1、Unit 2 English around the worldPeriod 3 知识讲练课Step 1 Oral check:Filling in the blanks according to what you have learned.All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.The English spoken between AD 450 and 1150 was quite 1) from that spoken today.2) ,it was based more on German than
2、the English we speak at present.Later,it became more like French.One big change in English 3) happened when The American Dictionary of the English Language,which gave American English its own 4) ,came 5) .Now India has a very large number of English speakers.This is because English became the langua
3、ge for 6) and education during 1765 to 1947,when Britain ruled India.English is also spoken in many other countries in Africa and Asia,such 7) South Africa,Singapore and Malaysia.The number of people learning English in China is also 8) rapidly. Today we hear people speak English on TV and the radio
4、.There is no such a thing as 9) English.When people from all over the world use words and expressions different from “standard English”,it is called a 10) .Geography also plays an important part in creating dialects.Although there are many differences,people have little difficulty in understanding e
5、ach other. Step 2 Words and expressions1.Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? 你知道有不止一种英语吗?【观察思考】1)She stayed in Paris for more than a year.她在巴黎待了一年多。2)More than one student has said so.不止一个学生这么说。3)Both of us are much more than workmates.We are close friends.我们俩不止是同事,我们还是知心朋友。4)He
6、 is more than glad to see me.他非常高兴见到我。 5)The beauty of nature is more than I can describe.大自然之美是我难以描绘出来的。more than+数词,表示“多于,超过”,相当于 over。more than one+ 可数名词单数 ,表示“不止一个”,作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。more than +名词 ,意为“ 不只是 ,不仅仅”。more than + 形容词 /副词/分词 /动词,意思是“很,非常”。 more than + 句子 (句子常含 can/could),意为“非所能的,难以的”。【尝试
7、运用】填入适当的词,使下面的句子完整。1)More than one girl (hold)such a view in the school. 2)It is hard to concentrate like that for ( 半个多小时). 3)Her speech was ( 非常)good.It was perfect. 4)Do you need any help,Lucy?Yes.The job is (超过)I could do myself. 【词组串记】no more than 仅仅not more than 不超过,至多not more . than 没有那样more.
8、 than 与其,不如less than 少于no less than 不少于,多达better than 好于 ,胜过rather than 而不是 other than 除了【高考链接】(2009浙江高考) It took building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses.It took brains,too. A.other than B.more thanC.rather than D.less than 2. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures
9、 meet and communicate with each other.事实上,当不同的文化相互交流渗透时 ,所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。 【观察思考】1)I dont actually remember it.其实我不记得那件事了。2)They are not married,actually.他们实际上没有结婚。3)He is actually fifty years old.他竟然五十岁了。3)Actually,Im busy at the momentcan I call you back later?说实在的,我这会儿正忙可以过一会给你回电话吗?actually 副词,表
10、示“实际上;(礼貌地纠正他人 )事实上;居然,竟然; 说实在地” 等意义。actual 形容词,真实的,实际的actuality 名词,真实,实际【尝试运用】用 actually 的适当形式完成下面的句子。1) ,China may have the largest number of English learners. 2)Can you give me an example? 3)She looks younger than me,but in fact,she is much older. 4)The food was not all that expensive. 【词组串记】in a
11、ctual factas a matter of factin reality/ fact/ truth以上词组都意为“事实上,实际上”,与 actually 同义。3.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。【观察思考】1)At present,he is on holiday.目前, 他正在度假。2)I cant remember her name for the present.我一时想不起她的名字来了。3)What can we get h
12、im as a birthday present? 我送他什么生日礼物好呢?4)Three hundred guests were present at the ceremony.300 位客人出席了典礼。5)The headmaster presented a medal to each winner.校长向每位获胜者颁发了奖牌。at present=at the present time 意为“目前,现在 ”。for the present 意为“暂时,一时”。present 用作名词,意为“礼物”,与 gift 同义。present 用作形容词,表示“到场的,出席的”,与 absent
13、反义。present 用作动词,表示“把交给; 颁发”。【尝试运用】1)In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiment,a student should his findings in logical order and clear language. A.furnish B.propose C.raise D.present2)The major will personally the gold medals the winning athletes at the sports meeting. A.present;by B.
