1、Period Five GrammarPreposition which and preposition whom & Relative adverbs： when， where and why感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题1In the corner，there is a garbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.2David，we think，is the person to whom you should write.3The policeman with whom Henry is talking in
2、 the office is a friend of mine.4Perhaps there is a reason why the house is in a mess.5This is the house where Lu Xun lived.6I still remember the day when I first came to this school.1句 1、2、3 中含“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句，而且关系词作介词的宾语。2句 4、5、6 中含关系副词引导的定语从句，而且，关系副词在从句中作状语。why 作原因状语；where 作地点状语；when 作时间状语。一、 “介词关
3、系代词”引导的定语从句“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句在英语中很常见，它既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。其中的关系代词常用的有 which 和 whom，但其扩展形式很多。归纳起来有以下几种：1 “介词关系代词”结构这是最普遍的结构，其中的介词是从句本身的结构或动词搭配所要求的。The goals for which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.他终生奋斗的目标对他似乎不再重要了。2 “代词介词关系代词”结构用于这个结构中的代词主要有 both，all，much，many ，(a)
4、 few，(a) little，none ，some，several，most 等，其后的介词多用 of。There are many books on the table，some of which are Professor Blacks.桌子上有许多书，其中有些是布莱克教授的。3 “名词介词关系代词”结构这个结构在引出的定语从句中作主语时，要注意谓语动词单复数的变化。A survey was carried out on the death rate of newborn babies in that region，the results of which were surprising
5、.曾经对那个地区新生儿死亡率进行过调查，其结果令人吃惊。4 “数词介词关系代词”结构There are more than 50 students in my class,26 of whom are girls.我班有 50 多个学生，其中 26 个是女生。5 “形容词介词关系代词”结构Our university has many laboratories，the largest of which was built last year.我们大学里有许多实验室，其中最大的是去年建的。6 “介词whose名词”结构whose 代表先行词的所有格引出定语从句， “whose名词 ”在从句中作介
6、词的宾语。The family at whose house we stayed are friends of my fathers.我们曾在他们家住过的那家人是我父亲的朋友。注意：from where 中的 where 为关系副词，可以引导定语从句。He climbed up to the top of the temple，from where he could see nothing but trees.他爬到庙顶，从那里他除了看到一些树什么也没看到。二、关系副词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系副词有：when，where ，why ，它们在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
7、1表时间的名词when定语从句(when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语)。常用 on which，in which，at which ，during which 等代替。I still remember the day when I went to the university.我依然记得我去上大学的那天。2表地点的名词where定语从句(where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语)。常用 in which，at which ，on which 等代替。The factory where he works is in the north of the city.他工作的那个工厂在这个城市的北
8、面。3表原因的名词(reason)why 定语从句(why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定语从句中，在定语从句中作原因状语)。可用 for which 代替。This is the reason why I was late for the class.这就是我上课迟到的原因。注意：当定语从句的先行词是 case，point，condition，situation，system，job，business 等抽象名词，且表示抽象地点时，定语从句的引导词用 where。The pilot was in a dangerous situation where he might lose con
9、trol of his plane.飞行员的情况很危险，他可能无法控制飞机。.单句语法填空1Selfdriving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.(2018江苏)2The ring was spread over the garden，where it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it.(2017浙江)3But my connection with pan
10、das goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas.(2016全国)4Many young people，most of whom were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016江苏)5Opposite is St.Pauls Church，where you c
11、an hear some lovely music.(2015北京)6Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2015浙江)7The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.(2015天津)8As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the
12、 time when he should be able to be independent.(2015陕西)9Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.(2015安徽).单句改错(仅有 1 处错误)They also had a small pond 或 they raised fish.(2018全国，短文改错) in whichwhere.单句语法填空1Family fights are the things about/at/by/over which
13、I feel upset.2This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.3He wrote many books ，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.4Who can think of a situation where this idiom can be used?5Gun control is a subject about/over which Americans have argued for a long time.6In Western culture,21 was the
14、 age at which young people traditionally received a key to their parents door.7April 1st is the day on which people make fun of others.8Last year my parents went to the farm where they worked 30 years ago.9I can never forget the day when we worked together and the day which/that we spent together.10
15、There are a lot of students here，none of whom like the film.单句改错(每小题仅有 1 处错误 )11The person to I spoke just now is my English teacher.whichwhom12There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands.whichwhere13Can you lend me the book about you talked the other day?thatwhich14We saw rows of
16、 houses，the roofs of were red.whosewhich15Do you know the reason 或 she has changed her mind? for whichwhy基础巩固.单句语法填空1After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.2Lucy is the person with whom I like to discuss my homework.3During the hurricane，one o
