1、Period Two Warm-up & Lesson 1 Stories from HistoryLanguage Points.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)1.biography n.传记2.fantasy n.想象(幻想)物3.victim n.受害者4.criteria n.(评判的)标准5.novelist n.(长篇 )小说家6.capsule n.胶囊；太空舱7.awesome adj.令人敬畏的8.architecture n.建筑9.authentic adj.原作的；真正的10.monument n.纪念碑，纪念堂.写出下列汉
2、语对应的英语单词(共 13 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 26 分)1.放弃，遗弃 vt.abandon被抛弃的 adj.abandoned2.保护，保存 vt.preserve保护，保存 n.preservation3.目击 v.witness4.发生 vi.occur5.颤抖，发抖 vi.tremble6.特别地；特定地 adv.particularly特别的 adj.particular7.遗失，丢失 n.loss丢失 vt.lose8.倒回 vi.& vt.rewind9.典型的 adj.characteristic特征 n.character10.聚集 vi.& vt.gather11
3、.悲伤，难过 n.sorrow悲伤的 adj.sorrowful12.同情 n.sympathy13.爆炸；冲，闯 vi.burst.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共 12 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 24 分)e into view 出现2.撞倒某人 knock sb.over 3.once upon a time 从前 4.堵住 block out 5.从某种程度上说 in a way6.侧身 on ones side 7.split up(使)解散；决裂 8.on the way to 在去的路上9.增加工资 pay rise 10.leave a deep impression o
4、n 给留下深刻印象11.dig out 挖掘12.be caught in 被困在.完成句子(共 5 小题；每小题 7 分，满分 35 分)1.Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.大约公元一世纪末，一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了他年轻时目睹的一场可怕的火山爆发的情景。2.Pliny described a cloud coming down t
5、he mountain，blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path，including whole villages and towns.普利尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。3.In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.在某种程度上，庞培古城就像一个“时间舱” ，保存了历史上一个被冻结了的瞬间。4.However，much more than buildin
6、gs and objects，it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的轮廓形象则更能使这座城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。5.Another man，lying on his side，looks as if he is trying to get up.躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。重点词汇It looked abandoned.它看
7、起来被遗弃了。?abandon vt.遗弃，放弃；中止，停止 n.U放纵，放任abandon oneself to 沉溺于abandon doing sth.放弃做某事with abandon 放任/放纵地，纵情abandoned adj .被抛弃的；放荡的；不受约束的助学图解(1)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.(2018全国)王收集了七百多万块不同年代的被废弃的砖。(2)The boy who had abandoned himself(he) to the computer gam
8、es didnt pass the exam.那位沉溺于电脑游戏的男孩没有通过考试。(3)My father is thinking about abandoning smoking(smoke) soon.我爸爸正在考虑不久后戒烟。(4)The fans were so excited that they waved their arms with abandon.那些粉丝非常兴奋，他们尽情地挥舞着手臂。一句多译(5)很多人沉迷于网络购物。Many people are addicted to shopping on the Internet.(addicted)Many people ab
9、andon themselves to shopping on the Internet.(abandon)Suddenly，the spaceship slowed down and immediately the system came into view.突然，太空飞船慢了下来，整个系统立刻进入我们的视线?come into view 出现，进入视野come into being 出现；产生；成立come into effect/force 生效come into existence 产生；形成come into power/office 上台，就职come into sight 进入视
10、野come into use 开始被使用，获得应用(1)An abandoned farm came into view as we turned the corner.我们一转弯就看到了一个废弃的农场。(2)Josie broke the law that first came into being in 1912.乔西违反了 1912 年设立的那条法规。(3)When will the new rules come into effect/force?这些新规什么时候生效？(4)Computers first came into use in the early 1950s.电脑最早于 2
11、0 世纪 50 年代初期开始被使用。单句改错(5)A new rule will be come into existence in this community.I remember the dog jumping up on me and knocking me over into the water.我记得那条狗跳起来扑向我，把我撞倒在水中。?knock sb.over 撞倒某人knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)knock into 撞上；偶然遇到knock sb./sth.over/down(驾车把某人)撞倒；推倒；拆除(建筑物)助学图解(1)Her son was knocked
12、 over/down by a car and was sent to a nearby hospital.她的儿子被车撞了，已被送往附近的医院。(2)We were having lunch when someone knocked at/on the door.我们正在吃午饭，这时有人敲门。单句改错(3)He was in such a hurry that he was knocked into another man.Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terr
13、ible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.大约公元一世纪末，一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了他年轻时目睹的一场可怕的火山爆发的情景。?witness v.目击；见证 n.目击者；证人witness Error!(a) witness to/of sth.的证人/ 证据(1)The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.(2018北京)这个茶馆见证了我们大家真正的快乐时光。(2)We have a witness to the killing.
