1、Module 1 Europe,写作专题,内容索引,Period Three Grammar & Writing,语法专题,语法专题,用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.Paris is one of the most beautiful cities and (visit) by more than eight million tourists every year. 2.The Eiffel Tower (locate) in Paris. 3.The Sagrada Familia (design) by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. 4.Florenc
2、es most beautiful paintings and sculptures _ (produce) by great artists.,一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态&主谓一致,is visited,is located,was designed,were produced,5.Athens (know) as the birthplace of western civilisation. 6.The Parthenon (build) during this period. 7.Three-fourths of the project (complete) by the time
3、we arrived there. 8.Egg and rice (be) her usual breakfast. 9.Many a student (realize) the importance of mastering aforeign language so far. 10.Our team (be) an expert team.,is known,was built,has been completed,is,has realized,is,11.Either the students or their head teacher (be) supposed to reconsid
4、er how to deal with the problem. 12.The teacher with the students (be) playing football on the playground.,is,is,.一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态 一、被动语态的基本构成 1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：am/is/aredone。 I am asked to copy English words for ten times. 我被要求抄十遍英语单词。 Football is played all over the world. 全世界都踢足球。,2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was
5、/weredone。 The university was founded in 1901. 这所大学是1901年建的。 The 28th Olympic Games were held in Beijing in 2008. 2008年第28届奥运会在北京举办。,二、被动语态的用法 1.不清楚谁是动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 His car was stolen when he parked in the street. 当他把车停在街上时，他的车被偷了。 2.没有必要指出动作的执行者时，用被动语态。 No one knows when the bridge was built. 没人知道这
6、桥是什么时候建的。,3.强调或突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如果需要指出动作的执行者时，可用“by动作的执行者(宾格)”这一结构。 Paris is visited by many people every year. 每年有很多人参观巴黎。 This painting was painted by Xu Beihong. 这幅画是徐悲鸿画的。,三、被动语态和系表结构的区别 被动结构表示动作，句子的主语是被动动作的对象；而系表结构说明主语所处的状态，其中的过去分词已经形容词化了。 The window was broken by Jack.(被动) 这玻璃是杰克打碎的。 Watch out！
7、The window is broken.(系表) 当心！这玻璃是碎的。 I tapped the window and the door was opened.(被动) 我拍了拍窗户，门开了。 When I returned home，the door was open.(系表) 当我回到家时，门是开着的。,(1)用所给词的正确形式填空 These kinds of machines (make) in Germany. A piano concert (give) in Jinan last Saturday. This poem (write) by Whitman. These fam
8、ous buildings (build) during that period.,题组训练1,are made,was given,was written,were built,(2)把下面的句子变成被动语态 We saw them play football on the playground. _ She often does her homework after school. _ I heard her singing an English song. _ People there take good care of the old. _,They were seen to play
9、 football on the playground.Her homework is often done by her after school.She was heard singing an English song.The old are taken good care of by people there.,.主谓一致 一个句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语必须保持一致。本模块出现的是集合名词、代词(neither，none，each)作主语时与谓语动词一致的情况。下面就它们的用法进行讲解。 1.一些集合名词，如：family，team，class，band，committee，go
10、vernment，group，public等用作主语时，若视为整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；若视为个体，谓语动词则用复数形式。,注意：集合名词cattle，people，police作主语时，谓语常用复数。 记忆秘诀：牛群爱人民警察。 People are working hard in the field. 人们正在地里辛勤地劳作。 The police are searching for the escaped prisoners. 警察正在搜寻逃跑的罪犯。 2.当两个主语由or，either.or.，neither.nor.或not only.but also.等连接时，谓语动词要与最近的
11、主语一致，即我们常说的“就近原则”。 Li Ming，or you，are going to meet the foreign friends at the airport. 李明或者你将去机场接外国朋友。,Neither the Smiths nor their son supports the plan. 史密斯夫妇和他们的儿子都不赞成这个计划。 注意：(1)both.and.连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Both you and I are interested in football. 我和你都对足球感兴趣。 (2)由as well as，along with，together w
12、ith，in addition to，including，rather than，except，besides等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数取决于该词之前的主语。 The students as well as their English teacher have attended the meeting. 学生和他们的英语老师都参加了这次会议。 A woman，together with some girls，is coming up to us. 一位妇女和一些女孩朝我们走过来。,3.代词either和neither常作单数看待，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 Either of the b
13、ooks is written by my mother. 这两本书中的一本是我妈妈写的。 Neither of you is fit for the job. 你们两个都不适合这份工作。 4.代词none常被视为复数，但有时也用作单数。作主语时，谓语动词既可用复数形式也可用单数形式。 None of them have/has yet turned up at the party. 他们都没在晚会上出现。 None of the money is left.没剩下钱。,5.each在意义上属于单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Each student in our class works h
14、ard. 我们班里的每个学生都学习刻苦。 Each of the women workers works as long as 12 hours every day. 每名女工每天都工作长达12个小时。,用所给词的正确形式填空 (1)None of us (have) a car. (2)Look！The cattle (drink) at the pool over there. (3)His family very big and all of his family fond of sports.(be) (4)Neither of the examples (explain) it we
15、ll. (5)Jack as well as his parents (like) music.,题组训练2,have/has,are drinking,are,explains,likes,is,.用所给词的正确形式填空 1.The publication of Great Expectations，which (be)both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏) 2.Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging a
