1、Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars,达标检测,语法导学,内容索引,Period Four GrammarNoun clauses as the subject,语法导学,阅读以下教材原句，仔细观察加颜色部分并补全空格。 1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 2.The earth became so violent that it was
2、not clear whether the shape would last or not. 3.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface. 4.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. 5.Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 6
3、.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,1.以上加颜色部分在句中作 。 2.1句中的what在从句中作表语；3句中的what在从句中作 。 3.2,6句中的whether意为： 。 4.4句中It是 ，真正的 是后面that引导的从句。 5.5句中why在从句中作 。,主语,主语,是否,形式主语,主语,状语,1.主语从句的引导词,(1)What we need is more water
4、.(连接代词what在从句中作need的宾语) 我们需要的是更多的水。 (2)Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it.你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。,2.it作形式主语 为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型：,(1)Its possible that he has been to Beijing. 他有可能去过北京。 (2)Its a pity that you didnt attend the meeting. 你没参加这次会议太可惜了。 考点警示 1
5、.从句的语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序。 Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。,2.主谓一致 (1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式；但what和who引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 When we shall have our sports meeting has not been decided. 我们什么时候开运动会还没有确定。 What they need are books.他们需要的是书。,(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从
6、句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 How and why he came to this city is a story of struggle and success. 他为什么及如何来到这个城市是一个充满奋斗和成功的故事。,3.whether引导的主语从句，如果用了形式主语it，引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether从句在句首或后面有or not
7、时，不能用if替换。 Whether genetically-modified food does us harm remains to be seen. It remains to be seen whether/if genetically-modified food does us harm. 转基因食物对我们是否有害有待观察。,单句语法填空 1.Every year， makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.(2017北京) 2.It is often the case anything i
8、s possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏) 3.Your support is important to our work. you can do helps. (2016北京),答案,whoever,that,Whatever,4. we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(2015北京) 5. Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.(20
9、15江苏) 6.Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.(2014大纲全国) 7.I think impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. (2014天津),答案,How,Where,when,what,达标检测,.单句语法填空 1. we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. 2.It doesnt m
10、atter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 3. you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. 4.It is necessary he should learn about the whole matter. 5. sticks to his work will succeed sooner or later.,That,whether,What,that,Whoever,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.If we will give up
11、 the plan isnt decided. 2.What the boy is always late for school is clear to us all. 3.That we cannot get seems better than what we have had. 4.It is believed what the heavy fog does harm to our health. 5.It will make no difference that he will attend the meeting or not.,Whether,That,What,that,wheth
12、er,.语法填空(用适当的连接词填空) Everyone knew 1. Wendy was a famous writer，but no one knew 2. she came from and 3. she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4. they did know was 5. she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6. was in need of money. Wendy was generous and helpful，but some people thought she was chasing fame.Wendy said she didnt understand 7. they were so narrow-minded，but it didnt matter 8. others thought of her.She just wanted to do 9. she thought was right.I think that is 10. the meaning of life lies.,that,where,What,whether,that,whoever,why,what,what(ever),where,