1、Period Six GrammarPast Perfect & To Have/Get Something Done感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1.Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.2.By 1748，they had found an awesome historical site.3.This particularly sad event left a deep impression on Pliny who had lost an uncle in
2、 the eruption.4.However，more than 1,600 years later，some scientists found the lost towns that had been buried under the ashes.5.Before the eruption occurred，it had been a booming Roman city.6.The bodies of people who had died in Pompeii left impressions in the ash that showed their exact shapes.7.We
3、 want to know why the man has had his hair cut like that.8.My computers really slow.I need to get the hard disk upgraded.9.I think Ill have the car serviced this week.1.过去完成时与特定的时间状语连用，如句 2。2.过去完成时用于主从复合句，主从句动作都发生在过去，且有先后关系。如句 1、句 3、句 4、句 5 和句 6。3.在句 7、句 8 和句 9 中作宾语补足语的都是过去分词，与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。.过去完成时一、
4、构成方法由“had动词的过去分词”构成。二、用法说明1.表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去” 。She said she had never been to Paris.她说她从未去过巴黎。When the police arrived，the thieves had run away.警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。过去完成时是一种相对时态，一定要有一个作参照的过去时间或过去动作作比较，否则，就不能用过去完成时。但下列三种情况虽然有先后发生的两个过去的动作，却用一般过去时：(1)先后发生的一系列动作，但并不强调先后时，最后两个动词用 then，and ，but 等连
5、接，用一般过去时。On Saturday afternoon，Mrs Green went to the market，bought some bananas and visited her cousin.星期六下午，格林夫人去了市场，买了些香蕉，然后去看望了她的表姐。(2)两个动作是紧接着发生的，可用一般过去时。When I heard the news，I was very excited.我听到那个消息时，非常兴奋。(3)叙述历史事实或“in 过去的年份” ，用一般过去时。Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 14
6、92.我们的老师告诉我们哥伦布于 1492 年发现了美洲。2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时刻的动作或状态。与现在完成时一样，也常与 so long，for three days，before 等表示一段时间的状语连用。When Jack arrived，he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到达时，他才得知玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。3.表示未曾实现的愿望或打算。表示希望或打算的动词，如hope，want，expect，think，suppose ，plan，mean，intend 等的过去完成时，后接不定式 t
7、o do 时，表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，即“本来希望或打算做某事(但却没做) ”。I had wanted to send him a Christmas card，but I forgot to do so.我本来想寄给他一张圣诞卡的，但我忘了寄了。4.用于特殊句式中：hardly/scarcely.when.，no sooner.than. ，It /That/This was the first/second/.time(that).等。Hardly had I opened the door when he told me the news.我刚打开门，他就告诉了我这个消息。(2018
8、天津)No sooner had he bought the car than he sold it.他刚买了这辆车就把它卖了。It was the second time he had been out with her.这是他第二次和她一起出去。.to have/get sth.done 结构具体用法：1.让(请) 别人为自己做某事Youd better have/get your bad tooth pulled out.你最好把坏牙拔掉。2.使某事被完成(自己也有可能参加 )I cant have/get the car started.我没能把汽车发动起来。3.遭遇某种不好的事情Sh
9、e had her house damaged in the storm.她的房子在暴风雨中损毁了。知识拓展(1)have sb.do sth./get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事The teacher had me hand in my homework.The teacher got me to hand in my homework.老师让我交上作业。(2)have sb./sth.doing sth.让某人/某物一直做某事或处于某种状态 (表示动作的正在进行/持续)He had her standing in the rain for two hours.他让她在雨中站了两
10、个小时。注意：have sb.doing 用于否定句时，有“容忍”的意思。I wont have you speaking to me like that.我不许你对我那样讲话。(3)get sb./sth.doing 使某人/某物开始某个动作The music got the little child dancing.音乐让那个小孩闻声起舞。(4)have sb./sth.adj./adv./prep.促使某一动作发生或使役动作产生的变化结果或状态I want to have my room clean and tidy.我想让我的房间干净整齐。Please have your money
11、ready.请准备好钱。(5)have sth.to do 有某事要做(不定式作定语)I have an important meeting to attend this Sunday.这周日我有个重要的会议要参加。.单句语法填空1.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried(carry) out in the past two years.(2018江苏)2.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photog
12、raph taken(take).(2018天津)3.In the 1950s in the USA，most families had just one phone at home，and wireless phones hadnt been invented(not，invent) yet.(2017北京)4.Silk had become (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.(2016浙江)5.Just as I got to the school gate，I real
13、ized I had left(leave) my book in the cafe.(2015安徽)6.Did you have difficulty finding Anns house?Not really.She had given(give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.(2015北京)7.The twins，who had finished(finish) their homework，were allowed to play badminton on the playground.(2014安徽)8