14、我们有一位这起杀人案的目击者。(3)Are you prepared to witness to the honesty of your classmate?你准备为你同学的诚实作证吗？(4)His good health is a witness to/of the success of the treatment.他健康的身体状况证明这种疗法是成功的。单句改错(5)The driver witnessed having seen the man leaving the building. toThe eruption had occurred on August 24th，79 AD.火山
15、爆发发生在公元 79 年 8 月 24 日。?occur vi.发生；出现；存在；被想起 /到sth.occurs to sb.某事被某人( 突然) 想起It occurs to sb.that.某人(突然)想起It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事注意：occur 的过去式和过去分词都要双写 r 再加-ed，即：occurred，occurred。(1)As I looked at his face，something occurred to me.Those brown eyes were very familiar.(2018全国)看到他的脸，我想到了一些事情
16、。那双棕色的眼睛我非常熟悉。(2)It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit，to take a moment to see whats around them.(2018天津)他们从来没有想过闲逛一会儿，花点时间看看周围的事物。(3)It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.他突然想到他把钥匙落在办公室里了。单句改错(4)Something unexpected was occurred when he got home.Pliny described a
17、cloud coming down the mountain， blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path，including whole villages and towns.普利尼描述道，一团云自山巅而降，遮天蔽日，将所经之处的一切，包括一座座村庄和城镇统统吞没。?block out 堵住；挡住；遮住；忘掉；抹去block off (用路障)封锁；封闭；阻止；隔开；堵塞block up 阻挡；堵塞block sb.s way 挡住某人的去路(1)Over the years she had tried to block o
18、ut that part of her life.多年来她努力想把生命中的那一段经历从记忆中抹去。(2)My nose is blocked up with this cold.由于感冒，我的鼻子不通气。(3)At one point，huge piles of snow blocked his way.巨大的雪堆一度阻挡了他前进的道路。单句改错(4)The dirty curtain was hanging there out all the light.blockedblockingThis particularly sad event left a deep impression on
19、Pliny who had lost an uncle in the eruption.这场特别的灾难给普利尼留下深刻的印象，他的一位叔叔在灾难中丧生。?particularly adv.特别地，尤其particular adj.特别的；挑剔的in particular 特别地be particular about/over.对挑剔；对讲究(1)Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.(2018北京)愤怒是一种特别强烈的感情，或许人们认为
20、自己有理由生气。(2)She loves the song in particular，because her mother used to sing it.她特别喜爱那首歌，因为她的母亲过去经常唱。(3)She has already tried her best.Please dont be particular about/over her job.她已经尽力了，请不要挑剔她的工作。易混辨析 particularly，especially，speciallyparticularly ad v.特别地，尤其。强调特定地，个别地，与众不同地。especially ad v.特别地，主要地，突
21、出地。强调的是重要性，有“优越、好感”之意。specially adv.专门地，特殊地，特别地。强调的是事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。选词填空 particularly，especially，specially(4)He likes the country，particularly/especially in spring.(5)We came here specially to see you，our friend.(6)He is particularly good at mathematics.单句改错(7)It is not surprising that young peo
22、ple are likely to burst out， when there are particularparticularlyreasons to do so.In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.在某种程度上，庞培古城就像一个“时间舱” ，保存了历史上一个被冻结了的瞬间。?in a way 从某种程度上说in some ways/in one way 从某种程度上说in the/sb.s way 挡某人的道，妨碍某人in this/that way 这/ 那样，用这
23、/ 那种方法in no way 决不( 若置于句首，句子则用部分倒装)on ones way to 在某人去的路上(1)In one way，I agree with you.从某种程度上说，我是赞成你的。(2)In no way can you lose heart when in trouble.身处困境时，你决不能气馁。(3)Youd better move the table.Its in the way.你最好挪一下这张桌子。它挡道了。(4)I passed the store on my way to the library.我在去图书馆的路上经过了那家商店。?preserve v
24、t.保护，保存，保留；维持，保持 n.禁猎地；保护区preserve.from/against.保护以免be well preserved 保护得好preservation n.保护，维护，保存(5)He was anxious to preserve his reputation.他急于维护自己的名声。(6)They were determined to preserve these children from being hurt.他们下决心保护这些孩子免受伤害。(7)The old building is in good preservation(preserve).这座古建筑保存良好。
25、单句改错(8)This old temple is preserved after so many years.goodwellOne can only feel sorrow and deep sympathy for these once-living statues.对于这些曾经活着的雕像 人 ，人们只能感到悲痛和深切的同情。?sympathy n.同情；赞同express/feel sympathy for sb.对某人表达/ 感到同情have (no) sympathy for sb.(不)同情某人be in sympathy with 赞同，支持out of sympathy 出于
