1、聚焦考点温习理解【复习要点】 完形填空题是对学生英语语言知识与语言运用能力的一种测试。其考查的形式灵活，综合性较强，要求考生能综合运用所学的知识在特定的语境中进行合理的推理判断，并能准确地从四个备选项中选出正确答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。 一完形填空题的特点 完形填空题能够较为准确地检查学生的各项知识水平和综合运用语言知识的能力。这种题型的主要考查内容为： 词语辨析、基本句型、基础语 法； 固定搭 配与习惯表达； 阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。近年来，完形填空题更侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。 完形填空题（cloze test）它有以下两大特点和规律： 第一，一篇完形填空题
2、是一个有机的整体。 尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。考生解题时必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。尤其要注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如so, but, however, then, therefore, also等。 第二，完形填空题选材广泛。 它涉及社会、政治、经济；文化、教育、历史、地理、科普知识、人物故事等。因此，考生做完形填空题时，要快速通览全文，了
3、解文章概貌与各段落的中心意思，把握文章主旨脉络，掌握文章作者的意图。二完形填空题的设空规律 为了对完形填空题的各种类型有一个深入的了解，探索一下该题型的设空规律是有必要的。 上下文直接信息题：本类题的设置特点是，四个选项之间不存在词义区别和用法比较。考生应着眼于对上下文信息的捕捉和对上下文暗示的领会。如下列“考题1”中的第 3、4小题。 词、句、文三结合理解题： 来源:ZXXK本类题的设置特点是：其中某一个或几个选项代入空白处会使句意不通或严重违背上下句意义的衔接或直接与短文内容不符，考生在做这类题时要对各选项的词义作准确的把握。如下列“考题1”中的第 1、2小题。 词义辨析题： 本类题的设置
4、特点是，各选项代入空中后该句的语法都是正确的，但是句子出现了几种不同的含义。在做这类题时，考生要认真比较各词之间的细微差别。如下列“考题1”中的第7、8 小题。 语法知识和固定短语考查题： 考生在解答本类题时要注意句子的语法结构要正确：如时态、语态等；对固定短语要注意其结构的完整性，如下列“考题B”中的第16小题。 行文逻辑和全文中心把握题：本类题的设空特点是：把各选项中的对象代入空格中可导致上下文之间出现因果关系、递进关系、转折关系、条件关系等。做本类题时，考生要注意全文的主线或脉络，仔细分析上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而准确地选出正确答案。三、完型填空之命题趋势剖析完型填空要求考生不仅要会运用
5、自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及单句完形填空题要求填入的词主要有：构成各种时态和用法区别的动词及短语动词；名词和介词；根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的形容词、副词、代词和连词；同义词、近义词等易混词。考查以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。难点主要集中在根据上下文作正确判断的词的用法上。1.题材：以故事性题材居多，历年中考故事小品类题材比例超过50% ，故事往往具有幽默性或富有哲理，其他还有科普小品、文化体育、风土人情、人物、史地等。2.体裁：完形填空选文的体裁也值得一提，以记叙文居多，同样在近年中考考试中记叙文比例超过50%。其他还有说明文应用文、议论
6、文等。3.命题形式：完型填空题的两空之间一般相隔7 10个词，短文首尾句一般不设填空题，每句中只有一个空。4.试题特点分析：分析近几年完型填空题可以发现以下一些规律：1)本题型设空以考查文意为主，也就是我们所说的“实词”名词、动词、形容词和副词等，比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势。2)降低对单词本身词意的考查要求，以突出本题的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。3)增加了考查连词的题，涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解。4)注意结合文意考查对词语用法的掌握。主要涉及两个方面：词义辨析与惯用搭配。同义与近义词的比较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义。如果只是一一对应地背
7、记单词的中文意思，不注意具体语境中单词的确切含意，是难以分辨一些词汇的细微差异的。5.题目的类型可分为：1)语言知识型，如各种语法规则、句型、句式等；还包括词汇型，测试单词在一定语境下的基本用法、习惯用法、常用搭配以及对其词义的记忆或其特定意义的理解和灵活运用。2)判断推理型，考查对篇章的整体理解、上下文段落的衔接、逻辑思维与判断推理能力。3)综合型，即对知识和能力综合运用的考查。四、完型填空之解题秘笈考试犹 如打仗，方可谓“知己知彼，百战不殆。”在了解了出题的原则和规律后，明白题目的考查点，再配以好的解题方法和思路，做完型填空题就不会再是学生们过不去的槛。那么，做完型填空的解题秘笈和步骤是什
8、么呢？在做完型填空题时，通常先弄清语境，并依据上下文进行合理的分析、判断，才能作出恰当的选择。具体可分为以下三步：1.通览全文，掌握大意。做题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。这是做好完形填空题的关键。因为完型填空的特点是着眼于整体理解。我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，“链条”从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。有些同学习惯于提笔就填或边读边填，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达。由于完形填空属障碍性阅读，所以抓住文章的首句(段 )和尾句(段) ，对把握文章的主旨和大意很有帮助，因为文章的首句是观察全文的“窗口” ，尾句是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，会带给我们有益的启示，
9、因此首先看一下文章的首句和尾句，使自己心中大概有个印象，我们应该依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。然后再去通读全文，不失为一个窍门。通读全文的方式也可因文而异，对较易把握大意的文章可采用粗读、速读的方式；而对理解稍有吃力的文章不妨放慢读速、慎读，但不管怎样读，注意力都应集中在文章的主线(或中心词) 、了解文章内容，从而确定进行推断、选择的基本思路。如果一开始就忙于见一空填一空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，造成顾此失彼，既影响准确率，也影响做题速度。2.先易后难，完成各项。通览全文后，对文章有了整体印
10、象，在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，这样会浪费不必要的时间。本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。综合考虑指的是根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则，把上下文的意思、句法结构、词类和语法功能、惯用法、逻辑推理常识等各种因素加在一起综合考虑