14、.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we had expected(expect).(2014山东)9.Sofia looked around at all the faces：she had the impression that she had seen(see) most of the guests before.(2014浙江).单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )1.It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just .(201
15、8全国，短文改错)beginbegun2.I grown not only physically，but also mentally in the past few years.hadhave(2017全国，短文改错)3.I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.(2014浙江，短文改错)4.Thank you for all you done for me.(2012四川，短文改错)hadhave.单句语法填
16、空1.The police found that the house had been broken(break) into and a lot of things stolen.2.The pen I thought I had lost(lose) is on my desk，right under my nose.3.By the time he was twelve，Edison had made(make) several experiments by himself.4.The old woman had her hair cut(cut) last week.5.I wont h
17、ave you treating(treat) your parents like that!6.You can get killed or hurt(hurt) while wearing your seat belt.(2018江西省临川一中高三模拟)7.US biologist Stacey Harmer and her colleagues had it explained(explain) in a recent paper published in the journal Science on Aug.5.(2018黑龙江省哈三中高三二模)8.They had heard(hear
18、) of this small town before they came here.9.The young man had traveled(travel) in more than ten countries by the end of last month.10.He said that he had seen(see) such an animal in the forest before.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11.It was the first time that the girl attended such a party.hashad12.By the end
19、of last month，we learned about 3,000 words.havehad13.The old house is in bad condition.Ill have it soon.mendingmended14.It is so cold this morning that its hard to get the car .runrunning15.He had studied in France for four years.Now he is working in China.完成句子16.I wont have you smoking in the sitti
20、ng room.我不允许你在起居室抽烟。17.He was disappointed to see the car he had had/got repaired went wrong again.他看到请人修理的车又坏了很是失望。18.They had left before we arrived at the station yesterday.昨天在我们到达车站之前，他们已经离开了。19.I had intended/meant to go to help you，but I was too busy.我本打算去帮助你，可是我太忙了。20.I had hardly answered th
21、e teacher when he interrupted me.我还没来得及回答老师的问题，他就打断了我的话。基础巩固.单句语法填空1.I had heard(hear) a lot about the woman before I came to her company.2.The computer my brother had repaired(repair) yesterday went wrong.3.That city got some famous buildings destroyed(destroy) in the flood.4.What a shame！I cant ge
22、t my son to stop(stop) crying.5.The farmers had the machines working(work) day and night at the harvest season.6.I had hoped(hope) to leave for Hong Kong this morning，but I had an unexpected visitor.7.He had learned(learn) more than 6,000 words before he entered university.8.By the end of last year，
23、I had taught(teach) science in the school for 10 years.9.The scientist told us that he had worked(work) on the project for many years.10.It was the second time that we had seen(see) such a moving movie that year.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11.I planned to attend her birthday party，but I forgot. had12.What you
24、 said to him before he went there?havehad13.The desk was too old and I decided to get it from this room.removeremoved14.He paid back the money he borrowed from the bank. had15.It is the second time that she seen an elephant.hadhas.完成句子16.He had just arrived home when his wife began to quarrel with h
25、im.他刚刚到家，他的妻子就开始和他争吵。17.The girl said that she had read the famous novel before.这个女孩说，她以前读过这部著名的小说。18.The old man had his wallet stolen while he was doing some shopping.这个老人在购物时，钱包被偷了。19.Dont worry! Ill get/have the house decorated as soon as possible.不要担心！我会让人尽快把房子装饰一下的。20.I had intended/meant to h
26、elp you，but I was not in China at the time.我本打算帮你的，但是我当时不在中国。能力提升.阅读理解 (2018河北邯郸高二期中)John and Mary had a nice home and two lovely children.John had just been asked to go on a business trip to another city for several days and Mary would go with him too.They hired a reliable woman to care for their c
27、hildren and returned home a little earlier than they had planned.As they drove into their hometown，they found a home on fire.After having a look，Mary said， “Oh well，it isnt our fire.Lets go home.” But John drove closer and said， “That home belongs to Fred Jones who wouldnt be off work yet.Maybe ther
