1、Unit 3 Under the sea,The humpback whale(座头鲸)，which can reach a length of 50 feet，is known for its long travels between warm water in winter and cold water during the summer. “Humpbacks make the longest migration(迁移) of any mammal，” says mammal research biologist John Calambokidis，who has studied the
2、 whales since 1986.While some humpback whales have been known to migrate from the Antarctic Peninsula all the way to the waters off Costa Rica，they are not exactly known for their ability to swim fast.,话题导入,“The speed that a lot of these whales that make long migrations travel at is often not that i
3、mpressive，” Calambokidis says.“In other words，they can be just as slow as three to five miles an hour.But the impressive part is that they are doing that 24 hours a day.That means they can be covering 100 miles in a day.They can cover these rather long distances in a month or two.”,According to Cala
4、mbokidis，there is some scientific debate about why humpback whales migrate so far.It might be because they need warmer waters to reduce energy loss during the winter.Theres also the possibility that humpback whales migrate as a strategy(策略) to keep away from killer whales.Calambokidis says that hump
5、back whales are able to defend themselves against killer whales attacks more easily if they are in shallow，warm waters rather than deeper cold-water ocean regions.During their three-week to two-month migrations，humpback whales seldom eat.They live off body fat on their journey.,How the humpback whal
6、es know where to travel during their migrations still has not been known.“I am not sure anyone has a clear answer to this，” Calambokidis says.,根据短文判断正(T)误(F) 1.The humpback whales can migrate so far possibly because they try to keep away from killer whales.( ) 2.During their migrations，humpback whal
7、es eat a lot.( ),T,F,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,达标检测,课文预读,Warming Up，Pre-reading & Reading,基础自测,1. adj.每年的；按年度计算的n.年刊；年鉴adv.每年；一年一次地 2. vt.当场见到；目击n.目击者；证人；证据 3. n.住所；住宿v.容纳；向提供住处 4. prep.在对面adj.相对的；相反的,.重点单词,annual,annually,witness,accommodation,accommodate,opposite,5. vi.& n.暂停；中止 6. vi.逃避；逃跑vt.逃离 7. vt.拖；拉；扯
8、8. n.深(度)；深处 adj.深的adv.深地adv.深深地 9. vt.催促；极力主张；驱策adj.紧急的,flee,depth,deep,deeply,urge,urgent,drag,pause,10. vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃adj.被抛弃的；废弃的 11. n.关系；血缘关系；交往n.关系；亲戚 12. n.保存；保护v.保存；保护,abandon,relationship,relation,conservation,conserve,abandoned,1. 整理；分类 2. 及时 3. 瞄准；针对 4. 在此期间；与此同时 5. 举起；支撑；耽搁 6. 帮助()摆脱困境或危难,
9、.重点短语,sort out,in time,aim at,in the meantime,hold up,help (.) out,.重点句式,1.when引导定语从句the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时候，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。 2.be about to do sth. 将要做某事 This was the c
10、all that announced there was about (be) a whale hunt. 这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。,It was a time when,to be,3.see宾语宾补 As we drew closer，I could see a whale (attack) by a pack of about six other killers. 当我们靠近些时，我能看到一条鲸鱼正在被其他大约六条虎鲸袭击。 4.stop sb. /sth. (from) doing sth. ；现在分词短语作伴随状语 “.And those others are stopp
11、ing it (dive) or (flee) out to sea，” George told me， (point) towards the hunt. “而其他那些虎鲸则阻止它潜水或逃跑，”乔治一边指着捕猎的情景，一边告诉我。,being attacked,diving fleeing,pointing,5.现在分词短语作原因状语，the whale soon died. 因为严重受伤，这条鲸鱼很快就死了。,Being badly wounded,课文预读,( )Using a telescope we could see that something was happening. (
12、)The killers started racing between our boat and the whale. ( )Clancy arrived at the station. ( )The men started turning the boat around to go home. ( )Clancy heard a huge noise coming from the bay. ( )The whaler yelled out. ( )We jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the b
13、ay. ( )The man in the bow of the boat aimed the harpoon at the whale.,.根据课文内容给下面的句子排序,5,6,1,8,答案,2,3,4,7,1.According to the text，which of the following is TRUE? A.They ran down to the shore and found an enormous fish throwing itself out of the water. B.Tom couldnt tell whalers when he found a whale.
