1、Unit 3 The world online,基础自测,语法专题,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,基础自测,.重点单词 1. n.一生，终生；存在期 2. n.能力，胜任；技能，本领adj.有能力的，能胜任的；能干的 3. n.发明者，发明家vt.发明n.发明 4. vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃 5. n.约会，预约；任命，委任vt.任命，委派；指定；约定,lifetime,competence,competent,inventor,invent,invention,abandon,appointment,appoi
2、nt,.重点短语 1. 代表 2. 组成；编造 3. 阻止某人做某事 4. 因缺乏 5. 给某人树立良好的榜样 6. 对生气/恼火,stand for,make up,stop sb.from doing sth.,for lack of,set good examples to sb.,get annoyed with,.重点句式,，there are some basic words and terms that are useful for you to know. 在你开始网上冲浪之前，了解一些基本词汇和术语是有用的。,1.before引导的时间状语从句,you want to sav
3、e on your own computer，you can download it. 如果你发现有你想存入自己电脑的东西，你可以把它下载下来。,2.if虚拟条件句的省略和倒装,Before you start surfing the Internet,Should you ever find something,要点探究,stand for (指缩写或符号)是意思；代表，象征；支持，主张 stand against反对 stand by站在旁边；旁观；支持 stand out显眼，突出,This stands for the World Wide Web，also the first par
4、t of a web address. 这是万维网的缩写，也是网址的开头部分。,归纳拓展,重点词汇,(1)Its even easier to follow if we know what all of these stand for. 如果我们知道所有这些代表的是什么，它就更容易理解了。 (2)When you stand for your liberty，we will stand with you. 当你们支持你们的自由时，我们将与你们站在一起。 (3)We are not able to stand against the truth. 我们无力反抗真理。,语境助记,(1)用适当的介、
5、副词填空 Her bright clothes always make her stand in a crowd. No matter what happens，I will stand you. We stand equality among all nations，big or small.,题组训练,out,by,for,(2)This organization is a popular community，I think， the benefit of the majority of people. A.stands for B.standing for C.competes for
6、D.competing for,答案,解析,解析 句意为：我认为这个组织是一个受欢迎的团体，它代表着大多数人的利益。I think是插入语，句中已有谓语动词，故可排除A、C两项；stand for代表，现在分词在句中作后置定语；compete for为竞争。,(1)competence n.能力，胜任；技能，本领 competence in sth./in doing sth.的能力；胜任 (2)competent adj.有能力的，能胜任的；能干的 be competent to do sth.能胜任做某事 be competent at doing sth.善于做某事,Thomas Edi
7、son was fired from his first two jobs for lack of competence. 在前两份工作中，由于缺乏(工作)能力，爱迪生被解雇了。,归纳拓展,(1)His competence in dealing with demanding problems surprised me. 他处理棘手问题的能力令我惊讶。 (2)He is competent to operate the complex computer. 他能胜任操作这台复杂的电脑。 (3)She is very competent at communicating. 她擅长交际。,语境助记,
8、一句多译 这家公司有能力执行这项工作。 (1)The company this task.(competence) (2)The company this task.(competent),题组训练,has competence in carrying out,is competent to carry out,(1)abandon vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃；n.放纵 abandon sb./sth.to sb.舍弃某人/物给某人 abandon oneself to.沉溺于，陷入 with abandon放纵地；尽情地 (2)abandoned adj.被遗弃的；废弃的,They wouldn
9、t have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams. 如果他们放弃了梦想，就不会成功了。,归纳拓展,(1)Despite current problems，they havent abandoned their commitment to the peace process. 尽管目前还有许多困难，但他们并没有放弃对和平进程的许诺。 (2)He owned a farm，which looked almost abandoned. 他拥有一家农场，看起来几乎废弃了。,语境助记,(1)用适当的介词填空 In this
10、holiday shoppers are spending money abandon. The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned the care of strangers.,题组训练,with,to,(2) himself to sorrow，Steven just couldnt help crying. A.To abandon B.Abandoning C.Abandoned D.Being abandoned,答案,解析,解析 句意为：Steven陷入深深的悲伤中，情不自禁地哭了起来。aban
11、don oneself to沉湎于，陷入，因为句子的主语与abandon是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作状语。故选B。,I think Id better apologize to him tomorrow for not keeping the appointment. 我想明天我最好因失约向他道歉。,(1)appointment n.约会，预约；任命，委任 keep an appointment准时赴约，守约 break an appointment违约，失约 make/have an appointment (with.)(与)约会/预约 (2)appoint vt.任命，委派；约定，