16、nd swimming，_ (regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.(2017天津) 3.When fat and salt (remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.(2017全国),was,is regarded,are removed,4.Fast food (be) full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat tha
17、n they need in their diet.(2017全国) 5.Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016全国) 6.The giant panda (love) by people throughout the world.(2016四川) 7.To my delight，I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015福建),is,be made,is
18、 loved,was chosen,8.It is important to remember that success (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often (take) years to achieve.(2015湖南) 9.All we need (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2014湖南) 10.The univer
19、sity estimates that living expenses for international students around$ 8,450 a year，which a burden for some of them.(be)(2013湖南),takes,is,is,are,is,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.(2
20、017全国，短文改错) 2.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.(2016全国，短文改错) 3.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015全国，短文改错),taken,used,4.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the skythey l
21、ooked like rain！(2014陕西，短文改错) 5.Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.(2014四川，短文改错) 6.The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trust each other.(2014大纲全国，短文改错),were,goes,means,写作专题,介绍某一城市就是对该城市的大致状况进行描述，向人们展示该城市的地貌特征、风土人情、历史文
22、化等。写此类文章应注意以下几点： 1.一般应包括该城市的位置、面积、人口、历史、气候、特产等。但是一定要抓住该城市的主要特色，这样才能给读者留下深刻的印象。 2.要遵循一定的写作顺序。描述该城市的位置时，首先要找好中心点，再由近及远，也可以先总体后局部，或者按照一定的时间或空间来写。 3.此类文章常用一般现在时。,Writing about a city,4.口头介绍类的文章一般都口语化比较明显，而且要有称呼和开头语、结束语。写作时要把题目要求和提示内容相结合，不要遗漏要点。连句成文时需注意使用过渡衔接词以使行文连贯。,1.介绍城市的地理位置、自然特色、人口以及历史等信息。 It is sit
23、uated on/in/at. It is located in. Its warm/cold. It has a population of. It has a long history.,2.描写城市的变化。 Great changes have taken place in. Buildings have been built. This village used to be very poor. However，it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a mu
24、ch better life than before. Now it is taking on a new look. In short，changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us comfort and convenience. If you were here，you would be amazed by the great changes/the beauty of our city(school/campus/hometown).,3.就变化提出自己的感想和合理化建议。 However，there are s
25、ome problems. In my opinion，it should be developed scientifically.,假如你是李华，你的一个美国中学生网友Tim希望在暑假来青岛旅游，请你用英语给他发一封100词左右的电子邮件，向他介绍青岛，要点如下： 1.青岛市位于山东半岛南端，面积11 282平方公里，人口920万多； 2.青岛三面环海，风景优美，气候宜人； 3.青岛是一座世界著名的旅游城市，每年有数千万的游客前来游览观光，主要有青岛国际帆船中心、栈桥、海底世界等观光景点； 4.青岛也是一座现代化工业城市，海信、海尔是青岛的两大公司。,参考词汇：半岛peninsula；国际帆
26、船中心the International Sailing Centre；栈桥Zhan Qiao Pier,Step One 审题谋篇 写作要求是根据提示信息写一封电子邮件来介绍青岛。写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇应用文，是学生熟悉的电子邮件，写作中应注意邮件的常规格式。 2.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3.主体人称：由于是介绍一个地方，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。,写作步骤,Step Two 联想词汇 1.对感到高兴 _ 2.向介绍 _ 3.位于 _ 4.占面积 _ 5.有多少人口 _ 6.被环绕 _ 7.另外 _ 8.盼望 _,be glad to. introduc
27、e.to. lie in/be situated/located in cover (an area of). have a population of. be surrounded by. in ddition/besides/moreover /furthermore/additionally look forward to,Step Three 句式升级 1.青岛位于山东半岛南端，面积11 282平方公里，人口920万多。Qingdao . It covers an area of 11,282 km2 and has a population of more than 9,200,00
28、0.(简单句)Qingdao， ，covers an area of 11,282 km2 and has a population of more than 9,200,000.(定语 从句)Qingdao lies in the south of Shandong peninsula， an areaof 11,282 km2 ，with a population of more than 9,200,000. (现在分词 作状语),is in the south of Shandong peninsula,which lies in the south of Shandong penin
29、sula,covering,2.青岛三面环海，风景优美，气候宜人。Qingdao is surrounded by the sea on three sides _ _.(with复合结构)on three sides，Qingdao has very beautiful scenery and pleasant weather.(过去分词作状语),with beautiful scenery and pleasant weather,Surrounded by the sea,3.青岛也是一座现代化工业城市，海信、海尔是青岛的两大公司 。Qingdao is also a modern in
30、dustrial city. two world-class companiesHisense and Haier.(简单句)Qingdao， ，is the home of two world-class companiesHisense and Haier.(同位语),It is the home of,also a modern industrial city,4.希望尽快在这儿与你见面。you here soon.(hope to do)you here soon.(look forward to),Hope to see,Looking forward to seeing,Step
31、Four 连句成篇 _ _ _,Dear Tim， Im glad to learn that you are coming to Qingdao for a visit this summer. Now Id like to introduce something about the city to you. Qingdao，which lies in the south of Shandong peninsula，covers an area of 11,282 km2 and has a population of more than 9,200,000. Surrounded by t
32、he sea on three sides，Qingdao has very beautiful scenery and pleasant weather. Tourism is an important part of the citys income，and every year tens of millions of tourists visit the city. Now the,_ _ _ _,International Sailing Centre，Zhan Qiao Pier and the Underground Sea World are the most popular attractions. In addition，Qingdao is also a modern industrial city. It is the home of two world-class companiesHisense and Haier. Looking forward to seeing you here soon. Yours faithfully， Li Hua,本课结束,