14、present;withC.present;to D.present;for3) today sure to be praised. A.The present people;are B.Those present;isC.Those present;are D.Present those;is【巧记词义】The boy present at the meeting was considering asking his father for a book on the present tense as a birthday present.出席会议的那个男孩正考虑向他的爸爸要一本关于现在时态的
15、书作为生日礼物。 4.So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到 17 世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。 【观察思考】 1)We must make use of every minute to study.我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。2)You should make good use of the chance.你应该好好利用这次机会。3)You can make any use of it if you like.这个你可以任意使用。m
16、ake use of 利用,使用make the best of (指对不利的条件等)充分利用make the most of 充分利用(有用的条件)make good use of 充分利用【词组串记】take advantage of 利用的机会; 钻的空子;占便宜seize on 抓住;利用“动词+名词+介词”短语catch sigh of 看见 take pride in 以而自豪 make way for 让路给 make sense of 理解,弄懂 take care of 找过,照料【尝试运用】1)She wondered uneasily what use she would
17、 this opportunity. A.made B.make aboutC.make for D.make of2)The manager of the company told us that very little was made of the waste materials in the past. A.cost B.value C.use D.matter3)The patient should be outside (make)the most of the sunshine. 4)The money collected should be made good use (hel
18、p)the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthquake. 5.Can you find the following command and request from Reading? 你能从“阅读”部分找出下列“命令”和“请求”吗?【观察思考】 1)The officer is fond of giving commands.这位长官喜欢发号司令。2)Who will take the command of the army? 谁来统率这支军队?3)My father has a good command of computer.
19、我爸爸精通电脑。4)He commanded his men to retreat.=He commanded that his men (should)retreat.他命令手下撤退。5)The troops were commanded by General Haig.这些部队由黑格将军统率。command 用作动词,表示“命令,指挥”,用作名词,意为“命令;控制;掌握,运用能力”。作“命令”讲且后接宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句时,从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should + do”,should 可以省略。【词组串记】at sb.s command 听从某人吩咐 ;运用自
20、如be in command of sb.在某人控制下give a command 发布命令have a good command of 精通take the command of 统率,指挥under sb.s command 在某人指挥之下【尝试运用】1)Applicants will be expected to have of English. A.a good command;speak B.a good command;spoken C.good commands;speaking D.good commands;spoken2)He commanded that all the
21、gates . A.should shut B.would be shutC.shut D.be shut【观察思考】1)Li Ming made a request for a computer from his parents.李明向他父母要了一台电脑。2)My request is that we (should)help each other.我的请求是我们应该互相帮助。3)The workers who are on strike request a rise in the salary.正在罢工的工人们要求涨工资。4)Visitors are requested not to to
22、uch the exhibits.参观者请勿触摸展品。5)She requested a cell phone from her boyfriend.她向男友要了一部手机。6)The teacher requested that we (should) come an hour earlier.老师要求我们早来一小时。request 用作名词时 ,表示“ 要求;请求;请求的事物”,用作动词时,表示“要求,请求”,或“向某人要某物”, 其后从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用”should+ do”,should 可以省略。【尝试运用】1)I requested him (help)me. 2)Dont
23、 respond to any e-mails (request)personal information,no matter how official they look. 3)It is required that he (hand)in homework tomorrow morning. 4)He requested that they (sleep)at night. 5)She requested that no one (tell)of her decision. 【链接】后接名词性从句,从句须用虚拟语气的动词归纳:一个“坚持”(insist)两道“命令”(order,comma
24、nd)三条“建议”(suggest,propose,advise)四点“要求”(demand,desire,request,require)Step 3 Sentences we are going to learn:1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人 ,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以互相交流。【观察思考】1)Even if we have learned “even though”,we still f
25、ind it difficult to use.尽管我们学过“even though”,但我们发现运用它很难。2)He likes to help us even though he is very busy.尽管他很忙 ,他还是愿意帮我们。even if=even though:in spite of the fact;no matter whether, 意为“ 即使,尽管”。引导让步状语从句。【尝试运用】1) ( 即使)you dont like wine,try a glass of this. 2)Look at the clouds!Dont worry. it rains,wel
