)Neither dog (is,are) big. (2)Neither of them ( is,are) big. (3)Neither rabbit (is,are ) handsome. (4)Neither of the rabbits (is,are) handsome. 3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式。(1)Two years passed since I left Ningbo. (2)One mi
10、llion dollars a great sum of money. 4.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如 news,maths,physics,the United States 等作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。(1)Every means been tried since then. A.hasB.haveC.areD.is (2)No news (is,are)good news. (3)Maths (is,are)the subject that I like most. 5.the+adj.作主语。the+adj.,表示一类人,谓语动词用复数形式,如 th
11、e old,the young,the rich,the poor。the+adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物,谓语动词用单数形式 ,如 the beautiful,the good。(1)The old taken good care of in our society. (2)The rich for the decision but the poor are against it. (3)The wounded a young boy. (4)The beautiful not always the same as the good. 三、就近一致原则(1)Not only he bu
12、t also I (be)invited. (2)Neither my gloves nor my hat (go) with the dress. 由 or,either.or,neither.nor,not only.but also 等连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和靠近它的主语在单复数上保持一致。注意:主语+with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/among/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than+名词,谓语和主语在单复数上保持一致。(3)The teacher with
13、 a number of students (be) in the classroom. 巩固运用.用括号内动词的适当形式填空1.He and I (be) both students of this school. 2.Both parties (have) their own advantages. 3.Her job (have) something to do with computers. 4.They (have) not come yet. 5.There (be) a desk in the room. 6.There (be) no chairs in it. .单句改错:1
14、.Physics are a very interesting subject.2.The pair of shoes are worn out.3.Half of the students has finished their composition.4.The number of students in your class are 50.5.The cattle is eating grass on the hill.参考答案感受新知一、语法一致原则1.(1)is (2)are (3)is (4)is (5)B2.(1)is (2)depends3.(1)has (2)breaks4.(
15、1)are (2)are (3)stands (4)stands5.(1)are (2)is尝试运用(1)is (2)is (3)is;is (4)are (5)are二、意义一致原则1.(1)is (2)are (3)is (4)are (5)has (6)are尝试运用(1)is (2)do (3)is (4)is (5)have (6)has (7)have (8)are2.(1)is (2)is/are (3)is (4)is/are3.(1)has (2)is 4.(1)A (2)is (3)is5.(1)are (2)are (3)was (4)is三、就近一致原则(1)am (2)goes (3)is巩固运用.1.are 2.have 3.has 4.have 5.is 6.are.1.areis 2.areis 3.hashave 4.areis 5.isare