1、Period Four GrammarThe ed form & Past tense time expressions感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1We ate great meals cooked by experts!2We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.3For many years，trained camels carried food and other supplies，and returned with wool and other products.4Recently
2、 I had my first ride on a longdistance train.5One night， at about midnight，I watched the night sky for about an hour.6A long time ago ，Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country.7The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s.8In 1925，they passed a law which allowed peopl
3、e to shoot the animals if they were a problem.1句 1,2,3 中的加黑部分为过去分词作定语。2句 4,5,6,7,8 的时态为一般过去时。一、过去分词作定语过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念。但是，如果是不及物动词的过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。1过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，如果被修饰的词是由 every/some/any/nothing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词 those 等时，即
4、使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：a retired worker 一位退休的工人the given question 给定的问题qualified teachers 合格的教师everybody invited 所有被邀请的人注意：leave 的过去分词 left 表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，置于被修饰词之后。如：I have only one coin left.我只剩下一枚硬币了。(2)过去分词短语作定语要后置，放在被修饰词之后。如：the languages used in Germany 在德国使用的语言the book written in simple Eng
5、lish 用浅显的英语写成的书2过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句更简短。过去分词短语作后置定语时，如果和中心词之间有逗号，则可以将其转换成非限制性定语从句；若无逗号，则可以将其转换成限制性定语从句。I want to take away the book shown to me yesterday.I want to take away the book which was shown to me yesterday.我想带走(你) 昨天给我看的那本书。The Olympic Games，first held in 776 BC，did not include women
6、 competitors until 1912.The Olympic Games，which were first held in 776 BC，did not include women competitors until 1912.于公元前 776 年首次举办的奥运会直到 1912 年才允许女运动员参赛。3表示情感的动词的过去分词有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)，moved(感动的) ，interested(感兴趣的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)，shocked(震惊的，震撼的)，puzzled(迷惑不解的)
7、，frightened(受惊吓的)等。如：a frightened girl 一个受惊吓的女孩。4不及物动词的过去分词一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如：newlyarrived passengers 刚到的旅客fallen leaves 落叶5过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成复合形容词作定语The newlybuilt hotel was burnt in the fire.新建的宾馆在火灾中被烧掉了。二、用于一般过去时的时间状语1一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作时，常与a
8、lways， usually，often，sometimes，never 等时间状语连用。When I was a child，I often played football in the street.儿时，我经常在街上踢足球。I always got up late，and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。2一般过去时表示在过去某一具体的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态时，常用的时间状语有 a moment ago，just now，yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the oth
9、er day，in年代，last year，in the朝代等。Where did you go yesterday?你昨天去哪里了？3一般过去时也可与 today，this week，in the old days，during ，when 引导的时间状语从句，recently，until ， “since时间点”等时间状语连用。I saw him today.我今天见过他。During his middle school years，he often went in for competitions.他在中学时代经常参加竞赛。They recently moved into a new h
10、ouse.最近他们搬进了新居。单句语法填空1True to a gorillas unaggressive nature，the huge animal meant(mean) me no real harm.He was just saying：“Im king of this forest，and here is your reminder！”(2018 全国)2The publication of Great Expectations，which was(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens st
11、atus as a leading novelist.(2017江苏)3Did(do) you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes.They are happy with it.(2017北京)4To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江)5It was raining lightly when
12、 I arrived(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015全国)6Is Peter coming?No，he changed(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.(2015重庆)7I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I asked(ask)， “What do you wish me to do now？”(2015 湖南).单句语法填空1Dont put the waste on the ground.Oh，Im very sor
13、ry.I didnt see(not，see) the dustbin there.2Robert gave(give) me his address the other day，but Im afraid I have lost it.3Mr Smith came(come) to see you just now.4We often went(go) out for a walk after supper when we lived in the countryside.5The fire broke(break) out during the night.完成句子6The book re
14、ferred to last time has been sold out.上次提到的那本书已经卖出去了。7The results of the survey conducted last week are as follows.上周进行的调查结果如下。8America is a highlydeveloped country.美国是个高度发达的国家。9She listened with a puzzled expression on her face.她脸上带着困惑的表情在倾听。10The polluted air is bad for our health.污染的空气对我们的健康有害。基础
