1、山西 2019 中考英语：短文七选五类练习（二）及解析Passage 1请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有两项为多余项。There are some skills for students to listen to teacher in class, which means youre going to have to practice it. Just as you would have to practice basketball to be a better player, you also have to practi
2、ce listening. How to listen in school? 1 One of the things you need to do is to make sure that your mind doesnt wander(漫游). Its easy to start thinking about other things, especially when youre not interested in the subject. 2 Next, listen for the main ideas. If you want to catch every little piece o
3、f information, youll feel tired and bored. 3 Not only does this show respect to the teacher, it also helps prevent your mind from wandering. 4 Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldnt be, it can even be some birds outside the classroom window, or a group of kids who are ta
4、lking loudly as they pass the door to your room. Finally, you need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said. Youll have to take down the notes so that you can study it after class. 5 Listening isnt always easy, but if you follow these simple steps, youll be much more s
5、uccessful in your classes. A. Here are some suggestions. B. Youll also need to look at the teacher. C. Helping with each other is a good way. D. You dont need to take too many notes in class. E. It might be a friend who is trying to pass you a note.F. Taking notes also makes you pay attention to the
6、 class. G. So make yourself pay attention to what the teacher is saying. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何高效听课给出了几条建议：首先要集中注意力；其次听课要抓住主要内容；最后上课时要做笔记。1.A【解析】根据前面句子“How to listen in school？”以及下面给出具体建议可知此处总述下文将提到的几点建议，故选 A。2. G【解析】根据本段第一句 “One of the things youll need to do is to make sure that your mind doesnt wa
7、nder(漫游).”可知本段主要讲的是注意力的事，故选 G。3. B【解析】前面讲述“ 如果你想要记住所有信息，你会感到累和无聊”，再结合后面“这样不仅显示了对老师的尊敬”可知空后主要讲述这样做有何好处，因此该空应具体说明如何做。故选 B。4. E【解析】根据前面句子“it also helps prevent your mind from wandering.”再结合后面句子“Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldnt be”可知此处也是一种走神的情况，故选 E。5. F【解析】根据本段第一句“Fin
8、ally, you need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said.”可知本段讲的是记笔记的好处，故选 F。Passage 2请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。Here are some tips on listening. We hope it can help you in one way or another.Relax yourself.Before you start to listen to so
9、mething, you need to relax. 1 This will help you with your listening.Listen carefully to the first sentence.2 For example, if at the very beginning, you hear “Many shops in many parts of China have decided to take away all kinds of Japanese goods off their shelves but some people say its not a good
10、idea. Our reporter says” You know you will hear a piece of news, not a childrens story, or a science report.Think when youre listening.When youre listening, try to do some thinking. 3 What happened, when, where and how? What was the result and what does the speaker want to tell us? This way, you may
11、 understand the passage better.4 Its important for you to remember some important facts. For example, if the passage is a science report, you should try to remember its findings and how the scientists got their results.Dont think about one or two words for too longYou may hear some words that you do
12、nt know, but dont spend too much time on them. 5 But you can remember some words or sentences that you think are important, and you can use them when youre answering the questions.A. Listen for important facts.B. Dont get nervous or excited.C. The first sentence tells a lot about the whole passage.
13、D. For example, you can think of the following questions. E. If you dont understand what you listened, youd better listen it again and again.F. Very often, youll find out what they mean later when you go on with the listening.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关听力的一些技巧问题。1. B【解析】根据前句“Before you start to listen
14、to something, you need to relax.”可知此处所讲内容与听听力应该保持什么样的状态有关，结合备选项可知 B 项符合语境。2. C【解析】根据后句“For example, if at the very beginning”可知此处所讲内容与听开头的句子有关,结合备选项可知 C 项符合语境。3. D【解析】根据本段的小标题 “Think when youre listening”可知此处介绍与思考有关，再结合空后一句“What happened, when, where and how?”可知此处是要思考这些问题。结合备选项可知 D 项符合语境。4. A【解析】分析可
15、知此处空格位于小标题处，起到总结本段的作用。结合本段内容及备选项可知 A 项符合。故选 A。5. F【解析】根据前句“You may hear some words that you dont know, but dont spend too much time on them.”可知此处所讲内容与在听听力的过程中遇到生单词的情况下应该怎么做有关。结合备选项可知 F 项符合语境。Passage 3请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。Time is something that we all are taking f
16、or granted these days. We spend hours watching TV or playing mobile games, thinking that this is very normal. However, I find it a waste of time. 1 Every second is valuable and we should rethink of the ways of spending our time.Firstly, spend time in doing things that are really important. Spend tim
17、e with your family and friends. Enjoy a nice hot meal and eat it slowly. 2 Little things like this may seem meaningless. But the truth is that the little things matter most in life.Secondly, you have to know what is done cannot be undone. 3 Every day is a new adventure. You have to keep your eyes an
18、d ears open to the new opportunity. It may not be an opportunity like an immediate chance you can get, but it may be an opportunity for new experiences.4 If you have only one chance to do something for someone, why not try your best to do it? It should not matter whether you will be rewarded or not.