14、 C.George was a patient person. D.George could beat the water with his oar to call Old Tom.,.课文阅读理解,答案,1,2,3,4,5,2.According to the text，which of the following is NOT true? A.The killers like Old Tom are fierce yet always ready to help the whalers. B.The writer didnt believe the killers could help t
15、he whalers catch whales before working at the whaling station. C.The whalers left the body of the whale eaten up by the killers. D.It was hard to handle the boat in the rough sea.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,3.Why did the men start turning the boat around to go home after the whale died? A.Because they didnt need
16、a dead whale. B.Because they couldnt find the whales body. C.Because they knew that the dead whale wouldnt float up to the surface for around 24 hours. D.They had to do this because it was too late.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,4.What does the word “it” in the sentence “He let it go and the harpoon hit the spot.” r
17、efer to? A.The whale. B.The boat. C.The harpoon. D.The killer.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,5.According to the text，the killer whales can protect men from being attacked by . A.whales B.tigers C.enemies D.sharks,答案,1,2,3,4,5,It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James，and when we approached him，I saw Ja
18、mes being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom. 句式分析 本句中and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句属于“It takes/took some time to do sth. ”句型，其中 作形式主语，_ 为真正的主语。在后一个并列分句中，when引导 从句；saw James being firmly held up为“ ”结构。 自主翻译 _ _,不定式短语,时间状语,it,我们花了半个多小时才让船回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠近他的时候，我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯。,.课文难句分析,感官动词宾语宾补,要点探究,I thought
19、，at the time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. 当时我以为这只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过很多次。,重点词汇,witness vt.当场见到，目击；作证，见证；n.目击者；证人；证据 witness to (doing) sth. 作证 a witness of/to.的证人/证据 bear/give witness (to sth. )(为某事)作证；证明(此短语中witness前不加冠词，而且witness不用复数),(1)The late twe
20、ntieth century witnessed the rapid development of Chinas economy. 二十世纪末见证了中国经济的迅速发展。 (2)One witness to the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk. 这次事故的一个目击者说司机看上去喝醉了。 (3)His good health is the success of the treatment. 他良好的健康状况是治疗成功的见证。,a witness to/of,(4)The worker witnessed to (see) the ac
21、cused near the scene of the crime. 这位工人作证说看见被告就在案发现场附近。 单句改错 (5)The tall building bears a witness to the citys great past.,having seen,On the afternoon I arrived at the station，as I was sorting out my accommodation，I heard a loud noise coming from the bay. 来到捕鲸站的那天下午，当我正在整理住处的时候，我听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。,sor
22、t out整理；分类；解决；(从中)挑选出 sort.into.把分类成；整理 all sorts/kinds/types of各种各样的 a sort of一种 sort of颇有；有几分,(1)There are so many packages to sort out every day. 每天有那么多的包裹要分拣。 (2)He sorted the apples big ones and small ones. 他把这些苹果分成大的和小的两类。 (3)As is advertised，there will be paper-cuttings shown on the exhibitio
23、n. 正如广告中宣传的，在展览上会有各种各样的剪纸展出。(2017全国) 单句改错 (4)The first time he had a dinner with a girl，he felt a sort of nervous.,all sorts/kinds/types of,into,We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. 我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物
24、猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。,in time及时；最后 in time to do/for sth. 及时做某事 in no time立刻，马上 at no time绝不，在任何时候都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装) on time准时，按时 at one time曾经，一度 at a time一次，每次,(1)We are just in time to catch the train. 我们及时赶上了火车。 (2)At no time to the difficulties. 她绝不向困难低头。 (3) ，I even felt my parents couldnt understan
25、d me. 曾经我甚至认为我的父母不能理解我。 (4)Try to solve the problems one . 试着一次解决一个问题。,will she give in,At one time,at a time,“Man overboard! Turn the boat around！”urged George，shouting loudly. 乔治催促着大喊：“有人落水了，把船头调回去！”,(1)urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策；n.强烈的欲望；冲动 urge sth. on sb. 向某人强调某事 urge sb. to do sth. (urge sb. into doing
26、 sth. )激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事 urge that.主张(从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略),(1)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before. 以前我从没有想学手语的强烈欲望。(2017全国) (2)The central government urges the importance of safety in production on local mines. 中央政府向当地煤矿强调安全生产的重要性。 (3)Im sorry to interrupt you，bu
27、t its really (urge). 很抱歉打断您，但是事情确实很紧急。,urgent,(2)urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的 (3)urgently adv.急切地；迫切地,(4)There are a lot of old people waiting there (urge). 有很多老人正在那里焦急地等待着。 一句多译 (5)当地政府敦促人们节约用水。 The local government urged that people . The local government urged people . The local government urged people .,(
28、should) save the water,into saving water,urgently,to save water,From Jamess face，I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。,(1)abandon vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃；n.放任；狂放 abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事 abandon oneself to沉溺于，纵情于(to为介词) with abandon无约束地，放任地 (2)abandoned adj.被遗弃的；被抛弃的；废