15、巩固.单句语法填空1Most people invited (invite) to the party were famous scientists.2I saw (see) him yesterday in the street.3This famous novel written(write) by Mr Smith is worth reading.4The question discussed(discuss) yesterday is about pollution.5Island is a small piece of land surrounded (surround) by w
16、ater.6When she heard the good news，a satisfied(satisfy) smile appeared on her face.7I felt very tired when I got home，and I went(go) straight to bed.8We had(have) a good time last Sunday.9The boy followed (follow) by a dog was running along the street.10Did you enjoy the party?Yes， we were treated(t
17、reat) well by our hosts.翻译句子11上周末，简吃了一顿她外婆做的美餐。Last weekend, Jane ate a nice meal (which was) cooked by her grandmother.12前天我们举行了一场篮球赛。We held a basketball match the day before yesterday.13前几天，罗伯特去北京出差了。Robert went to Beijing on business the other day.14玛丽过去常常一周来拜访我一次。Mary used to pay a visit to/vis
18、it me once a week.15当我还是个小男孩时，我常去那个公园玩。When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.能力提升.完形填空As the oldest and my moms “grownup” girl，I was not supposed to be so excited when Christmas came.But when I was alone，I liked to 16 each present under the tree.I 17 every tag(标签) and felt every packag
19、e so that I could even 18 which present went to which person.It had been a tough year for my family.When Mom was 19 the gifts，she sighed and warned us， “There wont be much for Christmas this year.Try not to be 20 .” In the past，the presents would pile up and 21 cover the living room floor.On Christm
20、as morning，we eagerly waited until Dad told us everything was 22 .We rushed into the living room and made the wrapping paper 23 .“Heres another one for you， ” said Mom as she 24 me a package.I looked at it，confused.Having 25 so much time examining the present before Christmas，I 26 this one.But it sh
21、ould have been Moms.A new 27 had been put on it， 28 my name written in my mothers handwriting.“Mom，I cant.”I was 29 by my mothers joyful looka look I could not really understand.“Lets see 30 it is，honey.Hurry and open it.”It was a hair dryer. 31 this may be a simple gift for other people，to me it wa
22、s so much more.Being an elevenyearold girl，I was 32 .In my world，where 33 outweighed(比重要) giving，my mothers act was hard for me to understand.Tears 34 my eyes.How much my mother must love me to 35 her Christmas so that I could have a few more presents! I still remember that Christmas and Im sure I w
23、ill never forget it.语篇解读 本文是记叙文，讲述了圣诞节来临时，妈妈把本属于她的礼物给了作者。作者由此感受到了妈妈浓浓的爱，并理解了有时候给予比接受更让人幸福。16A.keep BcheckCremove Dcarry答案 B解析 作为家里最大的女儿，当圣诞节来临的时候，我本不应该如此兴奋。但当我独自一人的时候，我喜欢去检查树下的每一份礼物。 check 核对，检查。17A.read BaddedCcopied Ddestroyed答案 A解析 我仔细看每一个标签并感觉每一个包装以便我能够辨别哪一个礼物送给哪一个人。本句中的 read 表示“仔细看” 。故 A 正确。18A
24、.see BnoticeCtell Dsmell答案 C解析 见上题解析。tell 辨别。故 C 正确。19A.choosing BsendingCfinding Dpreparing答案 D解析 这一年对我家来说很艰难，当妈妈在准备礼物的时候，她叹着气说：“今年的圣诞节不会有太多的礼物了。 ” prepare 准备。故 D 正确。20A.satisfied BdisappointedCworried Dexcited答案 B解析 根据前一句“今年的圣诞节不会有太多的礼物”可知，妈妈应是让我们不要太失望。disappointed 失望的。故 B 正确。21A.nearly BhardlyCse
25、riously Dslightly答案 A解析 过去，圣诞礼物堆成了山，几乎要堆满客厅地板。nearly 几乎，表示程度。故 A 正确。22A.correct BreadyCreturned Dchanged答案 B解析 根据下一句“We rushed into the living room.”可知，一切都准备好了。所以使用形容词 ready“准备好的” 。23A.fly BflowCmove Drace答案 A解析 我们冲进客厅去拆自己的礼物，让包装纸都飞了起来。fly 表示拆礼物时高兴的程度。故 A 正确。24A.threw BdroppedCmade Dhanded答案 D解析 妈妈把
26、一个礼物递给了我。hand 递给。其余选项与语境不符。25A.spent BtakenCcost Dpaid答案 A解析 根据上文我独自一人时检查礼物可知，我花了很多时间查看礼物。所以使用动词spend。26A.realized BrecognizedCresearched Drecovered答案 B解析 因为我花了很多时间来检查礼物，所以当妈妈把礼物给我的时候，我立刻就辨认出来了。recognize 辨认出。故 B 正确。27A.present BsignCtag Dpage答案 C解析 这个礼物本来应该是给妈妈的，但是现在上面贴了一个新的标签，妈妈把她的礼物给了我。tag 标签。故 C
27、正确。28A.of BwithCby Dabove答案 B解析 本句是 with 的复合结构 “with宾语宾语补足语 ”。在新的标签上妈妈写上了我的名字。故 B 正确。29A.stopped BlostCdecided Dreached答案 A解析 我刚说“Mom，I cant.”却因为妈妈快乐的表情而停止继续往下说。stop 停止。故 A 正确。30A.which BwhereCwhat Dwhy答案 C解析 快点打开它，让我们来看看是什么(礼物) 。此处是 what 引导的宾语从句。故选 C。31A.Since BThoughCBecause DUnless答案 B解析 根据“to me
28、 it was so much more(这个礼物对我意义重大) ”和“this may be a simple gift for other people(对其他人来说这是一个很简单的礼物) ”构成让步关系，所以使用though 引导让步状语从句。32A.interested BannoyedCshocked Dfrightened答案 C解析 我被妈妈的行为震惊了，我没有想到妈妈竟然会把她的礼物送给我。shocked 震惊的。故 C 正确。33A.refusing BofferingCborrowing Dreceiving答案 D解析 在我的世界里，接受要比给予更重要。所以妈妈的行为我很
