1、Module 4 Music Born in America,写作专题,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题,语法专题,.课文原句感知 1. black people moved from the southern states of the USA to the northern industrial cities，they took their music with them. 2.Blues is a type of music which started as songs sung by African Americans they were
2、 working. 3.Some of the DJs began speaking and shouting the music played.,时间状语从句与省略,while,When,while,4.“ I heard it，” he said，“I knew it was a completely new kind of music.” 5. someone asked him why he was attending meetings of leftwing people，he replied，“Left wing，right wing，chicken wingits all the
3、 same to me.” 6. he grew older，his songs became more humourous and optimistic.,When,The moment,As,.把下列句子改成省略句 1.I havent seen you for ages. 2.Bill enjoys reading more than Tom enjoys reading. 3.If it is necessary，Ill go there.,Havent seen you for ages,Bill enjoys reading more than Tom,If necessary，I
4、ll go there,4.I meant to write to you，but forgot to write to you. 5.Although he was hardworking，he couldnt earn enough to buy a house.,I meant to write to you，but forgot to,Although hardworking，he couldnt earn enough to buy a house,.时间状语从句 在复合句中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句。 1.时间状语从句常由下列连词引导：when(当时候)，whenever
5、(任何时候)，as(随着)，while(在期间)，before(在以前)，after(在之后)，since(自从)，as soon as(一就)，until(直到)，once(一旦)等。如： When we lived in town，we often went to the theatre. 我们住在城里时常去剧院看戏。,Before they reached the station，the train had gone. 他们到达车站前，火车就已经开走了。 I have written home four times since I came here. 自从来到这儿后，我已经往家里写了四
6、封信。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer. 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 We all insist that we should not rest until we finish the work. 我们都坚决要求不完工不休息。,注意：(1)when在be about to do.when.，be doing.when.，had done.when.，be on ones way.when.，be on the point of doing.when.等结构中，作“在那时”讲，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时
7、，另一动作同时发生。 He was about to leave when someone knocked at the door. 他刚要走就有人敲门。 I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。 (2)时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如： You will get to know when you grow up. 你长大后就会了解了。,2.用名词性词组引导时间状语从句的用法： (1)the year，the week，the day He left Europe the ye
8、ar World War broke out. 他在第二次世界大战爆发的那年离开了欧洲。 (2)the spring，the summer，the autumn，the winter Alice got married the summer she graduated from college. 爱丽丝在大学毕业的那年夏天就结婚了。 (3)the moment (that)，the instant (that)，the minute (that) The moment I heard the voice，I knew my father was coming. 一听到这嗓音，我就知道是父亲来了
9、。,Ill telephone you the instant I know. 我一知道就立即给你打电话。 I understood everything the minute I saw her face. 我一看到她的表情，就明白了一切。 (4)the序数词time；(the) next time He was writing a letter the first time I saw him. 我第一次看到他时，他在写一封信。 Be sure to call on us the next time you come to visit our university. 下次你到我们大学来时一
10、定要来找我们。,(5)each time，every time，any time Each time I catch a cold，my nose runs. 我每次感冒都流鼻涕。 Every time I catch a cold，I have a pain in my back. 每次感冒我的背就疼。 You are welcome to come and visit our school any time you like. 只要你愿意，随时都欢迎你来参观我们的学校。 3.immediately，instantly，directly 表达“一就”时，这些词所起的作用相当于连词，引导时间状
11、语从句。,Immediately he arrived，he started telling us what to do. 他一到就开始告诉我们要做什么。 He made for the door instantly he heard the knock. 他一听到敲门声，就朝门走去。 I came directly I got your message. 我一得到你的口信就立刻来了。,(1)单句语法填空 They worked long hours for several weeks everything returned to normal. The boy burst into laug
12、hter (immediate) he saw his mother. I have heard a lot of good things about you since I (come) back from abroad. I (have) my dinner when an unexpected friend knocked my door.,题组训练1,before,immediately,came,was having,(2)句型转换 Dont refer to the dictionary when you come across a new word every time. Don
13、t refer to the dictionary you come across a new word. As soon as I met him，I would tell him the news.I met him，I would tell him the news. He didnt go to bed until his father came back.his father came back he go to bed.,every/each time,The moment/instant/minute,Not until,did,.省略 省略是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法分析，句
14、子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句，这种语法现象称为“省略”。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法结构所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。英语中常见的省略句有以下几种。 1.简单句中的省略 (1)省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语多限于少数现成的说法,(I) Thank you for your help.(括号内为省略的主语，下同) (I) See you tomorrow. (It) Doesnt matter. (2)省略主、谓语或主、谓语的一部分 (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wron
15、g? Why (do you) not say hello to him? (3)省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to Are you going there? Id like to (go there). He did not give me the chance，though he had promised to (give me the chance).,注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。 Are you an engineer? No，but I want to be. He hasnt finished the task yet. Well，he
16、ought to have. (4)省略表语 Are you thirsty? Yes，I am (thirsty).,(5)同时省略几个成分 Lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday. Have you finished your work? (I have) Not (finished my work) yet. 2.并列句中的省略 在以and，but，or，therefore，so等词连接，或是没有连词而用分号的并列句中，在不影响句意的情况下，并列句中后面分句与前面分句相同的部分都可以省略。 They dont agree wit
17、h you；neither do I (agree with you). Bob has done his homework，but Tom hasnt (done his homework).,3.主从复合句中的省略 (1)主句中有一些成分被省略 (Im) Sorry to hear that you are ill. (It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance. (2)省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not(切不可用it或that)代替 Is he coming back tonight? I think so. Is he fe