29、弃的,(1)However，these plans were abandoned because of financial problems.然而，这些计划由于经济问题而被放弃了。(2017全国) (2)They should abandon playing computer games. 他们应该放弃玩电脑游戏。 (3)People were shouting and cheering . 人们兴高采烈，纵情欢呼。,with abandon,(4)The boy was found in a remote (abandon) house. 这个男孩在一个偏远的废弃的房子中被找到了。 高级表达
30、 (5)The man abandoned himself to alcohol，so he seldom cared about his family.(用现在分词短语作状语改写) ，the man seldom cared about his family.,abandoned,Abandoning himself to alcohol,.when we approached him，I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom. 当我们靠近他的时候，我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯。,approach v.接近，靠近
31、；来临；n.接近；方法，途径 be approaching正在/将要接近 at the approach of在快到的时候 an approach to.的方法或途径 注意：(1)approach表示具体靠近或走近某人或某事物时，可直接用作及物动词，不要按汉语意思在其后加介词to，near等。 (2)作名词“方法；通路”解时，其后接介词to。,(1)The approach of the Spring Festival brings pleasure and happiness. 春节的临近带来了快乐和幸福。 (2)Her approach the physics problem was hi
32、ghly thought of by the teacher. 她做那道物理题所用的方法得到了老师的高度评价。 (3)The best approach to (learn) English is the study of spoken English. 学习英语的最好方法是学习英语口语。,to,learning,高级表达 (4)As the exams approached，the girl was a little nervous.(用with复合结构改写) ，the girl was a little nervous.,With the exams approaching,What ev
33、idence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out? 有什么证据可以证明老汤姆是在帮助捕鲸人？,help (.) out帮助()摆脱困境或危难 cant help but do sth. 不得不做某事，不能不做某事 cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮着做某事,(1)In China people often ask the police to help them out when in trouble. 在中国，人们遇到麻烦的时候经常找警察帮忙。 (2)Wh
34、en hearing the joke，she . 听到那个笑话，她忍不住笑了。 (3)Im very busy now，so I cant help (clean) the room. 我现在很忙，所以不能帮着打扫房间。 单句改错 (4)I cant help but to think that it is a mistake.,couldnt help laughing,(to) clean,It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch
35、the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时候，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。,经典句式,(1)在句型It/That/There was a time when.中，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time(一段时间)。 (2)含有time的其他句型 It is (high) time that.是该做的时候了。(谓语动词用“did/should do”，should不可省略) It is/has been时间段since.(从句谓语动词用一般过去时) It was时间段since.(从
36、句谓语动词用过去完成时) 此句型中当since从句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，表示肯定意义，意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，表示否定意义，意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。,It is the first/second/./last time that.这是某人第一/二/次/最后一次做(从句谓语动词用现在完成时) It was the first/second/./last time that.这是某人第一/二/次/最后一次做(从句谓语动词用过去完成时) It was时间段before.过了多久才(从句谓语动词用一般过去时) It will be时间段befo
37、re.要过多久才(从句谓语动词用一般现在时),(1)There was a time when I hate going to school. 有一段时间我讨厌去上学。 (2)It is high time that we (take) some measures to deal with it. 我们是时候采取措施处理这件事了。 (3)It is about ten years since the man (come) to China. 这个人来中国大约10年了。,took/should take,came,(4)It is the first time that the girl (se
38、e) such an animal. 这个女孩第一次见到这样的一个动物。 单句改错 (5)It will be about three years before they will come back.,has seen,达标检测,.单句语法填空,1.Can we find (accommodate) at a hotel for tonight? 2.When the war broke out，most villagers (flee)to another city. 3. (abandon) by his children，the old man led a poor life. 4.C
39、ould you tell me what the (deep) of the big hole is? 5.It is said that the party is held in this town (annual).,accommodations,fled,Abandoned,depth,annually,6.I wont believe it until I see it my own eyes. 7.The man was about (rush) out when his wife stopped him. 8.The old man could walk for more tha
40、n three hours without _ (pause). 9.When she turned around，she saw the men (drag) the boat from the river. 10.The villagers urged the government (take) active measures to protect the environment.,with,to rush,pausing,dragging,to take,.完成句子,11.他确实害怕自己被父母遗弃。 He was really afraid of . 12.被蛇严重咬伤，他被立即送往了医
41、院。，he was sent to the hospital immediately. 13.就在他想放弃的时候，他突然想到一个主意。 He when an idea came to him.,being abandoned by his parents,Having been/Being badly bitten by a snake,was about to give up/on the point of giving up,14.没过多久他就把这件事告诉了我。he told me about the affair. 15.大雨阻止了我们回家。 We by the heavy rain.,
42、It wasnt long before,were stopped/prevented/kept from going home,.课文语法填空,I had heard of the killers that helped whalers catch huge whales. When I worked at a whaling station，I witnessed it many times.On the afternoon I arrived at the station，I heard a loud noise 16._ (come) from the bay.We ran down
43、to the shore 17. time to see an enormous animal throwing 18. (it) out of the water.George， one of the whalers，told me that it was Old Tom，the killer，,coming,in,itself,who was telling us theres a whale. 19. whaler yelled out 20._(announce) a whale hunt.We immediately headed out into the bay，with Old
44、Tom 21. (show) us the way.Using a telescope we saw that several killers over there 22. (throw) themselves on top of the whales blow-hole to stop it breathing,23. others were stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea.Then the man in the bow of the boat aimed at the whale and killed it.These killers never harmed or attacked people.Once when we were in the bay，the sea was rough,24. which James was carried away by waves.Worse still，there was a shark.25._ (fortune)，Old Tom rescued James.,