29、难理解，但是从中我能够感受到妈妈对我的爱。故 D 正确。34A.attended BfilledCdecorated Dcollected答案 B解析 我被妈妈的行为打动，眼泪充满了我的眼睛。fill 充满。故 B 正确。35A.put up Btake upCgive up Dpick up答案 C解析 根据上文可知，妈妈把本属于自己的礼物给了我，即妈妈放弃了自己的礼物。give up 放弃。故 C 正确。.语法填空I am a boy who prefers 36. (travel) rather than stay at home.Ever since middle school， I
30、37. (make) up my mind to make a journey around China.However，I was too busy to organize 38. journey then.It was after graduating from university 39. I finally got the chance to make my dream come true.My mother cared 40. my safety so much that she tried to persuade me to go with my classmates.In her
31、 view，being too stubborn was one of my 41. (shortcoming)However，I insisted I 42. (travel) on my own.I was fond of 43. (cycle)，so I was determined to travel by bicycle.44. I knew there would be many difficulties to go through，I would never give up.Nothing would be hard 45. (deal) with for a boy who i
32、s determined.语篇解读 作者非常喜欢旅游，但上学期间，没有时间。大学毕业后，他才说服妈妈让他一个人骑自行车去旅行。36答案 to travel解析 prefer to do rather than do 喜欢做而不愿做。37答案 have made解析 ever since 引导时间状语从句，主句谓语用现在完成时，故该处填 have made。38答案 the解析 该处填定冠词 the，特指前面提到的 a journey around China。39答案 that解析 这是 it is.that.强调句式，强调 after graduating from university。4
33、0答案 about解析 此处考查固定搭配 care about “关心，担心” 。41答案 shortcomings解析 根据设空前的 one of my 可知，该空应用名词复数。42答案 (should) travel解析 insist 作 “坚决要求” 讲时，宾语从句的谓语用 should do 形式，should 可以省略。43答案 cycling解析 设空前是固定短语 be fond of “喜欢” 。be fond of doing sth.喜欢做某事，故该空应填动名词作介词 of 的宾语。44答案 Though/Although/While解析 虽然我知道会经历很多困难，但我永远不
34、会放弃。此处表示“虽然，尽管” ，故用Though/Although/While。45答案 to deal解析 根据固定句式“主语be形容词to do”可知该处填不定式。.读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Boys like to be considered to be brave，but what kind of things can be considered to be brave? It is not a question that can be answered by words，but by the actual deed.A boy with t
35、he name Henry gave us a good example.Ronny and Henry were two friends in the same class.They always played together and went home together.One day as Ronny and Henry were going home after school，they saw some people fighting in the street corner.Ronny said excitedly， “Some people are fighting! Lets
36、go and have a look！” But Henry refused， “Its none of our business.Wed better go home and not get close to them.Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I dont want them to worry about me.”“You are a coward and afraid to go， ” said Ronny and off he ran to the spot(地点
37、) with some other boys.Henry had to go home alone and didnt think about it anymore.But Ronny thought Henry was a coward and told all the boys that.They laughed at him a great deal.From then on，they looked down upon Henry and didnt want to play with him.Henry was sad but he wasnt angry with Ronny for
38、 his rude behavior，because he had learned that true courage was shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved(值得) ，and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong.Thus，he just ignored the other boys laughter and continued to stick to(坚持) his thought and go to school and s
39、tudy as well.However，Ronny didnt invite Henry to go home with him anymore.Instead，he had his new friends who also thought Henry was a coward.Every day after school，they didnt go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had lots of fun.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；2至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线
40、的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：A few days later，something terrible happened to Ronny. Paragraph 2：At that moment，Henry happened to pass by. 参考范文A few days later，something terrible happened to Ronny.That afternoon after school， Ronny was bathing with some of his new f
41、riends in the river happily.Suddenly，he was stuck in the mud and couldnt get out.He struggled hard but he was still trapped.He screamed for help，but all in vain.The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could.They were so scared and did not even try to help him.At t
42、hat moment，Henry happened to pass by.He heard the screams and went to the river as fast as possible.Seeing Ronny was almost drowned，Henry took off his clothes immediately and jumped into the water without any hesitation.He reached Ronny just as he was sinking the last time.With great effort，and with much danger to himself，he brought Ronny to the shore in time.Henry was happy to help his friend，though he was extremely tired.