12、指定 appoint sb.as/to be.任命某人为 appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事 appoint sb.to sth.任命某人担任(职务),归纳拓展,(1)Its very impolite for you to fail to keep an appointment. 你失约是很不礼貌的。 (2)I would like to make an appointment with the doctor. 我想跟医生约定一下时间。 (3)She has been appointed (as) managing director of the new departm
13、ent. 她已被任命为新部门的总经理。,语境助记,(1)But for her mothers sudden illness，she would never think of breaking this with you. A.arrangement B.schedule C.appointment D.interview,题组训练,答案,解析,解析 句意为：要不是她妈妈突然得病，她从没想过这次会对你失约。appointment约会，约定，break an appointment失约，符合句意。arrangement安排；schedule时间表；interview采访。,(2)He was t
14、o the post of professor. A.directed B.led C.appointed D.arranged,答案,解析,解析 句意为：他被评为教授。appoint sb.ton.任命某人担任(职务)。,经典句式,Before you start surfing the Internet，there are some basic words and terms that are useful for you to know. 在你开始网上冲浪之前，了解一些基本词汇和术语是有用的。,(1)本句中before引导一个时间状语从句。 (2)before引导时间状语从句时有以下用法
15、： 表示“在之前；还没来得及就”。 表示“趁还没有”。 主句含有will或would时，before意为“宁愿也不愿”。 Itwill/may be时间段before.意为“要过之后才”。 It wont be long before.表示“不多久就”。,归纳拓展,(1)I had felt hungry before I arrived home. 我还没到家就觉得饿了。 (2)Hed shoot himself before he told the secret. 他宁愿自杀也不愿说出秘密。 (3)It will be long before he comes back. 他要很久才能回来
16、。 (4)It wont be long before they understand each other. 他们不久就会互相了解的。,语境助记,(1)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left I could ask for their names.(2016淮安清江中学高二期中) A.while B.after C.since D.before,题组训练,答案,解析,解析 句意为：那对归还我丢失的钱包的年轻夫妇在我没来得及问他们姓名之前就离开了。before在此题中表示“还没来得及就”。,(2)If you miss this ch
17、ance，it may be years you get another one. (2015重庆，4) A.as B.before C.since D.after,答案,解析,解析 句意为：如果你错过这次机会，可能得过好几年你才能再有一次机会。“It will/may be时间段before.”表示“要过之后才”。,Should you ever find something you want to save on your own computer，you can download it. 如果你发现有你想存入自己电脑的东西，你可以把它下载下来。,(1)Should you ever fi
18、nd something you want to save on your own computer为if虚拟条件句的省略和倒装结构。句中you want to save on your own computer为定语从句，修饰先行词something。 (2)在if引导的虚拟条件句中，谓语中出现were，should或had时，可以省略if，同时把这些词放到句首，形成倒装。,归纳拓展,(1)Had I had any money with me(If I had had any money with me)，I could have lent you some. 要是我当时手头有钱的话，我就
19、能借给你一些了。 (2)Were I you(If I were you)，I would go. 如果我是你，我就会去。,语境助记,(1)用省略if的倒装结构翻译句子 他要是今天启程，周四前他就会到那里。 _ 约翰要是听了我的话，他就不会失败了。 _,题组训练,Were he to start out today，he would get there by Thursday.,Had he listened to me，John would not have failed.,解析 句意为：如果明天下雨，我们将不得不取消足球比赛。由tomorrow和would have to可知是对将来情况的
20、虚拟，前半句的正常语序是“If it should rain tomorrow”，省略If后，要将should提到主语之前，形成倒装。,(2) it rain tomorrow，we would have to cancel the football match. A.Were B.Would C.Will D.Should,答案,解析,当堂达标,.词形变换 1.I doubt his (competent) to do the work. 2.Yesterday，she made an (appoint) with the doctor for her son to see him. 3.B
21、ut the (assume) that human clones have already been born hasnt been proved yet. 4.As an (invent) who created the telephone，Alexander Graham Bell deserves to be respected for his persistence. 5.In college I had been taught that a successful (educate) should ignore bad behavior.,competence,appointment
22、,assumption,inventor,educator,.选词填空 for lack of，get annoyed with，stand for，make up，set a good example to 6.I want to know what she before I vote her. 7.The crops all died water. 8.We need one more person to a team. 9.He me about my carelessness. 10.The headmaster likes to arrive early at school to _
23、 the other teachers.,stands for,for lack of,make up,got annoyed with,set a good example to,.完成句子 11.他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。 They are thinking of buying the house . 12.到达之后，给我发条信息。，send me a message. 13.要是天气好的话，我们就去郊游。，we would go for an outing. 14.努力学习，你会考试及格的。，and youll pass the exam. 15.他本该一小时前就到的。 He