28、e is something we could do.”John noticed an old lady screamed to him， “The children! Get the children！” John grabbed (抓住) her by the shoulder saying， “Get a hold of yourself and tell us where the children are！ ” “In the basement， ” cried the lady.In spite of Marys disagreement，John soaked (浸湿) his c
29、lothes and ran to the basement which was full of smoke.He found the door and grabbed two children.As he left he could hear some more cry.He sent the two badly frightened children into the waiting room and asked how many more children were down there.They told him two more and Mary grabbed his arm an
30、d screamed， “John! Dont go back! Its dangerous! That house will fall down in any second！ ”But he shook her off and went back.It seemed a very long time before he found both children and started back.As he climbed up the endless steps the thought went through his mind that there was something strange
31、ly familiar about the little bodies next to him，and at last when they came out into the sunlight and fresh air，he found that he had just rescued his own children.The baby-sitter had left them at this home while she did some shopping.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。约翰和玛丽夫妇外出回来，突然发现有一家人的屋子起火了。玛丽说不是自己家的房子起火要约翰快点离开，而约翰却执
32、意要去帮忙并救了那一家的孩子们，结果意外地发现自己的孩子也在那些孩子里面。21.The old lady screamed to John to .A.ask him to get away from the fireB.ask for his help to save the childrenC.ask him to rescue her from the fireD.ask him to take out valuable things from the fire答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“John noticed an old lady screamed to him，
33、The children! Get the children！ ”可知，老妇人对着约翰大声喊叫是为了让他救孩子。故选B。22.What was Marys response to Johns action?A.She disagreed with it.B.She supported it.C.She was unconcerned about it.D.She misunderstood it.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In spite of Marys disagreement，John soaked(浸湿)his clothes and ran to the basem
34、ent which was full of smoke.”可知，玛丽对约翰行为的反应是不赞成。故选 A。23.What was the house like before John went back once again?A.It was clean.B.It was burned down.C.It was dangerous.D.It was under repair.答案 C解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后的“Mary grabbed his arm and screamed， John! Dont go back! Its dangerous! That house will fal
35、l down in any second！ ”可知，约翰在回去之前房子是危险的，故选 C。24.Which of the following can be concluded from the story?A.Two heads are better than one.B.Where there is a will，there is a way.C.Helping others means helping ourselves.D.God helps those who help themselves.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“he found that he had
36、 just rescued his own children”可知，他发现他救了自己的孩子。由此可推知这个故事告诉我们：帮助别人就是帮助我们自己。故选 C。.完形填空One day，a kind woman happened to say something that hurt her best friend of many years.She 25 immediately and would do anything to take the words back.What she said hurt the friend so 26 that this good woman was herse
37、lf hurt for the 27 she caused.In an effort to undo what she had done，she went to an older，wiser woman in the village，explained her 28 ，and asked for advice.Listening to her，the older woman sensed the younger womans worry and knew she must 29 her.She also knew she could never 30 her pain，but she coul
38、d teach.She knew the outcome would only 31 the character of the younger woman.She said， “Tonight， 32 your best feather pillows and put a single feather on the 33 of each house in town before the sun rises.”The young woman hurried home to prepare for it， 34 the feather pillows were very dear to her.
39、35 ，she labored alone in the cold.Finally the sky was getting 36 .She placed the last feather on the steps of the last house.Just as the sun rose，she 37 to the older woman.“Now， ”said the wise woman， “go back and 38 your pillows with the feather you have put on the steps. 39 everything will be as it
40、 was before.”“You know thats impossible！The wind 40 away each feather as fast as I placed them on the doorsteps！”The young woman was surprised.“Thats 41 ， ”said the older woman.“Never forget.Each of your 42 is like a feather in the wind.Once spoken，no amount of 43 ，no matter how heartfelt or sincere
41、， can never return them to your 44 .Choose your words well and，most of all，guard them in the presence of those you love.”语篇解读 一个善良的女人说话不小心伤害了最好的朋友，她去向一位智者求助，智者用装满羽毛的枕头让她明白了要“注意自己的言语”的道理。25.A.replied B.forgotC.laughed D.regretted答案 D解析 根据下文的“would do anything to take the words back”可知，她感到后悔，故选 D项。26.
