1、2019 中考英语短文首字母、改错、阅读基础题（11）及答案一、阅读理解。A（2019 中考日常生活类训练）Could your best friend make you fat?Researchers who have studied“networks”of obesity(肥胖) think so：they found that if someones friend becomes obese, that persons chances of becoming obese increase by more than half.Brothers or sisters and a husban
2、d or a wife also have an influence, although reduced_people whose brothers or sisters became obese were 40 percent more likely to grow obese, while people whose husband or wife became obese were 37 percent more likely to.“This is the first study to show how obesity spreads through the social network
3、 from person to person， ”James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, who worked on the study, told in a telephone interviewing.The researchers said their findings show that obesity is contagiousnot like a virus which is contagious, but in a social sense.It may help explain why obesity i
4、s worsening across the United States, with twothirds of Americans overweight and almost a third technically obese.“It has become very popular to speak of the obesity epidemic.We began to wonder if it is truly an epidemic， ”Dr.Nicholas Christakis, a professor of medical sociology at Harvard Medical S
5、chool in Boston, told the briefing.“We think that these findings reinforce(加强) the idea that obesity is not just an individual problem but a collective problem， ”Christakis said.“People look around them and see people gaining weight and it might change their attitude about what constitutes an accept
6、able body size， ”he added.“You might say its OK to be heavier.”1The underlined phrase“reduced people”refers to_.Athe influence of people is smaller and smallerBfat persons are having less and less friendsCthe number of fat persons is decreasing largelyDpersons are becoming thinner and thinner2Whats
7、the new finding of researchers in the passage?AObesity is popular with Americans.BObesity spreads from person to person.CObesity can be spread like a virus.DObesity is becoming an epidemic.3In what aspect do your fat friends have an impact on you?AThey may influence you how to choose a lover.BThey m
8、ay assist you in forming a life value.CThey may change your attitudes towards obesity.DThey may help you understand what obesity is.4From the passage，we can infer that_.Aits better not to make friends with fat personsBobesity is a kind of disease that can spreadCmost Americans think obesity is a kin
9、d of beautyDit needs a collective effort to deal with obesity参考答案 1A 2B 3C 4DB左栏是 5 个不同人物的出游信息， 右栏是 7 则旅游广告， 请为他们选择最佳的旅游去处。( )11. Sam would like to climb one of the most beautiful mountains in China one day. He wants to see the beautiful sights and enjoy the fresh air.( )12. Maggie likes traveling a
10、round. Shed like to see some A. Welcome to ParisParis is the capital of France and one of the liveliest cities in Europe. It has some fantastic sights: Eiffel Tower, Notre Dame, one of the most famous churches in the world.B. Himalayas ClimbingThe Himalayas is the highest mountain in the world. You
11、might come to the Himalayas to see and climb up he mountains, and once falls and take some photos of the beautiful sights.( )13. Liu Hao lives in the north.Hed like to travel to somewhere warm and he can sail a lot there.( )14. Lucy has been working very hard for a long time.Shed just like to relax
12、on a beach in the coming vacation.( )15. The Smiths plan to make a trip this summer to somewhere in China. It must be a place where they can see ice and snow and something special.youre there, youll discover more.C. Niagara Falls TourDo you want to see falls? Then Niagara Falls is the place to be! B
13、ook now! We have special tours at a low price.D. Travel to Huangshan MountainHuangshan Mountain is the most famous mountain in China.The air is fresh and clean. Its famous for pine-trees, clouds, stones and spring.E. Yu Long MountainThe mountain is covered with snow all the year around and it is sai
14、d that the ice and snow can be thousands of years old. You can also visit Lijiang Old Town.F. Florida BeachTravel to Florida and experience the beaches of South Walton! Each Florida beach has its special feel. Walking on the sand, looking at the clear blue water, you cant find a better place to rela
15、x.G. Hawaii Sailing2,100 miles Southwest of California lies Hawaii. Around it is the ocean.The summers are warm but not hot. The winters are warm, too. If you like sailing, Hawaii is the place to be! You can sail quite a lot everyday.参考答案 1115 D C G F EC（2019 中考训练题）Dear Mr Scott,I expect you may be
16、slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to raise a theme that it will be easier for me to discuss in writing. You may have noticed that I have a line of apple trees running along the fence（栅栏）that separates our two gardens. You may also have felt happy when yo
17、u see your two children sitting on your grass by the fence. And you may also have noticed that my apple trees bend over the fence and seem to look down at your children with interest. It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that interest. And it is quite legal（合法的）for t