26、同情(1)I am writing to express my sympathy for you and your family.我写信表示对你和你的家人的同情。(2)I am sure he will be in sympathy with your suggestion.我确信他会赞成你的建议。(3)I have no sympathy for Jane；its all her own fault.我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。(4)Out of sympathy for the homeless children，he gave them shelter for the night.出于
27、对这些无家可归的孩子们的同情，那天晚上他给他们提供了住宿。The building exploded because a gas pipe had burst.由于煤气管道爆裂，那座建筑物爆炸了。?burst(burst，burst ) v.(使) 爆炸；冲，闯burst in/into 突然闯入；破门而入burst inton.(burst outv.-ing)突然起来burst into laughter(burst out laughing)突然大笑起来burst into tears(burst out crying)突然大哭起来(1)When the school bus arriv
28、ed at the zoo，the bus door burst open and all the children rushed out.当校车抵达动物园时，汽车的门突然打开，孩子们冲了出去。(2)We were having a meeting when a young girl burst in.我们正在开会，这时一个女孩冲了进来。(3)Hearing the bad news，the woman burst into tears/burst out crying.听到这个坏消息，这个女人放声大哭。单句改错(4)The soldiers were burst into the town
29、at midnight and caught the captain.经典句式Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.大约公元一世纪末，一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了他年轻时目睹的一场可怕的火山爆发的情景。句中 called Pliny 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词 writer。过去分词短语作定语表示“被动含义” ，必须后置，相当于一个定语
30、从句；单个的过去分词作定语，常位于被修饰词之前，表示“被动或完成” 。(1)Id like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.我想让大家看一项 2012 年在澳大利亚进行的研究。(2)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D.C.(2018全国)加入一个有导游引领的自行车旅行，参观华盛顿的一些最受欢迎的纪念碑。(3)Can those seated(seat) at the back hear m
31、e?坐在后面的那些人能听见我说话吗？(4)The witness questioned(question) by the police gave a detailed description.被警察询问的那位目击者给出了详细的描述。高级表达(5)The building which was completed three years ago is now in bad condition.(用非谓语动词改写)The building completed three years ago is now in bad condition.However， much more than buildin
32、gs and objects，it is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的轮廓形象则更能使这座城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。本句使用了强调句型，强调主语“the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster”。强调句型可用来强调除谓语以外的任何句子成分。其基本结构是：It is/was被强调部分th
33、at/who. 。强调句型的一般疑问句式为：Is /Was it被强调部分that/ who.?强调句型的特殊疑问句式为：特殊疑问词is/wasit that.?not until 的强调句型为：It is/wasnot until被强调部分 that.，且 that 后的谓语动词用肯定式。(1)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.(2018天津)直到车在我们房前停下，我们才看见坐在乘客座位上的莉莉。(2)I have nothing to
34、 admit.What is it that you want me to say?我没什么可承认的，你到底想让我说什么？(3)How was it that you got the news that the rocket was sent up successfully?你到底是怎样得知火箭被成功发射的消息的？高级表达(4)They didnt finish their homework until the teacher came.Not until the teacher came did they finish their homework.(改为倒装句)It was not unt
35、il the teacher came that they finished their homework.(改为强调句型)Another man，lying on his side，looks as if he is trying to get up.躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。as if 在此引导表语从句。as if/though 还可以引导方式状语从句，从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。as if/though 引导的从句用虚拟语气时，从句的时态用一般过去时(be 动词用were)，表示与现在事实相反；用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反；用“would/could/mi
36、ght动词原形” ，表示与将来事实相反。(1)It looks as if/though you are ill today.今天你看上去好像是病了。(2)They talked and talked as if they would never meet again.他们聊了又聊，好像再也不会见面了。(3)He speaks English as if he had studied(study) it in England before.他说英语就好像以前在英国学过似的。单句改错(4)The little boy talked to us as if he a grown-up.waswer
37、e.单句语法填空1.The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation(preserve).2.The city once forgotten(forget) by the world lives on nearly 2,000 years after its loss.3.I like him because his comedies and tragedies bring me into a fantastic(fantasy) world.4.I have no sympathy for students who got ca
