1、Period Four Grammar Subjunctive Mood (1)感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题1If you could have three of these paintings on the walls of your classroom，which would you choose?2If you were an artist，what kind of pictures would you paint?3If the rules of perspective had not been discovered，no one would have been able to
2、paint such realistic pictures.4Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.5There are scores of modern art styles，but without the Impressionists，many of these painting styles might not exist.1在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词用一般过去时(
3、be 动词常用 were)表示与现在事实相反的情况，主句谓语则用“would/should/could/might动词原形 ”表示。( 如句 1、2、4 和 5)2在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词一般用过去完成时表示与过去事实可能不符的情况，主句则用“would/should/could/mighthave过去分词”表示。(如句 3)虚拟语气是英语考查的重点之一。虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其使用情况如下：一、虚拟语气在 if 条件从句中的用法if 条件从句 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式动词过去式(be 动词常用 were)would/should/
4、could/might动词原形表示与现在相反的情况 If we had enough money，we would buy a computer.如果我们有足够的钱，我们就会买台电脑。had过去分词would/should/could/mighthave过去分词表示与过去相反的情况If he had known your address yesterday，he would have visited you.如果他昨天知道你的地址，他就会拜访你了。should动词原形；were to动词原形；动词过去式(be 动词常用were)would/should/could/might动词原形表示与将来
5、相反的情况，是对将来的一种假设(发生的可能性不大)1.If it should rain tomorrow，we d stay at home.(下雨的可能性并不大)如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。2.If I were to meet Mary some day，I would tell her what has happened here.如果有一天我遇到玛丽，我就会告诉她这里发生的一切。3.If our train arrived on time，we would have time to visit your sister.如果我们的火车能按时到达，我们就有时间去看你妹妹。注意：1虚拟条
6、件句中有 had，should ，were 时，可将 if 去掉，把 had，should ，were 提到主语之前，即倒装结构，如：Were they here now，they could help us.如果现在他们在这里，他们就能帮助我们。Had I worked harder at school，I d have got a better job.如果我在学校学习更努力的话，就会找到一份更好的工作。Should he agree to go there，we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。2有时条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不
7、一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句。此时主、从句动词的形式应根据各自所表示的时间进行调整。If he had taken my advice then，he wouldnt be in trouble now.如果那时他听取了我的建议，现在他就不会有麻烦了。If she were to leave，I would have heard about it.如果她要走，我会听说的。3某些介词或介词短语，如 but for，without，副词或连词，如otherwise，however，or，but 等也可以表达一个暗含的虚拟的条件，这种情况下要仔细阅读上下文的语境。二、使用虚拟语气的其他情况1(1
8、)在 wish 后的宾语从句，表示现在的愿望，谓语常用过去时。I wish I knew his address.我要是知道他的地址就好了。I wish I were young.我要是年轻就好了。I wish I could swim.我要是会游泳就好了。(2)表示过去不能实现的愿望，并对此感到遗憾或后悔，谓语用过去完成时。I wish you had written to him.我希望你写信给他了。(3)表示将来的愿望，谓语用 would/could/might动词原形，实现的可能性较低，接近一种客气的请求。I wish you wouldnt smoke any more.我希望你不再
9、抽烟了。I wish he could come tomorrow.我希望他明天能来。2(1)if only 后的从句中，表示现在的愿望，谓语常用过去时。If only mother were here now!现在要是妈妈在这里就好了！(2) 表示过去不能实现的愿望，并对此感到遗憾或后悔，谓语用过去完成时。I have failed in the exam.If only I had followed your advice！我考试没及格。要是我听了你的建议就好了！(3)表示将来的愿望，谓语用 would/could/might动词原形。If only it would stop raini
10、ng！要是雨能停就好了！3在 would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语常用一般过去时表示现在或将来的情况；用过去完成时表示过去的情况。I would rather I hadnt been to such a place.我宁愿我没有去过那样一个地方。4在“It is (about/high) time(that) ”结构中，that 从句的谓语用过去式，有时也可用“should动词原形”形式， should 不能省略。It is high time that we fought/should fight against the haze.是我们该同雾霾开战的时候了。.单句语法填空1If
11、 we had caught(catch) the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.(2018天津 )2There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I had(have) a second chance to become more involved.(2018江苏)3If the new safety system had been put(put) to use，the accident would never have ha
12、ppened.(2017北京)4Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise，I wouldn t have been(not，be) able to reach her yesterday.(2017天津)5Were(be) it not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017江苏)6Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? If you had told(t