24、 is an hour ago.,before the prices go up,When you arrive/When arriving,Should it be fine/If it should be fine,Work hard,supposed to have arrived,解析 句意为：你们完成这项工程了吗？非常抱歉地告诉你，当我们发现它将会花多少钱时，就放弃了它。when引导的是时间状语从句，由found可知，表示的是过去的时间，因此，“放弃”应用一般过去时；found后为宾语从句，表示将来的动作，应用过去将来时，故选D。,.单项填空 16.Have you complete
25、d the project? Im sorry to tell you that we it when we found how much it .(2016启东中学高二期中) A.have abandoned；costs B.abandoned；cost C.had abandoned；cost D.abandoned；would cost,答案,解析,17.How long do you expect it before the African can keep the disease under control? As soon as possible.(2016仙城中学高二期中) A.
26、is B.has been C.will be D.will have been,答案,解析,解析 句意为：你认为要过多久非洲人民才能控制这种疾病。 尽可能快的。Itwill be时间段before.意为“要过之后才”。,18.Did Jack come back early last night? Yes.It was not yet eight oclock he arrived home. (2016大丰新丰中学高二期中) A.before B.until C.when D.after,答案,解析,解析 句意为：杰克昨晚回来得早吗？是的。当他回来的时候，还不到八点钟。句中it是指“时间”
27、；when引导时间状语从句。,19.Doctors have to learn new knowledge in their field constantly so that they can maintain their professional . A.consequences B.independence C.competence D.intelligence,答案,解析,解析 句意为：医生必须不断地在他们的领域学习新知识以便能够维持他们的职业技能。competence技能，符合题意。consequence结果；independence独立；intelligence智力，智慧。,解析 考
28、查虚拟语气。本句是一个倒装句，可还原为：if they had known what was coming next，they might have had second thoughts。根据had known提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用would/mighthave done，由此可见选项D符合语境。,20.Had they known what was coming next，they second thoughts. A.may have B.could have C.must have had D.might have had,答案,解析,语法专题,用适当的助
29、动词填空 1.We go to London first next week. 2.The modern Olympic Games held in 1896，in Athens. 3.What you do if you had a billion yuan? 4.Hope you wont have to wait as long as we .Good luck! 5.As you can see，I escape. 6.He has made great progress recently，and so you.,助动词,will,were,would,did,did,have,助动词
30、和其他动词一起构成时态、语气和语态。可以用作助动词的有be，do，have和情态动词。 We are having an English class.(are帮助主要动词have构成现在进行时) I have seen the film.(have帮助主要动词see构成现在完成时) He didnt go home last night.(didnt帮助主要动词go构成一般过去时) We will fly for Africa next month.(will帮助主要动词fly构成一般将来时) He was sent to England.(was帮助主要动词send构成被动语态) I wou
31、ld fly to Sweden if I were a bird.(would帮助主要动词fly构成虚拟语气),Had I lived in London，I would have been to London Bridge.(had与would have分别帮助主要动词live与be构成虚拟语气) 情态动词表示必要性、职责和可能性。像其他助动词一样，情态动词也用于其他主要动词前，不能单独作句子的谓语。因此，情态动词也被当作情态助动词。 We have/need to go home now.(表示必要性) Students must study hard.(表示职责) It can be
32、very hot in summer in our hometown.(表示可能性),一些常见的助动词的用法： 1.助动词do，does，did用来构成否定或疑问句，以及强调结构。 I do not like him.(构成否定句) Do you like college life？(构成疑问句) Did you study English before you came here？(构成疑问句) Do call me tomorrow.(构成强调结构) He did know that.(构成强调结构) 注意：do可用作代动词。例如： Do you like Beijing? Yes，I d
33、o.(do用作代动词，代替like Beijing),2.have (got) to表示“得做某事”，或提出建议，其否定形式not have to意为“不必”。 I have (got) to clean the blackboard before the teacher comes. I have (got) to go now；my wife will be waiting for me. You didnt have to tell her the whole story. 3.would rather/sooner.than.意为“宁愿而不愿意”。 Many countries wou
34、ld rather be cautious with this new technology. I would sooner walk to work than take a bus.,4.be to表示将来的打算和安排，或用于正式的指示和命令。(注：这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态的表达法。) You are to be back before five oclock. 注意：be动词不定式的其他用法 a.征求意见。如：How am I to answer him? b.表示相约、商定。如：We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow
35、 morning.,5.be likely to意为“某事有可能发生或可能是真的”。 He is likely to win the first prize. That is not likely to happen. 6.be supposed to用来表示“被期望”或“应该”。其否定形式be not supposed to用来表示“不允许”。 Teachers are supposed to treat all the students alike. You are not supposed to smoke on the bus.,注意：(1)当be supposed to.的主语是“物
36、”时，它表示“本应；本该”，用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”。 The train was supposed to arrive an hour ago. (2)be supposed to后面接“have过去分词”时，表示“本应该做某事而没做”。 You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.,7.used to表示“过去一直”或“过去经常”。 I used to love cats，until I was attacked by a big black cat last year. He didnt use to/use
37、d not to smoke when he was young. Did he use to come as often as he does now?,.用助动词的适当形式填空 1.English (be) becoming more and more important. 2.The window (be) broken by Tom. 3.He (be) to come to the office this afternoon. 4.By the end of last month，they (have) finished half of their work. 5.He (do no
38、t) like to study. 6.I (do) go there yesterday. 7.Only when we began our college life (do) we realize the importance of English. 8.He said he (will) come.,题组训练,is,was,is,had,doesnt,did,did,would,.句型转换 1.He will teach us English next term. We English by him next term. 2.The teacher said to him，“You mu
39、st come here on time.” The teacher said to him，“ come here on time.” 3.I was going to explain when she interrupted me. I explain when she interrupted me.,will,be,taught,Do,was,about,to,4.Lets go out for a walk，what about you? Lets go out for a walk， ? 5.Had he come here earlier，he would have seen th
40、e beautiful computer. he here earlier，he would have seen the beautiful computer.,shall,we,If,had,come,解析 考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意为：正如报道的那样，要加快供给侧结构改革今后几年要付出更多的努力。根据时间状语in the years ahead可知，此处要用一般将来时，再结合主语more efforts与动词make之间为被动关系可知，答案为B。,1.More efforts，as reported， in the years ahead to accelerate the suppl
41、yside structural reform.(2016江苏，22) A.are made B.will be made C.are being made D.have been made,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.Dashan，who crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western standup tradition. (2016江苏，29) A.will be learning B.is learning C.had been learni
42、ng D.has been learning,答案,解析,解析 考查现在完成进行时。句意为：大山已经学习相声中国传统喜剧形式数十年了，他想把中国相声与西方单口相声融合起来。根据时间状语for decades和主句谓语动词wants可知，此处表示从过去到现在(有可能延续到将来)的动作，故此处要用现在完成进行时。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3.Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I my book in the cafe. (2015安徽，24) A.have left B.had left C.would leave D.was leav
43、ing,答案,解析,解析 考查动词的时态。 句意为：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在咖啡馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时，故选B。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.(2015四川，4) A.are being built B.will be built C.have been built D.had been built,答案,解析,解析 考查动词的时态。句意为
44、：四川很快就将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济(发展)。根据时间状语soon可知，此句为将来时，故选B。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement so far by the two sides.(2015天津，9) A.has been reached B.was reached C.will reach D.will have reached,答案,解析,解析 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意为：尽管之前进行了多轮会谈，但到目前为止双方还没达成任何协议。根据时间状语so far可知，此处要用现在完
45、成时；主语agreement与动词reach之间为动宾关系，故要用现在完成时的被动形式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.Marty really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.(2015陕西，22) A.worked B.has been working C.had worked D.has worked,答案,解析,解析 考查动词的时态。句意为：马蒂一直在非常努力地写书，他认为他将在周五前完成。由后文提示“hell have finished it by Friday”可知，work这一动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，并且现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时。,1,2,3,4,