11、，仔细推敲。要准确判断出题目的类型，语法知识类较多地表现为动词时态、语态的选用或句子成分的辨识；词语知识方面的题目要从词性、词形区分，同义词语辨析、习惯搭配、习惯用语、结构词选择等方面考虑；情景推理题要注重跳出句子层次，注意句间的结构、意义上的连接和照应关系，有时还应在段与段之间、情节与情节之间或更大范围内上下文照应，因此对短文作“全景式 ”的总体把握对每一空的正确解答非常重要。注意句型、语法、词语搭配和习惯用法。3.复读全文，消除疏漏。完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数
12、、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。凡遇疑点，必须根据文章的中心思想，从意义、语法的角度来仔细权衡，除此之外，复读时对全篇文章的理解，检查全文是否前后贯通，再次将不合题意的答案调整或修改；如果实在无法确定，可以作推理性猜测，不可放弃不填。名师点睛典例分类【例 1】BOur neighborhood used to be very quiet. However, these days, 11 things are happening in our neighborhood and everyone is unhappy. Zhao Jun, the local school teacher is ex
13、tremely 12 .When he was interviewed by the local newspaper, he said, “Every night we hear strange noises 13 our window. My wife thinks that is could be an 14 , but my friends and I think it must be teenagers having 15 . My parents called the police, but they cant 16 anything strange. They think it m
14、ight be the 17 . I dont think so!“来源: 学Zhao Juns next door neighbor Xiang Dan is 18 , too. “At first, I thought it might be a cat, but I cant see a cat and I still hear the noises outside.“ Everyone in our neighborhood is worried, and everyone has his or her own 19 . There must be something 20 the h
15、omes in our neighborhood, but what is it?11 Ainteresting Bexciting Cstrange Dterrible12 Aworried Bpleased Csatisfied Drelaxed13 Aof Boutside Cfrom Dinside 来14 Aactor Baccident Cobject Danimal15 Atrouble Bfun Clessons Dsports16 Afind Bthink Cmake Dfeel17 Awater Blaughter Cmusic Dwind18 Acrazy Bsurpri
16、sed Cunhappy Dmad19 Aways Bmatters Chabits Dideas20 Acleaning Bvisiting Cbreaking Dmoving课时作业能力提升AOne day , I heard an American boy say to a Chinese girl student , “You speak very good English.” But the girl answered , “No, no. My English is very poor.” The foreigner was quite 21 at the answer. Thin
17、king he had not made himself understood or the girl had not 22 him clearly , he said , “Yes, indeed, you speak very well.” But the girl still kept saying , “No. ” In the end the American boy could not understand and didnt know 23 to say.Whats wrong with the girls answer ? She didnt 24 a compliment（恭
18、维）in the same way as the American people do. She should answer , “Thank you” instead of “No”. She 25 understood what the American boy had said , but she thought she should be modest. In the west , people will feel proud and confident when they are praised. So if someone says the dishes you have cook
19、ed are very delicious , you should say, “Thank you.”In our country we think being modest is a virtue（美德）and being proud is a bad thing. But in my opinion , being confident does not 26 being proud , so sometimes you should be confident 27 being modest.28 you are modest and say , “No, Im afraid I cant
20、 do it well” , while working in a western country , the others may think that you really cannot do it. If you often say “No”, you will certainly be looked down upon by 29 . When asking for a job , if one says something like “ Yes , I can certainly do it” instead of “ Let me have a try” , he or she w
21、ill 30 get it. So in the west , you should be brave to show your self-confidence.21 Aexcited Bsurprised Crelaxed Dfrightened22 Aheard Bwatched Clistened to D looked at23 Awhen Bwhich Cwhat Dhow24 Areceive Baccept Crefuse Ddisagree25 Ahardly Breally Crarely Dbadly26 Athink Bsay Cask Dmean27 Aas soon
22、as Bas well as Cinstead of Din spite of28 AUnless BUntil CWhether DIf29 Aanother Bthe other Cthe others Dothers30 Afail to Bexpect to Csucceed in Dbelieve inBA primary school in Canada has made some of its students very 31 by banning（禁止）homework.Teachers will still be able to ask students to 32 and
