1、,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Four GrammarThe Attributive Clause () (that，which，who，whose),PART1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题,语法感知,1.But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night. 2.It was felt in Beijing，which is more than two hund
2、red kilometres away. 3.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals. 4.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.,5.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first o
3、ne shook Tangshan. 6.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 7.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.,1.以上定语从句由关系词 引导，修饰名词或代词，置于被修饰词的 。 2.关系代词which，that，who在定语从句中可以作 ，也可以作宾语或表语。 3.关系代词whose在定语从句中作 。,查看答案,后面,who，which，that，whose,主
4、语,定语,在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why等。,语法精析,一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 The number of people who were killed in the accident was over 100. 在那次事故中丧生的人数超过了100。 He
5、is the man who I met yesterday. 他就是我昨天遇见的那个人。 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。,注意：(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。 The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday was Johns brother. 昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。 (2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用w
6、ho。 The man to whom you spoke just now is a relative of mine. 刚才和你说话的人是我的一个亲戚。 3.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school. 她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。,4.that既可以指人，相当于who或whom；也可以指物，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The woman (that) I read about in the newspa
7、per has just won a gold medal. 我在报纸上读过那位女士的相关报道，她刚刚赢得一枚金牌。 The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race. 特纳先生递交的报告是关于汽车比赛的。 注意： (1)宜用that不宜用which的情况 当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代词时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做完了。,当先行词被all，ever
8、y，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me. 音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。 当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and plac
9、es that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。,当主语是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which are the books that you bought for me? 哪些是你买给我的书？ (2)宜用which不宜用that的情况 关系代词前有介词时。 The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 我过去住的房子现在已经变成了一家鞋店。 在非限制性定语从句中。 Have you ever read the book，which was written by a
10、 young girl？ 你读过这本由一个年轻女孩写的书吗？,(3)宜用who不宜用that的情况 当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one，ones，anyone。 Anyone who does that must be mad. 谁那样做都一定是疯了。 当先行词是I，you，he，they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。 He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。 当先行词为指人的those时。 Those who have good manners will be highly respected. 那些有礼貌
11、的人会受到人们的高度尊重。 在there be结构中，先行词指人时。 There is a young man who wants to see you. 有一个年轻人想见你。,5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 This is the person whose story surprised everybody. 就是这个人的故事让所有人感到吃惊。 The classroom whose door is broken can hold 40 students. 那间被弄坏了门的教室能容纳40个学生。 二、使用定语从句的注意事项 1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的
12、谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。 The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers. 地上放的那个手提箱是她的。,注意：“one of复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only one of复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens. 这是查尔斯狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French
13、. 他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的。 2.为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。 译昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。 误The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening. 正The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.,3.关系代词的省略。 (1)关系代词作主语时不能省略。 (2)作动词宾语的关系代词可以省略。作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略；如果直接作介词的宾语，不能省略。 We visite
14、d the house (that/which) Lu Xun once lived in. We visited the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 我们参观了鲁迅曾住过的房子。 (3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。,单句语法填空 1.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease
15、 and early deaths from all causes.(2018全国) 2.Kate， sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.(2018天津) 3.Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018浙江),高考链接,that/which,whose,who
16、/that,查看答案,4.Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both， is not good for the health.(2017全国) 5.But Sarah， has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全国) 6.My eldest son， work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the mo
17、ment.(2017天津) 7.The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.(2017北京) 8.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. (2016北京),which,who,whose,that/which,whose,查看答案,PART2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1.We dont know the number of people lost their hom
18、es in the disaster. 2.Those want to go to the English party must be at the school gate by 7:30 pm. 3.The first museum he visited in China was the History Museum. 4.The film you are looking forward to seeing will be on tomorrow. 5.I know the person house was destroyed in the earthquake. 6.It is the t
19、allest building Daming has seen ever since he came here. 7.My father bought a new bike for me price added up to more than 1,000 yuan.,查看答案,who/that,who,that,that/which,whose,that,whose,.单句语法填空,8.She said she would do anything could help her mother recover from the disease. 9.Anyone has helped to sav
20、e the drowning girl is worth praising. 10.The boy and the dog are in the picture are very lovely.,查看答案,that,who,that,11.Do you know the man? The man spoke to the headmaster just now. Do you know the man ? 12.The woman is my mother.You are looking after her. The woman is my mother. 13.My grandparents
21、 live in a house.It is more than 100 years old. My grandparents live in a house . 14.Last week Mary wore the dress.I gave it to her. Last week Mary wore the dress .,who/that spoke to the headmaster just now,that/who/whom you are looking after,which/that is more than 100 years old,.用定语从句合并句子,查看答案,tha
22、t/which I gave to her,15.The girl is from America.Her father is a Chinese. The girl is from America. 16.The room is mine.Its windows face north. The room is mine.,whose father is a Chinese,whose windows face north,查看答案,Almost everyone has friends，but ideas about friendship are different.For some，a f
23、riend is a person 17. talks with you on the Internet.For others，a friend is one 18. has known you all your life.A friend is also someone 19. family knows you too.A friend is also someone 20. you share your secrets with. Although there are different features of friendship，there is one thing 21. is al
24、ways present.That is the freedom(自由) to choose our friends. We may not be able 22. (select) our families，our co-workers，or even the people 23. take the bus with us，but we can pick our friends.,who/that,who,whose,that/who/whom,that/which,to select,.语法填空,who/that,查看答案,As a scientist Margaret Mead once 24. (say)，“A friend is someone 25. chooses and is chosen.” This freedom of choice is exactly the very reason 26. makes friendship such a special relationship.,said,who/that,that,查看答案,