1、Section Grammar基础题 单句写作1He was so busy yesterday that _ (直到很晚) at night that he finished his work.答案：it was not until late2_ (三天后他才) he makes a decision.答案：It will be three days before3_ (是什么原因让) so many people think that being perfect is the way to go?答案：Why is it that4_ (想得很周到) Michael to inform u
2、s of his delay in case we got worried.答案：It was considerate of5It was not just the size of the party last night but _ (正是它对于我们公司的意义) made it unique.答案：what it meant to our company that6Is this the second time _ (你去广州吗) Guangzhou?答案：that you have been to7_ (似乎很遗憾) to give up now.答案：It seems a pity8Yo
3、u can _ (指望) he can help you.答案：depend on it that9Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _ (他的音乐天赋被充分认可)答案：that his musical gift was fully recognized10It was the middle of the night _ (当我父亲叫醒我时) and told me to watch the football game. 答案：when my father woke me up 单句改错1New tec
4、hnologies have made that possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost._答案：thatit2I cant quite remember when was that you started doing the work._答案：was 前加 it3That was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty._答案：That It4It was the culture，rather t
5、han the language，which made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad._答案：which that5It is high time that we get started._答案：we 后加 should 或 getgot能力题 阅读理解A(2019浙江省 “超级全能生”联考)The bristlecone pine is the longestliving thing on the earth. These trees，with their strangelyshaped，windbeaten l
6、imbs (枝干), can live up to 5,000 years. But experts worry that a warming climate in some areas may threaten its future.Researchers say warmer weather is permitting a similar kind of tree, the limber pine, to take over good growing places from the ancient bristlecone. They say the_tree_is_being_crowde
7、d_out_of_mountainous_areas_where_it_grows.“The bristlecone pine is the oldest individually growing organism， ” researchers say. They grow in high mountain forests in eastern California, Nevada and Utah. In those mountains， the trees face high winds and extreme temperatures, which leave them with twi
8、sted limbs and shapes. “Even in such tough conditions， ” Brian Smithers, a researcher at the University of California, said, “the limber pine is taking all the good spots.”The limber pine is the bristlecones distant relative and competitor. It can also live a long timeup to 2,000 years. And it is us
9、ually found at lower altitudes，where temperatures are warmer. However, according to a threeyear study which centered on trees that have started growing in the last 50 years in Californias White Mountains, most of the trees growing at higher altitudes were limber pines.Scientists compared the competi
10、ng species to two old men in a very slow race up a mountainside. This race between such slowgrowing trees takes thousands of years. They say climate change is causing the competition.Smithers said the bristlecone pines are not in danger of disappearing. But he assumes they could be crowded out of so
11、me places where they have grown for thousands of years.The researchers say the findings show how climate change can affect the two kinds of trees. The information, they say, can help scientists understand more complex forests.1Whats the function of Paragraph 1?ATo introduce a topic.BTo summarize the
12、 whole passage.CTo describe the appearance of a tree.DTo praise the hard work of the experts.答案：A 推理判断题。由第一段内容可知，狐尾松是在地球上生活最长久的植物，它具有奇怪的外形，被风吹歪的树干，它最长可以活 5,000 年。但是专家担心一些地区的气候变暖可能会威胁它的未来。由此可知，第一段的作用是引出话题。故 A 项正确。2What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?AThere will be older trees sent o
13、ut of those mountains.BThere will be more places covered with bristlecone pines.CThere will be better limber pines replacing the ancient ones.DThere will be fewer bristlecone pines growing in those areas.答案：D 词义猜测题。由画线句子前面的“the limber pine，to take over good growing places from the ancient bristlecon
14、e”可知，柔枝松逐渐抢占狐尾松的生长地。因此，画线句子的意思就很明确了，狐尾松正在被挤出它们生长的山区，将会有更少的狐尾松在这里生长。故 D 项正确 。3According to the passage, the reason why limber pines can grow at higher altitudes is _.Athe high windsBthe difficult conditionsCthe changing climateDthe extreme temperatures答案：C 细节理解题。由第五段中的“This race . causing the competi
15、tion.”和倒数第一段中的“The researchers say the findings show how climate change can affect the two kinds of trees.”可知，天气变化影响树木，导致了树木之间的竞争，竞争过程对于生长缓慢的树木来说会持续几千年。故 C 项正确。4What is the researchers attitude towards the future of the bristlecone pine?APositive. BConcerned.CEnthusiastic. DIndifferent.答案：B 观点态度题。由整