13、ell) me，I could have helped.(2016北京)7If it had not been(not，be) for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.(2016江苏)8I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one，I would have been injured(injure).(2016天津)9Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway wouldnt have written(not，write)
14、 his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015重庆)10I wish I had been(be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015天津).单句改错(仅有 1 处错误)If you me，would you talk to them ？(2015四川，短文改错)arewere.单句语法填空1If there should be/were(be) any change about the date，I would inf
15、orm you in time.2Had the weather been good，the twins would have gone(go) out for a walk.3My best friend is in trouble.If only I had(have) enough money to help her!4How I wish I had seen(see) her at the station，but I was too busy.5We arrived there on time.Otherwise we would have missed(miss) the earl
16、y bus.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )6If only I played computer games last night!haventhadnt7If it 或 this afternoon，the football match would be put off. should rainrained8If I a big boss，I would help the poor children in the world.waswere9I would rather I accepted his offer that day.haventhadnt10He wishes his so
17、n become a famous doctor someday.willwould.完成句子11If only I could invent a powerful robot !要是我能发明一个强大的机器人就好了！12I wish I could/would go to the moon in a spaceship one day.我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飞船登上月球。13If he hadnt been late last night，he would have grasped the chance.如果他昨晚没有迟到，他就会抓住这次机会了。14Without exams，we woul
18、d live a much easier life now.要是没有考试，现在我们会过着一种轻松很多的生活。15He would rather he hadn t shouted at his son that day.他宁愿那天没有对儿子大喊大叫。基础巩固.单句语法填空1But for your help，we would have failed(fail) the exam.2If you had worked carefully，you wouldnt have made (not，make) so many mistakes.3If he were(be) here this afte
19、rnoon I would go with him.4If it were to rain tomorrow，the match would be postponed(postpone)5Its (high) time we did/should do(do) our homework.6The play was over.If only you had come(come) a few minutes earlier!7Without air，there would be(be) no living things.8Had(have) he been more careful，the mis
20、take would not have been made.9This watch has gone wrong.I wish I had bought(buy) a better one.10Dont come tomorrow.Id rather you came(come) next week.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11If I more time now，I would learn another foreign language.havehad12I would rather he the wall red next time.paintspainted13If it
21、not been for the doctors timely operation that day，he would have died.hashad14I wish I had a chance to talk to you last night，but you left so early. had15If you hadnt seen that film late last night，you not be so sleepy willwould/could/should/mightnow.16They were abroad during the months when we were
22、 carrying out the investigation，or they would come to our help. have17If I paid him more money for it then，he would have felt satisfied with the deal. had(2018山东菏泽期末)18He very busy last week，or he would have helped you with your experiment.werewas.句型转换19If I had studied science instead of literature
23、 then，I would have been able to give you more help. Had I studied science instead of literature then， I would have been able to give you more help.(倒 装 )20If it hadnt been for the teachers help，I wouldnt have made so much progress.Without/But for/Had it not been for the teachers help，I wouldnt have
24、made so much progress.21If he had studied hard last term，he would have passed the exam.He would have passed the exam，but he didnt study hard last term.22If I were to do the work ， I should do it in a different way.Were I to do the work，I should do it in a different way.(倒装)23If I had known she was a