17、f the trees branches broke the bed in which the girl had been sleeping.4We are living in an age when many things are done on computers.5That is the reason why he doesnt like traveling by plane.6In this room，we saw a big table on which there were all kinds of fruits.7This is the man from whom I learn
18、ed about the news.8This is the computer where he has stolen top secret documents.9He didnt give any reason for which I had been fired.10The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.用定语从句合并下列句子11His bicycle broke down halfway.He was late for school.The reason why/for w
19、hich he was late for school was that his bicycle broke down halfway.12The store was broken into last night.My sister worked in the store.The store where/in which my sister worked was broken into last night.13Liu Yang will never forget the day.She was carried into space that day.Liu Yang will never f
20、orget the day when/on which she was carried into space.14Please hand me the book.Its cover is blue.Please hand me the book whose cover/the cover of which/of which the cover is blue.15The man is in charge of the hotel.You were so rude to the man just now.The man to whom you were so rude just now is i
21、n charge of the hotel.能力提升.阅读理解AWhen my daughter Sara was in the fifth grade，she came to me with a problem.“Marcy hates me！” she cried.“Because Kathy is my friend，too.She wants me to be her friend and nobody elses.You talk to Marcy.You tell her that I want to be her friend，but I can have other frien
22、ds， too！”Oh! I looked at her for a few moments，wondering how I got into this mess，when suddenly an idea came to me.Picking up two baskets from the living room，I explained， “When everyone is born，he or she has a little basket.This little one here is yours.The big one is mine.As you grow，so does the b
23、asket.You can see your little basket is inside mine because when you were born，there were too many things you couldnt do for yourself.I did everything you couldnt do on your own.”She nodded.“Well，as you grew older and began to do some things on your own，I began placing a few more things in your bask
24、et.When you learned to tie your shoes，that went in your basket.”She said softly， “I can tie my own shoes.”“Right.As you grow older，there will be more and more things you must do on your own.” As I spoke，I gradually took her basket out of mine and handed it to her.“You will finally carry your own bas
25、ket with things only you can do.”She looked up at me and said， “I understand.There are some things that I have to do for myself because they are in my basket.”语篇解读 上五年级的女儿就与朋友相处的问题向作者求助，作者用两个篮子的例子来教育女儿要学会自己解决一些问题。16What was Saras problem?AShe didnt have a basket.BShe didnt want her own basket.CHer m
26、other was too hard on her.DShe couldn t deal with her friendship.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Marcy hates me！ she cried.Because Kathy is my friend，too.She wants me to be her friend and nobody elses.You talk to Marcy.You tell her that.”可知，女儿遇到的麻烦是不会处理和别人的友谊。17What did the author feel when she heard her daugh
27、ters problem?AAngry. BCrazy.CHelpless. DProud.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第二段“Oh! I looked at her for a few moments，wondering how I got into this mess.”可知，作者在刚开始听到女儿的麻烦时，是束手无策的。故选 C 项。18We can infer that Sara .Awouldnt make friends with KathyBwould talk to Marcy herselfCwas too young to deal with anythingDmanage
28、d to persuade her mother to help her答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There are some things that I have to do for myself because they are in my basket.”可知，Sara 在听了作者的教导之后，应该会自己去和 Marcy谈谈。BOne Canada，Two LanguagesCanada is one of the few nations in the world to have two official languages：English and French.Ther
29、e are 10 provinces in the country，but only one of theseQuebec is known as “French Canada”This is because it was founded by French explorers while British adventurers discovered the rest.Canada left the British Empire(帝国) in 1867 to become an independent country，and English and French have been recog
30、nized as the official languages ever since.Most people speak English as their first language and the two national television networks broadcast in English throughout the country.Apart from in Quebec and a few places on the east coast， French television is very rare.The same goes for traffic signs an
31、d menus，for example，outside of Quebec，there are only a few places where youll see traffic signs in French.In restaurants，its almost impossible to find French on the menu unless you are in the heartland(中心地带) of French Canada.However，all products sold in Canada must，by law，have labels(标签) and instruc
32、tions in both languages.In Canadas Englishspeaking provinces，official bilingualism means that students can choose to complete a special French language course.Under this program，they are taught most of their subjects in French.If a student begins the course in kindergarten(幼儿园) or Grade One，it is li
