1、核心素养拓展练素养解读 2017 版普通高中课程标准首次提出“学科核心素养” 。英语学科核心素养由语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力构成。随之而来，以后的英语考试将更加坚持能力立意，突出核心素养的考查。下面文段就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开，让学生们了解自然灾害如地震是不可避免的，但可以预测，据此人们可以做些准备。主 题 ： 人 与 自 然 学 科 素 养 ： 思 维 品 质Scientists know where earthquakes are likely to take place.But it is difficult for them to predict how str
2、ong an earthquake will be.Now，American researchers have found it possible to predict the strength of future quakes.The earths crustthe outermost surfaceis made up of large plates.As many as 20 plates cover the earth.They move slowly，sometimes sliding under one another and causing the earthquakes.Tim
3、othy HDixon is a geologist(地质学家) in the University of South Florida，who studies rocks and soil to understand the earth.He and other scientists are using global positioning system，or GPS，to measure what he calls “slowslip” events.Timothy Dixon says that while people cant feel a building breaking off，
4、sometimes deadly earthquakes will happen.The big Japan earthquake in 2011 and the Sumatra earthquake and tsunami in 2004 are the kind， and they are the real killers.So what we think these slowslip events are telling us is that theyre letting off steam in areas where there is a break.And if they let
5、off enough steam，the areas wont crack.“The more of the areas that break， ” he says， “the more powerful the earthquake is.”The scientists set up a number of GPS receivers 15 years ago in Costa Rica to measure the “slowslip” events，which take place only every year or two.The last one was three months
6、before an earthquake in 2012.You know an earthquake is more or less inevitable.People always want to know when an earthquake is going to happen.This technology cannot predict that.But Timothy Dixon says even if you dont know exactly when its going to happen，since you know its going to happen，and you
7、 know how big its going to be，you can prepare accordingly.语篇解读 科学家知道地震在哪里发生，但他们很难预测地震的强度。现在研究人员发现有可能预测未来地震的强度。1According to the passage，what can scientists predict about earthquakes at present?AWhen an earthquake will happen.BWhere an earthquake may happen.CHow strong an earthquake will be.DWhat kin
8、d of the earthquake will be.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据文章首段第一、二句“Scientists know where earthquakes are likely to take place.But it is difficult for them to predict how strong an earthquake will be.”可知，科学家知道地震可能在什么地方发生，但是很难预测地震的强度。故正确答案是 B。2What does the underlined word “inevitable” in the last paragraph mean?AU
9、navoidable. BUnpredictable.CPowerful. DTerrible.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的语境，可以猜测画线词意为“难以避免的” ，故正确答案为 A。3From Timothy Dixons words ，what can we know?AWe cant predict when an earthquake happens forever.BHis new findings will prevent earthquakes happening.CHis new findings will help people reduce damage cau
10、sed by earthquake.DHis new findings have been used in researching earthquakes.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But Timothy Dixon says even if you dont know exactly when its going to happen，since you know its going to happen，and you know how big its going to be，you can prepare accordingly.”可知，蒂莫西迪克森说：“人们无法确切地知道
11、地震什么时候发生，但是只要知道它会发生就可以相应地做准备从而减轻损失。 ”故正确答案为 C。4What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?ATo tell us the reason why an earthquake can happen.BTo tell us that the strength of an earthquake can be predicted in the future.CTo tell us what Timothy HDixon is doing in his spare time.DTo te
12、ll us the advantage of knowing the strength of future earthquakes.答案 B解析 写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要是想告诉读者一个科学新发现，即地震的强度在未来有可能被预测。Notes：.障碍词汇1be made up of 由组成2measure vt. 测量 3deadly adj.致命的；非常的4accordingly adv.相应地；照着.长难句分析But Timothy Dixon says even if you dont know exactly when its going to happen，since y
13、ou know its going to happen，and you know how big its going to be，you can prepare accordingly.分析：本句话的主干是主谓宾结构，宾语是省略连接词 that 的宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有让步状语从句 even if you dont know exactly when its going to happen 和原因状语从句since you know its going to happen，and you know how big its going to be；when its going to happen 在 even if 引导的让步状语从句中作 know 的宾语；how big its going to be在 since 引导的原因状语从句中作 know 的宾语。翻译：但蒂莫西迪克森说： “即使你不能确切地知道地震什么时候会发生，既然你知道它会发生，而且知道强度会有多大，你就可以相应地做一些准备。 ”