1、,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Four GrammarThe Attributive Clause () (where，when，why，prep.which/whom),PART1,语法导学,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题,语法感知,1.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 2.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for
2、 advice. 3.He was generous with his time，for which I was grateful. 4.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. 5.However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 6.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 7until
3、today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.,8.The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. 9.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. 10we were put into a position in which we had either to
4、 accept we were less important，or fight the government.,1.关系副词 在定语从句中作时间状语(句1、5、6)；关系副词 在定语从句中作地点状语(句4、7、9)。 2.在“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句中， 用于指代物(句3、8、10)； 用于指代人(句2)。,查看答案,where,when,which,whom,关系副词的指代及功能,语法精析,1.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。 I still remember the time when I first traveled b
5、y plane. 我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。 Ill always remember the years when we worked on the farm. 我将永远记住我们在农场工作的那些年。 2.关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。 The hotel where we stayed was very clean. 我们住的那个旅馆很干净。 Finally，we got to a factory，where many mobile phones of high quality were produced.最后，我们来到
6、一家工厂，在那里许多高质量的手机被生产出来。,3.关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。 Can you explain the reason why you dont help him? 你能解释一下不帮助他的理由吗？ The reason why he was late was that he missed his train. 他迟到的原因是他错过了火车。 注意：表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，则应用关系代词
7、。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？ 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语),Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that/which在从句中作spent的宾语) This is the factory where he used to work.这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(where在从句中作状语) This is the
8、factory that/which I visited last year. 这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(that/which在从句中作visited的宾语) I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语) I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你给我们提供的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用that/which，不用why),4.
9、“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句 “介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom。修饰物时用which，修饰人时用whom；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。在这个结构中，介词的确定原则是： (1)依据定语从句中动词或形容词等的某种习惯搭配来确定。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for因而出名) (2)依据与先行词搭配的具体意义而定。 Ill never forget the time during w
10、hich I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(during the time在这段时间里),This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera用照相机) The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident. 金先生所工作的公司的老板听说了这起事故。(in the boss company在老板的公司里) (3)根据所表达的意思来确定
11、。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。 (4)表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。 The old woman has two sons，both of whom are doctors. 这位老太太有两个儿子，他们都是医生。,I have about 10 books，half of which were written by Mo Yan. 我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。 注意：(1)有些“动词介词”短语如look for
12、，look after，call on等，如果介词提前将会失去动词短语的意义，所以不可把介词置于关系代词前。 Is this the book which she is looking for? 这就是她在找的那本书吗？ The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy. 护士们正在照看的婴儿都很健康。,(2)“介词which/whom”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。 That was the way in which she looked after us. 那就是她照料我们的方式。 He has two d
13、aughters，one of whom works as a nurse. 他有两个女儿，其中一个是护士。,单句语法填空 1.Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.(2018江苏) 2.The ring was spread over the garden， it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it.(2017浙江) 3.But my connect
14、ion with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s， I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas.(2016全国),高考链接,where,where,when,查看答案,4.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， the weather may be better.(2016天津) 5.Scientists hav
15、e advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of has been proved.(2016浙江) 6.Many young people，most of were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016江苏) 7.Opposite is St.Pauls Church， you can hear some lovely music. (2015北京) 8.Creating an atmosphere in emplo
16、yees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2015浙江),when,which,whom,where,which,查看答案,9.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.(2015天津) 10.As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independ
17、ent.(2015陕西),where,when,查看答案,PART2,达标检测,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1.This is the theatre well visit a well-known pianist. 2.I still remember the night she left the house. 3.I wish to thank Professor Smith，without help I would never have got this far. 4.The scientist about we are talking has gone abroad. 5.The ice
18、on you skate must be very hard. 6.The reason she changed her mind is quite clear. 7.The days they travelled together meant a lot to him.,查看答案,where,when,whose,which,whom,why,when,.单句语法填空,8.I saw a house，the windows of were broken. 9.The children，all of had played the whole day long，were worn out. 10
19、.The old man has two sons，and both of are lawyers.,查看答案,which,whom,them,13.The town I will show you is very beautiful. 我将要带你参观的那个城镇非常漂亮。 14.I went to visit the farm my father once worked. 我去参观了我父亲曾经工作过的农场。 15.The young girl， her parents are proud，is very helpful. 那个年轻女孩很乐于助人，她的父母以她为荣。,.用“介词关系代词”完成句子,around which,on which,of whom,查看答案,