26、l still have a great time. A.Even if B.As though C.In case D.If only3)Tim is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise. A.if B.even though C.unless D.as long as 2.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你,(世界上) 没有什么标准英语。【观察思考】1)There is no such thing as a free lun
27、ch.世上没有免费午餐这样的好事。2)He said he didnt have time or made some such excuse.他说他没时间和别的诸如此类的借口。3)She did no such thing! 她没做那种事!4)You cant finish the work in such a short time.你无法在这么短的时间内完成那份工作。5)I am not such a fool as to believe that.我不会傻到去相信那件事。such 用作形容词,表示“这样的,这种的,如此的”, 修饰名词时,常放在no,all,another,many,muc
28、h,a few,one,several 的后面;当表示 “如此以至于”时,排列顺序为:such + 形容词+ a/ an + 可数名词 + that.such + 形容词+ 不可数名词+ that.such + 形容词+ 复数名词+ that.such is/ was .thatsuch (+ 名词)as to do 【尝试运用】1)There are (很多这样的人 )in the world. 2)Tom showed (不太大的兴趣 )in his lessons that he almost failed. 3)The crowd made ( 吵闹 )that I could har
29、dly make myself heard. 4)Its (多么好的天啊 )! 5)My English teachers humor was make every student burst into laughter. A.so as to B.such as toC.such that D.so that3.Although many Americans move a lot,they still recognize and understand each others dialects.虽然许多美国人经常迁徙 ,但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。【观察思考】1)Although/T
30、hough he is poor,he is well contented.虽然他很穷,但他很满足。2)Although he hadnt stopped working all day,yet he wasnt tired.虽然他整体不停地工作,可是他并不疲倦。3)Although old,he still jogs every day.尽管年老,但他每天仍慢跑。although/ though 表示“虽然,尽管”, 引导状语从句,不和 but 连用,但可以和副词still,yet 连用。although 可用于句首或句中,但不能单独使用;although 不可以当副词单独用于词尾,但 th
31、ough 可以,尤用于句末补充说明 ,表示“ 不过,可是,然而”;though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词、助动词后的动词原形移至句首,此用法同 as),也可以不倒装。如:1)Our team lost.It was a good game though.我们队输了,可是这也不失为一场好比赛。2)Have you ever been to Australia?No.Id like to,though.你去过澳大利亚吗?没有,但是我很想去。3)Young though/ as he was,he knew a lot.虽然他还年轻,但他懂得很多。【高考链接】1)(2012
32、全国 )I dont believe weve met before, I must say you do look familiar. A.therefore B.althoughC.since D.unless2)(2011四川高考 )Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up. A.whether B.although C.for D.so3)(2009重庆高考 )Unsatisfied with the payment,he took the job just to get
33、some work experience. A.though was he B.though he wasC.he was though D.was he thoughStep 4 Homework1.Go over the words and expressions as well as sentence structures we have learned today.2.Translate the sentences into English,paying attention to the usages of the words and phrases.1)他要求将一切告诉他。(dema
34、nd)2)简苍白的脸色表明她生病了,她父母建议她做体检。(suggest)3)即使你没有成功,他们也将帮助你。 (even if)4)虽然雨下得很大,他们继续踢足球。 (although/ though)5)他送了一块金表给我。(present)3.Preview the Grammardirect speech & indirect speech参考答案Step 11)different 2)Actually 3)usage 4)identity 5)out 6)government 7)as 8)increasing 9)standard 10)dialectStep 21.【尝试运用】1
35、)holds 2)more than half an hour 3)more than 4)more than【高考链接】B 本题考查短语辨析。 more than 不仅仅,符合题意。2.【尝试运用】1)Actually 2)actual 3)actual 4)actually3.【尝试运用】1)D 2)C 3)C4.【尝试运用】1)D 2)C 3)to make 4)of to help5.【尝试运用】1)B 2)D【尝试运用】1)to help 2)requesting 3)(should)hand 4)(should) sleep 5)(should)be toldStep 31.【尝试
36、运用】1)Even if/ though 2)A 3)B2.【尝试运用】1)many such persons 2)such little interest 3)such a noise 4)such a fine/ beautiful day 5)B3.【高考链接】1)B 2)B 3)BStep 42.1)He demanded that everything should be told to him.2)Janes pale face suggested that she was ill and her parents suggested that she should take a medical examination.3)They will stand by you even if you dont succeed.4)Although it was raining hard,yet they went on playing football.5)He presented a gold watch to me.