1、2019 中考英语短文首字母、改错、阅读基础题（1）及答案一、阅读理解。A（2019 中考日常生活类训练）Dear Sunday Globe,I am writing to tell you about your article Smartphones Make Life Easier in last Sundays newspaper. You did an excellent job explaining the good points of smartphones, but you didnt talk about their bad points at all. So, I hope
2、youll let me give your readers some advice on smartphone etiquette (礼仪). The first point Id like to address is loudness. When you talk on your smartphone in public, please dont shout. In fact, the microphones in smartphones are very sensitive (灵敏的 ). So, you can be heard even if you speak quietly.An
3、other point is about personal space. I dont think it is polite to make calls in small spaces full of people. This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business. Whats worse, it stops many face-to-face conversations from ever beginning.Lastly, doing two things at the
4、same time is dangerous. For example, making calls while driving is a bad habit. Pay attention to the road! Similarly, when staying with your friends, turn off your smartphone and enjoy their company.Yours truly,Amber Jala1. Amber Jala wrote the letter to _ .A. find a good job B. provide adviceC. mak
5、e her life easier D. buy a smartphone2. What does the underlined word “address” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. 致函 B. 称呼 C. 陈述 D. 选址3. According to Paragraph 3, what makes people around you uncomfortable?A. Discussing face-to-face. B. Speaking quietly on your phone.C. Minding your own business. D. C
6、alling in small spaces full of people.4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is dangerous to drive on the road.B. It is easy to start a company with others.C. It is bad to turn off our phones while driving.D. It is important to use our smartphones properly.参考答案 1B 2C 3D 4DB左栏是五个学生的兴趣爱好，右
7、栏是七个社团的介绍，请为左栏的每位学生选择一个合适的社团。( )11.Cherry wants to join a club that will keep her fit and active, but because she has a part-time job every workday evening, she is only available to take part on the weekends.( )12.David is a new student at the university, whose major is English literature. He is a l
8、ittle shy, so he is hoping to join a club that can help him get to know new people and build his confidence.( )13.Bonnie is majoring in drama and wants to be a writer when she graduates. She is interested in reading books and discovering new stories that she may one day be able to turn into movies.
9、As her home is far from the university, she is only free during the day to take part.( )14.Betty is studying film making and one day hopes to become a director. But she thinks her ability to create beautiful visual images is not strong enough so she has recently purchased a camera to help her practi
10、ce.A.Photography ClubWe plan to meet every Tuesday and Thursday evening after school from 6 pm. to 8 pm.BHiking SocietyMembers meet every Saturday to discuss their hiking trips and twice a month. We arrange trips to different parts for members to go on mountain walks.CFilm ClubThe club is for studen
11、ts who love movies. Every Tuesday and Friday evening we hold a meeting in which a great new movie or a classic film is discussed and reviewed.DDancing ClubMembers are invited to dancing practice every Monday evening from 7 pm. to 10 pm. and we hold dance parties with students from other universities
12、 once a month.EEnglish SocietyWe plan to have regular foreign guests come to our weekly meetings every Wednesday evening at 7：30 and we show English language movies that can help you practice your English.( )15.Jack is a first year geography student who would like to learn more about the geography o
13、f the local area. He is also worried about passing the English test that all students must take at the end of their first year of study. He has to return to his home to help his parents every weekend, so he is only free during weekdays.FBook ClubMembers meet each week to discuss and recommend books
14、to each other.Meetings are lunch times on Fridays. All members qualify for a 20% discount on all books purchased from the Xinhua Book Store.GTennis ClubMembers will be trained twice a week and there are many competitions for our members to join. Come and join us and enjoy your happy hours here！参考答案
15、1115 B D F A EC（2019 中考训练题）People often think of the North Pole(北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰冻的)wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.The North Pole has no land,
16、 only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as -30F. Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. About 100 years ago, two men, Rober
17、t Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极圈) on foot. People who stayed there may face many probl
18、ems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a difficult place.People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement
19、of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water(水道) called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.1This passage is probably from _.A a book review B a science bookC
20、 a school report D a computer magazine2According to the passage, what happened about 100 years ago ?A Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.B Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32F.C The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.D The North Pole changed into thick ice becau