25、 liar，I wouldnt have believed her.I didnt know she was a liar，or else/otherwise/or I wouldnt have believed her.能力提升.阅读理解A water lily painting，Water Lily Pond，by Claude Monet，the French impressionist artist，was sold for more than 80 million on Tuesday，breaking the auction(拍卖) record for himself.Water
26、 Lily Pond was part of a fourwork collection of water lily paintings that Monet put up for sale during his lifetime.The four paintings of Monets water lily garden were signed and dated by the artist in 1919.One of the other paintings is at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York，while another was
27、 sold at auction in 1992 for 12.1 million and is in a private collection now.The final painting in the series was cut into two before World War .“After a fierce bidding battle between a number of buyers in the room and on the telephone，the painting finally was sold to a collector for 80.4 million，se
28、tting a new world record price for the artist at auction， ”said Olivier Camu，a scholar of impressionist art.The last record for a Monet work was set in May when Le Pont du Chemin de fer a Argenteuil was sold for 41.4 million.The painting sold on Tuesday was bought at a 1971 New York auction for 320,
29、000.It has not been exhibited since then.Monets later works had unique characteristics，especially Les Grandes Decorations，another good example，which was bedded in Musee de I Orangerie in Paris five months after Monets death in 1926.Monet created his water lily garden in Giverny，France.He selected di
30、fferent water lilies in an effort to get as many different colored flowers as possible，specially creating the garden as a base for his paintings.语篇解读 本文是一篇报道。法国印象派画家莫奈创作于 1919 年的作品睡莲池 Water Lily Pond 被拍出了 8 040 万美元的高价，创造了其作品拍卖价格的最高纪录。24According to the passage，Water Lily Pond broke the last record f
31、or Monets paintings by .A. 12 million B. 39 millionC. 41.4 million D. 0.32 million答案 B解析 数字计算题。根据第三段中的“the painting finally was sold to a collector for 80.4 million”和第四段中的“for 41.4 million”可知，二者差价为 39 million。25What can we learn about Water Lily Pond?AIt was once auctioned in America.BIt was cut int
32、o halves before World War .CIt had been kept in New York for over 40 years.DIt was once put in Musee de I Orangerie.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The painting sold on Tuesday was bought at a 1971 New York auction for 320,000.”可知，它曾经在美国被拍卖。26What does Olivier Camu think of the auction?AExciting. BInspiring.CD
33、isappointing. DFrightening.答案 A解析 观点态度题。根据第三段中的“After a fierce bidding battle between.record price for the artist at auction”可知，拍卖的场面是“令人激动的” 。27What would be the best title for the passage?AMonet and His Water Lily PaintingsBMoneta Great Impressionist ArtistCMonets Garden and Its CharacteristicsDWa
34、ter Lily PondMonets Bestknown Painting答案 A解析 标题归纳题。本文讲述了法国印象派画家莫奈创作于 1919 年的作品睡莲池(Water Lily Pond)被拍出了 8 040 万美元的高价，创造了其作品拍卖价格的最高纪录。故 A项“莫奈和他的睡莲画”作标题最合适。.完形填空The song that has meant the most to me since I was the age of five，watching the movie Space Jam，is called “I Believe I Can Fly” by RKelly.Ever
35、y time I listen to the song，it 28 me that as long as I believe，I can be or do 29 I want in life even with a disability.I didnt know much of what the song 30 a long time ago but as I grew older，I still loved the song and started to listen to the 31 more and more.Every time I listen to it，I think abou
36、t all the obstacles I have 32 .When I was little，I had to 33 a wheelchair because I have a disability.The doctors told my mother I had a slim 34 of ever walking but I was 35 to walk because I disliked that wheelchair.I knew that I had to believe in myself to 36 my goal to walk someday.One day the do
37、ctor told my mother that he could make a(n) 37 that would help me walk. 38 when I was seven and onehalf，I had my first surgery.I 39 the cast because it was a half body cast，with a bar in the middle of my legs.I was a very 40 kid so being in a bed for six weeks，not being able to move，I felt horrible.