16、个短文可知，气候变暖使得柔枝松逐渐抢占狐尾松的生长地。狐尾松生活在更高海拔的地区。Smithers 认为狐尾松没有处于灭绝的境地，但几千年以后有可能被挤出生存地区。故 B 项正确。B(2018河南省中原名校预测)From the loss of wildlife to rising sea levels, were all well aware of the problems that climate change could cause.But while it may seem like such issues wont affect most of us directly, it loo
17、ks like future generations could grow up without something that many of us now take for granted: chocolate.According to an essay published by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, changes to the climate in the regions that produce cacaothe plant from which chocolate is producedmay
18、mean that it will soon become extinct.Most of the worlds cacao grows in countries close to the equator, with over half of it growing in the African nations of Ghana and Ivory Coast.Its predicted that by 2050, climate change will have accelerated the rate at which temperatures in these countries rise
19、, making it extremely difficult for cacao to grow there.The problem doesnt lie in increased heat, however, but in lower humidity (湿度), as its believed that rainfall will stay at the same level if the temperature rises.“In other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants,
20、 its unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offset the moisture (含水量) loss， ” Michon Scott, the essays author, wrote.To help fight this problem, researchers from Berkeley University in the US are working on changing the DNA of cacao plants to allow them to survive in dryer conditions by usin
21、g gene editing technology, according to US News.In the meantime, US company Mars, one of the worlds biggest manufacturers of chocolate products, announced in January that it would spend $1 billion to help reduce the effects of climate change.“This is a world issue, and it requires everyone to work t
22、ogether， ” Mars spokesperson Barry Parkin told Business Insider.The message here is that if we all do our part, we may be able to prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change. Or if were unlucky, chocolate will become a thing of the past.5What could make it hard for cacao to survive around th
23、e equator in the future?AThe increased heat there.BThe higher humidity there.CThe decrease in rainfall there.DThe moisture loss in the soil there.答案：D 细节理解题。由第七段“In other words, as higher temperatures squeeze more water out of soil and plants, its unlikely that rainfall will increase enough to offse
24、t the moisture (含水量) loss， Michon Scott, the essays author, wrote.”可知，未来赤道附近的可可树很难存活，是因为那里土壤中水分的流失，选 D。6What does the underlined word “offset” in the seventh paragraph mean?Ahold back Bmake up forCprotect Daccept答案：B 词义猜测题。由第七段中的“In other words . offset the moisture (含水量 ) loss”可知，高温带走了土壤和植物中更多的水分，降
25、雨量不可能增长到足以抵消水分流失的水平，所以“offset”的意思是弥补，抵消，故选 B。7What will US company Mars do to help cacao survive?AIt will work hard to plant cacao in greenhouses.BIt will apply gene editing technology in planting cacao.CIt will give financial support to help fight climate change.DIt will develop cacao that can surv
26、ive in dryer conditions.答案：C 细节理解题。由倒数第三段“In the meantime . reduce the effects of climate change.”可知，美国的火星巧克力公司将为对抗气候变化提供资金援助，选 C。8What may be the best title of this text?AChocolate could become historyBWork together to fight climate changeCHow do we grow cacao in the future?DHow do cacao plants aff
27、ect climate change?答案：A 标题判断题。本文主要讲了未来由于气候的变化，给制造巧克力提供原料的可可树可能会灭绝，所以巧克力有可能会成为历史，故选 A。 语法填空(2019昆明市高三摸底调研测试)Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night _1_ (avoid) human beings, a new study finds.Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature. Many animals ma
28、y move around less or travel to far places to keep away _2_ people. By being awake at night, animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time _3_ (look) for food.The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can _4_ (fright) animals and cause them to bec
29、ome more active at night. _5_ had been studied were lions in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared _6_ (careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities, such as hunting and farming. _7_ was human activities that caused an increas
30、e of about 20 percent in nighttime activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results _8_ (publish) in the journal Science two months ago.The new findings are _9_ (usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before. Ecologist Marlee Tucker was _10_ (surprise) that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._5_ 6._ 7._ 8._9_ 10._答案：1.to avoid 2.from 3.looking 4.frighten 5.What6carefully 7.It 8.were published 9.unusual 10.surprised