23、read at home, but they cannot give them homework like pages of math problems. The school will 33 the way students spend time in class to make sure they dont fall behind in their work.Some 34 think its a bad idea. They say homework is a way for them to know how their children are doing in school, and
24、 to help them if they are having problems.The school says it will send home an exercise book 35 parents can see how their children are doing. Several school in Canada and the United States have been discussing 36 homework is a good idea or not.In 2009, a study 37 that student with more homework may
25、get higher marks. But this was only true for students in the seventh grade and higher, not in primary school.Many people believe that homework is important because it 38 children to manage their time better. They say it also reinforces（巩固）what the students are learning in school.But other people thi
26、nk homework causes stress for students and makes them less interested 39 learning. They say childrens lives are too 40 , and they need to be able to spend more free time with their families, or just playing.31 Asad Bhappy Cangry Dafraid32 Aplay Bsing Cstudy Ddance33 Achange Bstop Cstudy Dcontinue34
27、Astudents Bparents Cteachers Dexperts35 Aso Bbut C or Dif36 Awhy Bwhether. Chow Dwhat37 Atold Bguessed Ctested Dfound38 Atells Bforces Cteaches Dadvices39 Aat Bin . Con Dfor40 Afree Binteresting Crelaxing DbusyCOnce there was a boy named Shankar. He made a living by selling 41 . One day，when he was
28、collecting wood in the forest，he saw an old man who was very hungry. Shankar wanted to give him some 42 , but he didnt have any. After some time，he saw a giraffe who was very 43 . He wanted to give him some water，but he didnt have any water，either. So he had to 44 his way. Then he saw a man who want
29、ed to build a house， 45 he did not have any wood. Shankar gave some of his wood to him. In return, the man 46 him some food and water. Quickly Shankar went back and helped the old man and the giraffe. Both the old man and the giraffe 47 him a lot. Then，Shankar went on his way happily.However，soon Sh
30、ankar fell down a hill. He was badly hurt and couldnt move. 48 ，the old man and the giraffe who he had helped saw him. The old man pulled him 49 the hill and the giraffe brought him some herbs. After some time Shankar got well and 50 walk again. All were very happy that they could help each other.41
31、 Aflowers Bwood Cnewspaper Dherbs42 Afood Bmoney Cwater Dadvice43 Aangry Bhungry Cthirsty Dfunny44 Acontinue Bstop Crest Dstand45 Aunless Bor Cso Dbut46 Asold Blent Cmade Dgave47 Athanked Bneeded Chelped Dasked48 AEspecially BLuckily CProbably DMainly49 Ain Bout Cup Ddown50 Awas afraid to Bwas willi
32、ng to Cwas supposed to Dwas able toDA lady wanted a birthday gift from her husband. For many months she had liked a beautiful 51 , and knowing her husband could 52 it, she told him that was all she wanted. On the morning of the birthday , her husband told her how 53 he was to have such a good wife,
33、and how much he loved her. He gave her a beautiful gift package (纸盒). She opened it and found a Bible. 54 , she raised her voice and said to her husband, “With all your money, you give me a Bible?” She was so upset that she left him.Many years passed and the lady was very 55 in business. She owned t
34、wo large companies. She 56 her husband was very old, and thought perhaps she should go to visit him. But before she could, she 57 a letter telling her that he had died, and gave all of his possessions (财产) to her. She needed to come back and take care of things. When she arrived at his house, sadnes