42、A.deeply B.slightlyC.little D.straight答案 A解析 她所说的话把她的朋友伤得很深以至于她自己也因她对朋友所造成的伤害感到很伤心，故选 A 项。27.A.blank B.intentionC.pain D.mess答案 C解析 根据第一句中“hurt her best friend of many years”可知，此处指她说错话给朋友造成的痛苦，故选 C 项。28.A.lecture B.situationC.shortcomings D.position答案 B解析 根据上文可知，她将她目前的处境说给了这位智者，故选 B 项。29.A.help B.bl
43、ameC.praise D.punish答案 A解析 根据上文可知，年轻的女人是来向智者求助的，这位智者感觉到她的担忧并且知道必须去帮助她。故选 A 项。30.A.feel B.refuseC.remove D.find答案 C解析 根据下文可知，说出去的话不能收回，所以造成的痛苦也就无法挽回。此处与最后一段中的“no matter how.can never return them.”相呼应，故选 C 项。31.A.contribute to B.focus onC.depend on D.recover from答案 C解析 尽管这位智者知道不能帮助这个女人消除内心的痛苦，但她还是决定教给
44、她一个道理，而这个女人是否会接受这个道理取决于她的性格，故选 C 项。32.A.show B.hideC.throw D.take答案 D解析 根据下文可知，此处智者让年轻的女人拿着枕头将里面的羽毛放在镇上每户人家的台阶上。故选 D 项。33.A.roof B.stepC.wall D.mailbox答案 B解析 此处与下文的“She placed the last feather on the steps of the last house.”相呼应，故选B 项。34.A.as though B.even thoughC.in case D.so long as答案 B解析 根据语境可知，前
45、后两句话之间是让步关系，故选 B 项。35.A.Worse still B.As a matter of factC.The following day D.All night long答案 D解析 根据上文的“put a single feather.in town before the sun rises.”和下文的“Finally the sky was getting.”可知，此处指她忙了一整晚，故选 D 项。36.A.light B.darkC.snowy D.cloudy答案 A解析 根据下文的“Just as the sun rose”可知，此处指天快亮了，故选 A 项。37.A
46、.appealed B.returnedC.waved D.nodded答案 B解析 根据语境可知，完成智者交代的事后她回来见智者，故选 B 项。38.A.sew B.decorateC.refill D.preserve答案 C解析 根据本段和下段内容可知，智者让她将羽毛重新装入枕头，故选 C 项。39.A.Besides B.OrC.Instead D.Then答案 D解析 句意为：然后一切就会回到之前的样子了。前后句为承接关系，故选 D 项。40.A.blew B.gaveC.put D.drove答案 A解析 根据语境可知，此处指风把羽毛吹走了(blow away)，故选 A 项。41
47、.A.awesome B.elegantC.wonderful D.true答案 D解析 根据语境可知，此处指智者说年轻人说得没错，故选 D 项。42.A.words B.friendsC.promises D.expectations答案 A解析 根据下文的“Once spoken”可知，此处指所说的话，故选 A 项。43.A.appetite B.effortC.idea D.joke答案 B解析 句意为：话一旦说出去，无论你做多少努力，无论你多么情真意切，都无法收回。故选 B 项。44.A.ears B.eyesC.mouth D.face答案 C解析 此处指“说出去的话永远也收不回”
48、，故选 C 项。.语法填空My aim in life is 45. (protect) the environment for future generations.I want to become 46. environmental consultant after graduation.Many people think that pollution cannot 47. (stop) if we want the country to develop.But that is not true.We can cut back on 48. (danger) and dirty waste
49、 from factories.Although a factory produces a large quantity of goods，it does not mean that it has to pump a lot of pollution into the environment.I also want to teach people to buy products 49. have been recycled.This is much 50. (good) for the environment，because it means we do not need to cut down many trees.Companie