19、 You will take pride in your work because youve done your best. Trust me, your efforts will be rewarded in the end.Lastly, every moment you spend time in doing things is the time taken from your life.5 That is not your lifes worth. The value of your time is measured by how you spend it and whom you
20、choose to spend it with. A. Make a proper time schedule.B. Do not allow your mind to stay in the past.C. Because it is hours of our lives that we can never get back.D. Give yourself time to play and spend enough time in sleeping.E. Dont spend your time in working day and night just for money. F. The
21、n, do your best in every task as if the world will end tomorrow.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要就如何充分利用时间提出了以下几点建议：在真正重要的事上花时间；明白已经发生的无法挽回；每次尽全力做事；不要浪费时间。1. C【解析】根据空前“However, I find it a waste of time.”以及上下文语境可知此处是在进一步解释为什么这些行为是在浪费时间。结合备选项可知 C 项符合语境。2. D【解析】根据本段的主题句 “Firstly, spend time in doing things that are r
22、eally important.”以及上下文所讲的内容可知此处表示“将时间花在一些看似不重要而实际上却重要的事上”。结合备选项可知 D 项符合语境。3. B【解析】根据空前“.you have to know what is done cannot be undone.”可知此处表示已经做了的事无法改变，结合备选项可知 B 项符合语境，表示不要让自己沉浸在过往里，故选B。4. F【解析】根据空后“If you have only one chance to do something for someone, why not try your best to do it?”可知此处所填内容与尽自
23、己最大努力做某事有关。结合备选项可知 F 项符合语境。5. E【解析】根据空后“That is not your lifes worth.”可知空处所填内容并非人生的意义和价值。结合备选项可知 E 项符合语境。Passage 4请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。More and more children have to stay at home alone today. 1 If you are one of them, you should remember the following rules:Arriv
24、e at your homeWhen you come home, you should check the doors and windows to see if they are broken. 2 If something seems strange, or someone may be in the house, you should go to your neighbors house and call the police.Answer the doorIf someone knocks at the door, you should identify the visitor be
25、fore you open the door. 3 Or are they strangers who you never know? You can ask “Who is it?” through the closed door.You can also look through the peephole(透视孔) to see if you know the visitor. 4 You should not allow strangers to enter the house or give out any information about your family.You shoul
26、d be polite when you talk with the stranger. 5 If the visitor wants to speak to your parents, you should say that your parents cant come to the door at the moment, and offer to take a message.A. Are they your parents, friends or relatives?B. But remember to stay behind the closed door. C. If you don
27、t know the person, dont open the door. D. If everything appears normal, you should go inside and lock the door quickly.E. If you are afraid of staying at home, you can ask your friends to stay with you.F. It is important for them to know how to keep themselves safe when they are at home by themselve
28、s.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要针对孩子们独自待在家时怎样保证自己的安全给出了建议。1. F【解析】分析语境可知本空是个过渡句，承前启后。空前句子为“现在越来越多的孩子不得不独自待在家里”，后句是提醒他们记住以下规则。分析选项可知 F 项“对他们来说，知道独自在家时如何保证安全很重要。 ”符合语境。故选 F。2. D【解析】本段的主题是回家的时候如何判断有没有危险。空后的句子是关于有不正常情况时的做法，故本句是关于一切正常情况下的做法。故选 D。3. A【解析】本空前面提到，如果有人敲门，要辨别来访者是谁。故选项 A“他们是你的父母、朋友或者亲戚吗？”正好与前句衔接。故选 A。4. C【
29、解析】由空后的句子可知此处是关于陌生人来敲门的应对策略。分析选项可知 C 项“如果你不认识那个人，不要开门。 ”符合语境。故选 C。5. B【解析】本空前提到与陌生人交谈要礼貌，且本文是关于安全策略的，故选项 B“但是记得待在锁好的门后。 ”能与前句自然衔接。故选 B。Passage 5请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。In schools across the world, you will find a kind of students who have ability to take part in cla
30、ssroom discussion. 1 They are simply talking with the same freeness and ease(自在)that most of us have when chatting with friends.But for some other students, theyre quite afraid of speaking in front of people. Why cant they do it? 2 But as soon as the teacher starts trying to have a discussion, and e
31、specially if she starts calling on student who arent raising their hands, all their happiness about “loving school” will fly away.What is the problem? Why are they so nervous? The simplest answer is that they are scared of speaking or being regarded as a stupid one. Or, actually not even stupid. 3 T
32、hey want to not only give the correct answer, but also say something outstanding and create every time they speak. Usually this kind of students were told that they were smart kids by teachers and family at a very young age. Of course, they felt good, but then they started to be stressed out as they
33、 became older. 4 As time goes by, that thought kept them silent during class.5 First, write down something about what they want to say before raising their hands. It will make them feel safe. Second, make little goals for themselves: Today, Im going to say one thing in class, no matter what. Then th
34、e next week, make two more. At last, things will go well. Until they can go through all the nervousness and discomfort.A. I dont understand why they could speak without fearing.B. Because they expected to be that smart kid all the time.C. Because they may feel embarrassed if their answers are wrong.
35、D. To solve this problem, they need to change in very small ways.E. They are afraid that people wont think that they are super smart.F. All through each class, they are fine at first, taking notes, loving life and learning at school.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学生害怕举手回答问题的原因以及克服害羞的方法。1. A【解析】根据空后“They are si
36、mply talking with the same freeness and ease（自在）.”并结合备项可知此段主要是关于一些学生与朋友或在课堂讨论中感到自由自在，故选 A。2. F【解析】根据空后“But as soon as.about loving school will fly away.”可知此处讲述了学生们在课堂上的表现，结合备选项及“But”可知空处描写了学生们在被点名回答问题之前的表现，前后形成反差，F 项符合语境。故选 F。3. E【解析】根据空后“They want to not only give the correct answer.”可知学生害怕在课堂上发言的原因之一是他们想有出色的表现，结合备选项可知空处陈述了他们有此想法的原因，故选 E。4. B【解析】根据空前“. students were told that they were smart kids by teachers.”可知此处所填内容与 smart kids 有关，故选 B。5. D【解析】根据空后“First.Second.At last.”可知这里给出的是如何使自己不再感觉到紧张和不适的方法。因此判断本段缺主题句，即要解决这些问题应该如何做，故选 D。