35、s filled her heart. She saw the still new 58 , just as she had left it years before. With tears , she opened it and began to turn the pages. A ring 59 from the Bible to the floor and a card could be seen. She picked it up and found it was the ring she wanted in those days. And on the card was the da
36、te of her birth, and the words “LOVE U ALWAYS”. 60 your gift is not packaged the way you want it, its because it is better packaged the way it is! Always appreciate little things; they usually lead you to bigger things! The best and most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or even touched f
37、or they must be felt with the heart .51 Awatch Bring Ccoat Dbox52 Aafford Blike Cdesign Dguess53 Aproud Bkind Csorry Dbrave 来源:Zxxk.Com54 APolitely BLightly CPatiently DAngrily55 Adifficult Blonely Csuccessful Dpoor56 Awondered Bhoped Crealized Dexplained57 Apassed Bwrote Csent Dreceived58 Acar BBib
38、le Cletter Dtable 来源:59 Ahid Bdropped Cdisappeared Dmade60 AIf BBut CAlthough DSoEOn November 5th, 1872, the ship Mary Celeste left New York for Italy. The captain (船长), his wife and daughter and seven sailors were on this ship. But something 61 happened. The captain of another ship found Mary Celes
39、te floating in the sea on December 4th, 1872. The captain, his family and the sailors were not on the ship and were never 62 .What happened? Why did the captain, the sailors and the 63 leave the ship? Mary Celeste was not 64 . Everything was good. There was no fighting, no fire and no smoke sign. Th
40、ere was enough 65 and drinking water. There were signs that the captain, his family and the sailors had 66 the ship in a hurry. We could tell all these because there was half-eaten food on the table. The sailors also left all 67 clothing behind.How and when did the people leave the ship? Some people
41、 said that the lifeboat (救生艇) was still on the ship 68 others said it was missing. The captains diary was found on the ship and the last passage was written on November 24th. So, we could only 69 that something happened between November 24th and December 4th.A man went aboard the ship several times
42、to 70 the answers to all these questions. But he could not find any. No one else has solved the mystery yet.61 Astupid Bterrible Cfantastic Dsimilar62 Afound Bprotected Cintroduced Dvisited63 Aworkers Bengineers Cpatients Dpassengers64 Abright Bwide Cbroken Dexpensive65 Atime Bfood Cenergy Dspace66
43、Asold Bleft Cpushed Dcontrolled67 Ahis Bher C their Dyour68 Aso Bbut C unless Dbecause69 Aadvise Bregret Creport Dguess70 Asearch for Bpay for Cprepare for Dcare for聚焦考点温习理解【复习要点】 完形填空题是对学生英语语言知识与语言运用能力的一种测试。其考查的形式灵活，综合性较强，要求考生能综合运用所学的知识在特定的语境中进行合理的推理判断，并能准确地从四个备选项中选出正确答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。 一完形填空题的特点
44、 完形填空题能够较为准确地检查学生的各项知识水平和综合运用语言知识的能力。这种题型的主要考查内容为： 词语辨析、基本句型、基础语法； 固定搭配与习惯表达； 阅读理解能力和逻辑推理能力。近年来，完形填空题更侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。 完形填空题（cloze test）它有以下两大特点和规律： 第一，一篇完形填空题是一个有机的整体。 尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。考生解题时必须自始至终
45、依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间，从语法到意义的合理搭配。尤其要注意短文中承上启下的过渡词等，如so, but, however, then, therefore, also等。 第二，完形填空题选材广泛。 它涉及社会、政治、经济；文化、教育、历史、地理、科普知识、人物故事等。因此，考生做完形填空题时，要快速通览全文，了解文章概貌与各段落的中心意思，把握文章主旨脉络，掌握文章作者的意图。二完形填空题的设空规律 为了对完形填空题的各种类型有一个深入的了解，探索一下该题型的设空规律是有必要的。 上下文直接信息题：本类题的设置特点是，四个选项之间不存在词义区别和用法比较。考生应着眼于对上下文信息的捕捉和对上下文暗示的领会。如下列“考题1”中的第 3、4小题。 词、句、文三结合理解题： 本类题的设置特点是：其中某一个或几个选项代入空白处会使句意不通或严重违背上下句意义的衔接或直接与短文内容不符，考生在做这类题时要对各选项的词义作准确的把握。如下列“考题1”中的第 1、2小题。