18、hem to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence. But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of seeing your children, day after day, destroy the branches of every one of my apple trees. And it seems that a war has been fought on one side of my apple t
19、rees. Besides, I am more tired of waking up on these fine autumn mornings to find even the apples on MY side of the fence much less in number. I know this too is the work of your children, since last night I was woken at midnight by the noise they were making when climbing one of my trees, and (as t
20、hey may have told you) I drove them away. Yours sincerely, Becky Aldrin 1What is this?A A complaint letter. B An invitation letter.C A thank-you letter. D A recommendation letter.2Which season was it?A Spring. B Summer. C Autumn. D Winter.3What did the two children do last night?A They sat on the gr
21、ass. B They ran along the fence.C They destroyed the branches. D They climbed an apple tree.4How was Becky Aldrin when she wrote this letter?A Polite but serious. B Surprised but happy.C Angry and rude. D Tired and uninterested.5What did Becky Aldrin wish Mr Scott to do next?A Be kind to his neighbo
22、ur B Make friends with his children.C Have a talk with his children. D Grow apple trees in his garden.【解析】这篇短文是 Becky 写给 Scott 的一封信，他们两个是邻居， Becky 沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是 Scott 先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告诉 Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。1主旨大意题。这篇短文是 Becky Aldrin 写给 Scott 先生的一封信，根据信中 But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I
23、 am tired of seeing your children, day after day, destroy the branches of every one of my apple trees. Besides, I am more tired of waking up on these fine autumn mornings to find even the apples on MY side of the fence much less in number. I know this too is the work of your children 可知，她是在向 Scott 先
24、生抱怨，因为 Scott 先生家的孩子毁坏了她的苹果树，还偷她的苹果。因此这些一封抱怨信，故选 A。2推理判断题。根据短文中 And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence.可知，现在苹果树上已经结苹果了，因此应该是秋季。故选 C。3细节理解题。根据短文的最后 since last night I was woken at midnight by the noise they were makin
25、g when climbing one of my trees 可知，昨天晚上，Scott 先生家的两个孩子爬上了 Becky Aldrin 的一棵苹果树，由此可知应选 D。4推理判断题。从 Becky 写的这封信中的一些文字，如 I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to 、It is only natural that、And it is quite legal、But to tell you the truth, Mr Scot
26、t, I am tired of等等，我们可以看到她写信的语气是很委婉、有礼貌的，但同时她也严肃地提出了这个问题，故应选 A，有礼貌但严肃的。B 是惊奇的但开心的；C 是生气的、粗鲁的；D 是累的、不感兴趣的。5推理判断题。这封信中 Becky 向 Scott 先生抱怨了他的孩子们的所作所为，她的目的应该是希望 Scott 先生能和他的孩子好好的谈一谈，不要再去破坏她的苹果树了。故应选 C。点睛：这篇短文是 Becky 写给 Scott 的一封信，他们两个是邻居， Becky 沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是 Scott 先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告诉 Scott 先生
27、，希望他能处理一下。文章内容贴近学生的日常生活，比较容易理解。对于这篇短文和题目来说，理解文意是次之，而最主要的是学生们在阅读的时候，能够读出作者的写作意图以及她的写作语气。后面的题目也考查了这一点，例如第 4 小题，问的就是 Becky 在写信时的感受，根据文意可知，虽然在信中 Becky 向 Scott 先生抱怨了他的孩子的不好的行为，但整篇文章 Becky 的语气都是很委婉的，如开头的这句话 I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have
28、 to以及文章中 It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that interest. And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence.这两句话站在对方的角度想问题，这些语言都让我们能够看出 Becky 是很礼貌、很认真的讲述问题，故应选A。二、短文首字母填空。在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通
29、顺， 每空格限填一 词，首字母已给。Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents dont (1)u them. They often think their parents are too strict (2)w them.Parents often find it difficult to win their (3)c trust, and they seem to forget how they themselves felt when they w
30、ere young.For example, young people like to do things without much (4)t . Its one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can solve any difficult (5)p . But older people always think (6)m than young people. Most of them plan things ahead and dont like their plans to be (7)c , so when you wa
31、nt your parents to let you do something, you will succeed easily if you ask before you really start doing it.Young people often make their parents angry by the (8)c they wear, the music they enjoy and something else. But they dont mean to cause any trouble. They just want to be cut off(摆脱) from the
32、old peoples world and they are (9)t to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents dont like their music or clothes or their ways of speech, the young people feel very sad. Sometimes instead of going out with their parents, they just want to stay at home (10)a and do what they like.If you
33、plan to do something, youd (11)b win your parents over and get them to understand you, if so, your parents will certainly let you do (12)w you want to do. 【参考答案】1understand 2with 3childrens 4thinking/thought 5problems 6More 7changed/corrected 8clothes 9trying 10alone 11better 12what/whatever三、短文改错。（
34、2019 中考选练）One summer evening, I was playing and some childs by a river. We saw a lot of frogs(青蛙) in the water. One of us said, “Lets to see who can Catch most frogs.” Then we began. After while we caught a lot. We are having a good time when a farmer shouted at us. “Dont caught frogs!” Then he told us how importance they are to farming. They eat a lot of bad insects(害虫)every year, Caught frogs must be stopped. After hear that, we felt very sorry.