18、eling better today? Im afraid not.,这种用法常见的有：How so？Why so？Is that so？I hope so.He said so.及I suppose not.I believe not.I hope not.等。(但I dont think so.比I think not.更常用)。 4.其他省略 (1)连词that的省略 在宾语从句中that可省略，但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，除第一个that外，其他that都不能省略。 He said (that) he had arrived here two days before and t
19、hat he had lived in a hotel.,定语从句中，作宾语的that，which或whom可以省略。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was expensive. (2)不定式符号to的省略 并列的不定式可省去后面的to。 I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. 某些使役动词(如let，make，have)及感官动词(如see，watch，notice，hear，feel，look at和listen to等)后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。 I s
20、aw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree.,介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。 The boy did nothing but play. (3)在某些状语从句中的省略 在时间、地点、条件、方式等让步状语从句中，如果主句、从句的主语一致，从句中谓语动词又包含be或主语是it，常可以把从句中主语和谓语的一部分省略。 Though (they were) tired，they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。 Unless (it is) necessa
21、ry，youd better not refer to the dictionary. 如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。,在由than，as引导的比较状语从句中，在不造成误解的前提下，任何成分都可以省略。 I know you can do better than he (can do). 我知道你能比他做得更好。 The exhibition is a great success as (it was) expected. 正如我们预料的那样这次展览很成功。,句型转换 (1)If it is necessary，Ill do it myself.，Ill do it myself. (2)I
22、 have to take a course though I dont want to take a course. I have to take a course though . (3)She was honest but she was poor. She was .,题组训练2,If necessary,I dont want to,honest but poor,(4)When you are walking across the street，you should be careful. When the street，you should be careful. (5)Im s
23、orry to have kept you waiting.have kept you waiting.,walking across,Sorry to,.单句语法填空 1. the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.(2016天津) 2.Jack (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. (2016北京) 3.Over time， the population grew，people began cut
24、ting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.(2016全国),As,was working,as/when,4. it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.(2016四川) 5.We need to get to the root of the problem we can solve it. (2015天津) 6.Video games can be a poor influence if (leave) in the
25、 wrong hands.(2015湖南) 7.If (accept) for the job，youll be informed soon.(2015北京),When/If,before,left,accepted,8.The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left I could ask for their names.(2014陕西) 9.It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.(2014江西)
26、10.Children，when (accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(2014湖南),before,when,accompanied,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.(2015陕西，短文改错) 2.In fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play
27、or do homework with me.(2013新课标全国，短文改错),when/while,when,3.Before waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatient.(2013陕西，短文改错) 4.I have been missing you very much after I went to college a year ago. (2012重庆，短文改错) 5.In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the
28、road was clear.(2012辽宁，短文改错),until/till,After,since,写作专题,本模块要求写学习习惯。行动形成习惯，习惯塑造性格，性格决定命运。对于学生来说，生活的主题就是学习，而高效的学习离不开良好的学习习惯。仁者见仁，智者见智，什么是好的学习习惯，什么是对学习不利的习惯，相信每位同学都有自己的看法和见解。 思路点拨：1.选取具体的某一方面来描述；2.应该描述自己的真实感受和体验；3.注意记叙和议论相结合；4.思路要清晰，用语要简洁，问题分析要透彻；5.注意词汇和句型的使用。,Writing a description of your study habit
29、s,1.Before class，I always preview my lessons. 2.In class，I listen to my teachers attentively. 3.After class，I finish my homework on time. 4.I like listening to music while studying. 5.I try my best to learn every subject well. 6.Im active in answering my teachers questions. 7.In my spare time，I like
30、 reading. 8.I like all kinds of books，which benefits me a lot.,请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文，介绍一下你的学习习惯：是否愿意听着音乐学习。 1.我喜欢音乐，但我不喜欢听着音乐学习。因为听音乐会转移我的注意力，而且听着音乐复习功课会使我的成绩下降； 2.我听音乐时会集中精力去听，而不喜欢边听边做其他事情； 3.对那些喜欢听着音乐学习的人来说，古典轻音乐或爵士轻音乐可能是最好的。,Step One 审题谋篇 写作要求是写一篇介绍学习习惯的短文。写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇说明文。 2.主体时态：一般现
31、在时。 3.主体人称：第一人称。,写作步骤,Step Two 联想词汇 1.听音乐 _ 2.独自，单独 _ 3.相反 _ 4.集中精力于 _ 5.古典轻音乐 _,listen to music on ones own on the contrary concentrate on light classical music,Step Three 句式升级 1.你喜欢边听音乐边学习吗？Do you like to study ? (运用状语从句)Do you like to study ?(运用省略句),while you are listening to music,while listenin
32、g to music,2.如果我复习的时候听莫扎特的演奏，我认为我的考试分数不会提高。I dont think my test scores will improve _ _.(运用条件状语从句)I dont think my test scores would improve _ _.(运用虚拟条件句),if I listen to Mozart when I revise,if I listened to Mozart when I revised,3.我认为对那些喜欢听着音乐学习的人来说，古典轻音乐或爵士轻音乐可能是最好的。I think that ，either light class
33、ical music or some gentle jazz is probably best.(运用条件状语从句)I think that for people ，either light classical music or some gentle jazz is probably best.(运用定语从句),if people like to study with music,who like to study with music,Step Four 连句成篇 _ _,Do you like listening to music？Do you like to study while l
34、istening to music？Do you think listening to music can help your study? I like music，but I never listen to music of any kind when I study because I find it affects what I am doing.I like to study in a quiet place on my own.I dont think my test scores would improve if I listened to Mozart when I revis
35、ed.On the contrary，I think they would get worse！When I listen to music，I dont like to do anything else，because I want to concentrate on the music whether it is classical，folk，pop or,_ _,rock.So if my parents hear music coming from my room，they will know that I am not studying! I think that for people who like to study with music，either light classical music or some gentle jazz is probably best.,本课结束,