21、se of the temperatures.3What does the underlined word “uninhabited” probably mean in Chinese?A 气候恶劣的 B 充满危险的 C 困难重重的 D 无人居住的4The reason for the ice to break into two opening lanes of water is _.A that the temperature suddenly drops B that the water under the ice is frozenC that the ocean water under
22、 the ice moves D that the surface is covered with lots of ice5What does this passage mainly talk about?A The thick ice in the North Pole.B A difficult trip to the North Pole.C The real situation in the North Pole.D The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole.【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇科普文，介绍了北极点的有关
23、情况。首先指出北极和南极并不像人们想象的那么相像，接着从冰层厚、气温低等方面介绍恶劣的环境，然后插入了 100多年前两个人克服重重困难走到北极的故事，证明了北极的大部分地区无人居住。最后介绍了海水在冰下的运动常常会引起表面上许多不同的变化。1题意：这篇文章可能是从_。考查综合理解题。A. a book review 一本书评；B. a science book 一本科学书；C. a school report 一则学术报告；D. a computer magazine 一本计算机杂志。短文是一则科普文，根据它的体裁，应该摘自于科学书。故选 B。2题意：根据这篇文章，大约 100 年前发生了什么
24、？考查细节理解题。A. Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.两个人成功地到达了北极点。根据 About 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Mathew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties.可知，说法正确，可选。B. Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32F.北极点的温度超过华氏 32 度。根据原文句子 Temperatu
25、res seldom go above 32F ，可知温度极少能超过华氏 32 度，故说法错误。C. The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.北极的环境突然变得更糟了，短文没有提及，故说法错误。D. The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.北极由于气温变化变成厚厚的冰，根据 However, this is not true in the Arctic.可知，说法错误。根据文意，可知选 A。3题意：下划线的“uninhabited”
26、这个词在汉语中是什么意思？考查词义理解题。few 一点，表否定意义。根据下文提示 Few people can live in such a difficult place.，可知很少有人能生活在这样困难的地方。故选 D。4题意：冰块断做两口水道的原因是_。考查细节理解题。A. that the temperature suddenly drops 气温突然下降； B. that the water under the ice is frozen 冰下的水结冰了；C. that the ocean water under the ice moves 冰下的海水移动了；D. that the s
27、urface is covered with lots of ice 表面覆盖着很多冰。根据短文最后的内容 The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “leads”.，可知选 C。5题意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么？考查文意理解和综合理解题。A. The thick ice in the North Pole. 北
28、极点厚厚的冰；B. A difficult trip to the North Pole. 艰难的北极点之行；C. The real situation in the North Pole. 北极点的实际情况；D. The differences between the North Pole and the South Pole. 北极点和南极点之间的差异。本文的主要内容就是介绍北极点的有关情况。根据文意，可知选 C。点睛：对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题
29、主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。2) 文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。例如，第 4 题，题意：冰块断做两口水
30、道的原因是_。考查细节理解题。A. that the temperature suddenly drops 气温突然下降；B. that the water under the ice is frozen 冰下的水结冰了；C. that the ocean water under the ice moves 冰下的海水移动了；D. that the surface is covered with lots of ice 表面覆盖着很多冰。根据短文最后的内容 The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many di
31、fferent changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water called “leads”.，可知选 C。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。二、短文首字母填空。根据短文内容及首字母提示完成短文。 （每空一词）What can you do to keep healthy? Perhaps for
32、children, healthy eating is one of the most important things. Here are some ideas about h 1 to eat healthily.A good breakfast is very important to children. Its n 2 to have it in the morning. But some children often go to school without breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little l 3 . Remem
33、ber that a good breakfast will help you study better.“My dream is that all the Chinese children can get half a kilogram of milk a day.“ The Chinese Premier(总理) Wen Jiabao said this during his v 4 to a milk farm. Milk is also very important to childrens health. It makes children grow stronger. Its be
34、tter for you to drink a glass of warm milk b 5 going to bed. That will help you have a good s 6 .Having healthy food is the most important. That means eating lots of different kinds of food, e 7 fruits and vegetables. Dont eat too much chocolate o 8 ice-cream. Some of you p 9 to eat fast food, but i
35、n fact it is not good for your health. Try to eat healthy food as much as possible. Have healthy eating h 10 , and you will have a strong body.【参考答案 】1.how 2.necessary 3.longer 4. visit 5. before 6.sleep 7. especially 8.or 9.prefer 10.habits三、短文改错。答题要求：此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(
36、) ；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线() 划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no 1._play make Jack a dull boy?What this means is that if you 2._study all the times you will bec
37、ome a boring person. You 3._must go out and having fun with your friends, otherwise 4. _you will lose him. No one wants to be friends with the 5._person who that only works and studies. Perhaps you have 6._a confidence problem. Please try remember that the work 7._you do is for yourself rather than for anyone else. You do 8._not have to compete your classmates. No one can be 9._happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week. 10._参考答案 1. fromof/about 2. makemakes 3. timestime 4. havinghave 5. himthem 6. that 去掉 7. try 后加 to 8.正确 9. compete 加 against/with 10. happierhappy