38、ught cheating in exams.5.The walls are characteristic(character) of the local architecture.6.The man knocked the thief over/down with his old bike.7.The boy had meant(mean) to come in but the teacher refused him.8.It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr Smith.9.The particularly(particular)
39、 huge building across the street blocked our view of the sea.10.The area has been blocked out，and building will begin soon.完成句子11.The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2018.矗立在街道角落的那幢房子是 2018 年建的。12.She usually takes a shower before she has her breakfast.她通常在吃早餐前洗个澡。13.It was w
40、hat you said yesterday that changed his mind.是你昨天说的话让他改变了主意。14.He was standing on the top of the hill as if/though he were a statue.他站在山顶上，就好像是一座雕塑。15.His parents died，leaving him an orphan.父母去世了，(结果)他成为了孤儿。基础巩固.单词拼写 1.The soldiers were all standing in front of a monument(纪念碑).2.It is said that the
41、flood has caused a great loss(损失) to the villagers.3.The little boy was one of the victims(受害者) of the road accident.4.Despite some difficulties，theyre not going to abandon(放弃) the plan.5.The young soldier burst(冲) into the burning room to save the boy.6.We were shocked by the violent scenes we had
42、witnessed(见证) with our eyes.7.I enjoy the new play，particularly(尤其是) the second half.8.The old man was anxious to preserve(保存) the food for winter.9.The girl took the trouble to gather(搜集) necessary information for me.10.We should have sympathy(同情 ) for the disabled instead of laughing at them.选词填空b
43、reak into， be caught in， come into view， knock over， block out11.Youd better wear a hat to block out the strong sunlight.12.Last night，the old house was broken into.13.The flying car nearly knocked over my bike the other day.14.The explorers were caught in the camp by the snowstorm.15.When a green t
44、ree came into view，people struggling in the desert jumped with joy.单句语法填空16.The loss(lose) of his wife was a heavy blow to him.17.Her husband abandoned himself to playing(play) cards every day.18.The material the girl wrote witnessed to her ability.19.Gathering(gather) around the fire，the travelers
45、danced with the local people.20.To make the most of your time，live every moment as if it were(be) your last.21.It was not until near the end of the letter that he mentioned his own plan.22.She made a long and thorough examination，particularly(particular) of the eyes.23.Hearing the good news，the whol
46、e class burst into laughter and one of my classmates jumped.完成句子24.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.被邀请参加宴会的艺术家大多来自南非。25.Was it during the Second World War that his son died?他儿子是在第二次世界大战期间死亡的吗？26.They offered their food to me as if I were their own family.他们把他们的食物给了我，就
47、好像我是他们的家人。27.The strong wind blew away the good soil，leaving only sand.大风吹走了肥沃的土壤，只剩下了沙子。28.Abandoned by his parents，the little boy is leading a hard life.被父母抛弃了，这个小男孩过着艰难的生活。能力提升.阅读理解Mark felt that it was time for him to take part in his community，so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work.T
48、he areas city councilwoman(女议员) was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing.The neighborhood faced many problems.Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls.There are charts for parking problems，crime ，and for problems in vacant buildings.People were supposed to suggest so
49、lutions to the councilwoman.It was too much for Mark.“The problems are too big， ” he thought.He turned to the man next to him and said， “I think this is a waste of my time.Nothing I could do would make a difference here.”Mark thought some more on his way to the bus stop.“People should just take care of themselves， ” he decided.“Thats enough to do.I cant take on all the problems of the world.”As he neared