38、I knew after all the 41 and the crying it would be worth 42 it in the long run.43 ，at the age of eight，I got my cast off.I felt free when I finally 44 all the therapy(治疗) and learned how to 45 .The song 46 ， “I see me running through that open door.” Thats what I felt like.Like the song says， “There
39、 are miracles in life I must achieve，but first I know it starts inside of me，oh.” I am one of the 47 in life.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者被一首叫作“I Believe I Can Fly”的歌曲所鼓舞，勇敢地面对残疾，克服各种困难，最终能够行走的故事。28A.remembers BremindsCregards Dreflects答案 B解析 作者每次听这首歌，都提醒他只要他相信，他就能成为任何他想成为的人，做任何他想要做的事，即使身体有残疾。remind sb.that
40、 使某人想起，提醒某人，符合语境。29A.whoever BwhomeverCwhichever Dwhatever答案 D解析 whatever 任何事物，什么都可以，引导宾语从句并在从句中作 want 的宾语，符合文意。30A.meant Bexpected C suggested Dprovided答案 A解析 很久之前作者对这首歌是什么意思知道的不多。mean“意思是，本意是” ，符合语境。31A.voices BmeaningsCwords Drhythms答案 C解析 结合上下文可知，此处为随着年龄的增长，作者开始越来越多地听歌词，words 在此处意为“歌词” ，符合语境。32A
41、.suffered BexperiencedCencouraged Dovercome答案 D解 析 从 下 文 内 容 可 知 ， 作 者 曾 克 服 了 很 多 障 碍 ， 结 合 选 项 可 知 ， 应 用 overcome， 表示 “克 服 ”。33A.apply BuseCseat Doffer答案 B解析 因为残疾，作者不得不使用轮椅，故用 use。seat 后常接 oneself。34A.chance BoccasionCcondition Dadvantage答案 A解析 医生告诉作者的妈妈，作者能走路的希望很渺茫。slim 修饰 chance，指“机会渺茫，可能性很小” 。3
42、5A.encouraged BamazedCdetermined Dorganized答案 C解析 从空前的 but 和空后的 because 引导的原因状语从句的内容可以看出，此处是转折关系，因为不喜欢轮椅，作者下定决心去走路，所以用 determined。36A.accomplish BfinishCcomplete Dacquire答案 A解析 作者知道必须相信自己总有一天会达到学会走路的目标。accomplish 完成，取得，符合语境。37A.operation BperformanceCexperiment Darrangement答案 A解析 从空格后的“that would he
43、lp me walk”可推知，医生能为作者做一个有助于他行走的手术，make an operation“做手术” ，符合语境。下文的 surgery 也是提示。38A.While BButCOr DSo答案 D解析 分析上下文可知，此处应为因果关系。39A.enjoyed BdislikedCexpected Dvalued答案 B解析 从下文的叙述可知，作者不喜欢这个固定腿的模型。40A.generous BkindCactive Dpassive答案 C解 析 从 下 文 的 内 容 可 知 ， 作 者 觉 得 在 床 上 六 周 不 能 动 很 可 怕 是 因 为 他 是 一 个 活 泼
44、 好 动 的孩 子 。41A.pain BjoyCguilt Dembarrassment答案 A解析 从上文作者所经历的一切可知，pain“痛苦” ，符合语境。42A.fixing BwearingCadjusting Dmaking答案 D解 析 作 者 认 为 从 长 远 来 看 ， 在 经 历 这 么 多 的 痛 苦 和 泪 水 之 后 ， 自 己 所 做 的 这 一 切 都 是 值得 的 。43A.Finally BInstantlyCNormally DRegularly答案 A解析 从后面的“I got my cast off”可知，此处用 finally，表示“最后，终于”的意
45、思。44A.went on Bwent downCwent out Dwent through答案 D解析 从上下文可知，此处表示作者终于完成了全部治疗。go through 经历，完成，符合语境。go on 继续；go down 下沉，下降；go out 外出，熄灭。45A.live BwalkCthink Dcommunicate答案 B解析 从上文的“that would help me walk”可知，治疗结束后，应是学习如何行走。46A.speaks BsingsCsays Danswers答案 C解析 此处用 says，表示歌中唱到的内容，下文的 “Like the song sa
46、ys”也是提示。47A.successes BsurprisesCmiracles Dfailures答案 C解析 结合上一句中的“miracles ”可知，此处是作者说他自己是生命中的奇迹之一。.语法填空How Learning Habits Influence Learning ResultsIts useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”，which shows the 48 (important) of habit
47、s.“ 49 apple a day keeps the doctor away” also shows how a healthy living habit helps to build up our body.Therefore，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results， 50 (include) high scores and abundant(大量的) knowledge.Learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes towards the
48、content of our learning. 51 (obvious)，a good habit can help us reach our destinations more quickly. 52 we can see，developing a good habit 53 (be) so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit to youkeeping a learning diary every day.We can start the habit by 54 (write) learning summaries and recording something 55 (impress) and meaningful.Ke