33、kely that all his lessons will be in French.However，if he starts at junior high school,25 percent of the teaching will continue to be in English.语 篇 解 读 本 文 是 一 篇 说 明 文 ，主 要 讲 述 了 在 加 拿 大 英 语 和 法 语 并 存 的 现 象 。19Which country controlled Canada before its independence?AFrance. BThe British Empire.CAme
34、rica. DGermany.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Canada left the British Empire(帝国) in 1867 to become an independent country.”可知，选 B 项。20Where can you watch French television programs?AOnly in Quebec.BIn Quebec and a few other places.CFrom the two national television networks.DAll over Canada.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第
35、三段最后一句“Apart from in Quebec and a few places on the east coast， French television is very rare.”可知，除了魁北克和东部沿海少数几个地方外，其他地方很少有法语电视节目。21What does the underlined word “bilingualism” in the fifth paragraph mean?A外语教育 B母语教育C双语教育 D语言教育答案 C解析 词义猜测题。文章开篇点明加拿大是一个双语国家，英语和法语是官方语言。首先排除 A 项。然后仔细揣摩本段意思我们可以看出，在加拿大讲
36、英语的省份，双语教育(bilingualism)意味着学生可以选择一门专门用法语授课的课程，显然 C 项正确。22What do we know about the education in Canadas Englishspeaking provinces?AOnly English courses are offered.BIf you choose a special French language course in kindergarten，all of the lessons will be taught in French.CThe courses in primary scho
37、ols are all taught in English.DMost of the courses in junior high schools are taught in English.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知选 B。.七选五A new study explores the custom of tipping in the United States.Many Americans give tips to people who perform a job for them，especially workers in the service industry.The
38、researchers found that men give bigger tips to restaurant workers than women.And people who live in the northern US are more generous with tips than those living in the south.People who earn $50,000 or more a year give bigger tips than those who earn less than $50,000. 23 Michael Lynn is a professor
39、 of consumer behavior and marketing at the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration in New York. 24 In earlier surveys，Lynn said，he found mixed results on the generosity of men and women when it came to tipping.In some studies，men gave bigger tips than women. 25 Lynns own research found tha
40、t men gave bigger tips when the restaurant server was a woman and that women gave more when the server was a man.26 People who work at restaurants often get most of their earnings from tips.Nationwide，Americans generally tip between 15 to 20 percent at restaurants and leave from $2 to $10 a day for
41、the people who clean their hotel rooms. 27 If you are able to give the person serving you a tip or a bigger one than what is expected，your generosity will be welcome.Many service workers do not make much money，and even an extra dollar or two can make a difference in their lives.AIn others ， women ga
42、ve more money.BBut here is something to keep in mind.CTips are very important to service employees.DThey pay people a little extra money to cut their hair.EIn other words，he knows a lot about the issue of tipping.FTips of 15 percent are also common for people who take taxis.GOne likely reason：The we
43、althier Americans have more money to spend.语篇解读 在美国，给服务人员小费是约定俗成的事情，但小费的数目却有不同。本文根据一些研究的结果介绍了不同的人给小费的不同及为什么要给小费。23答案 G解析 上一句提到年薪 5 万美元及以上的人比年薪低于 5 万的人给的小费更多，G 项( 一个可能的原因是富裕一点儿的美国人有更多的钱花)紧承上文，解释了原因。24答案 E解析 上一句介绍了 Michael Lynn 的身份：他是一位研究消费者行为和销售的教授。因此，E 项(换句话说，他知道很多关于小费的问题) 紧承上文进行论述。25答案 A解析 上一句提到在一些
44、研究中，男性给的小费比女性多，A 项( 在另一些研究中，女性给的小费更多)与上一句形成对比，其中的 In others 与上一句中的 In some studies 相呼应。26答案 C解析 下文介绍了小费对餐饮业从业人员的重要性，他们的大部分收入都来自小费。C 项提到小费对服务行业的工作人员来说很重要，在此引出下文。27答案 B解析 上一句介绍了美国人给小费的标准，下文是作者提醒读者的事情：有能力多给小费就多给一些，有时一两美元就能帮到他们。B 项(但是，这件事你要记住)在此承上启下。.短文改错(2018辽宁大连渤海中学高一上期中)Dear John，Im so pleased to rec
45、eive your email.I feel exciting to know that you dream becoming a professional football player.I am looking forward to see an international football star，John.Im surely you will succeed.As for me，teaching was my dream job.The reason for this is why I would like to share my knowledges with my student
46、s and help them solve problems.Besides，staying with students helps to keep me young.To realize my dream，I have to devote me to my study and enter an normal university.What will you do for your dream and who is your most favorite football player?Yours，Li Hua答案Dear John，Im so pleased to receive your e
47、mail.I feel to know that you dream excitingexcited of/aboutbecoming a professional football player.I am looking forward to an international football seeseeingstar，John.Im you will succeed.As for me，teaching my dream job.The reason for surelysure wasisthis is I would like to share my with my students and help them solve whythat knowledgesknowledgeproblems.Besides，staying with students helps to keep me young.To realize my dream，I have to devote to my study and enter normal university.What will you do for your dream and memyself anawho is your most favorite football player?Yours，Li Hua