1、Unit 2 Fit for life,The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Na
2、uru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter，a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.,话题导入,However，because it was very remote，Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.Then whaling ships and ot
3、her traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A ten-year civil war started，which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900. Naurus real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphat
4、e(磷酸盐) on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which is a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.,A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground；it is a strip mine.When a company strip-mines，it removes the top layer of soil
5、.Then it takes away the material it wants.Strip mining totally destroys the land.Gradually，the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.,U
6、nfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Some people realized that they had a terrible problemtheir phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.B
7、y 2000，Nauru was almost financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately 433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.,完成这篇文章的文脉构架图,ecological,captain,balance,mining,richest,基础自测,课文预读,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading,基础
8、自测,.重点单词 1. n.药剂师，药商；化学家n.化学 2. n.巨变，大变革；革命；旋转，天体运行v.变革，革命 3. n.柜台；计数器；反驳vt.反驳；抵制，抵消v.数数，计算；依靠 4. adj.有益的；有用的v.对有益；得益于n.益处,chemist,chemistry,revolution,revolute,counter,count,beneficial,benefit,5. vt.拥有，具有n.个人财产；拥有，具有 6. adj.对极重要的，必不可少的 7. n.可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的adv.潜在地，可能地 8. vi.& vt.循环；传播，散布；传递
9、，传阅n.循环；传播 9. adj.不正常的，反常的(反义词) adj.正常的；平常的,possess,possession,vital,potential,potentially,circulate,circulation,abnormal,normal,10. vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊adj.令人惊讶的adj.感到惊讶的n.惊讶 11. n.应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷vt.申请；应用；涂抹 12. adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的n.影响；结果 13. n.批准，通过；赞成，同意v.批准，通过；赞成，同意,astonish,astonishing,astonished,a
10、stonishment,application,apply,effective,effect,approval,approve,14. vt.& vi.(使)加速，加快n.加快；增进 15. adj.大规模的；数量极多的n.一团，一堆；许多；(物理)质量 16. n.疾病；恶心，呕吐adj.有病的；恶心的 17. n.症状；征兆 18. vi.流血，失血n.血，血液,accelerate,acceleration,mass,sickness,sick,symptom,bleed,blood,.重点短语 1. 集中于；专注于 2. 打开；开拓 3. 上百万的 4. 以形式 5. 实施；执行 6.
11、 测试，试验；参加选拔 7. 大量地 8. 因为；由于 9. 认出，辨别出；挑选 10. 偶然地,focus on,open up,millions of,in the form of,carry out,try out,in large quantities,due to,pick out,by accident,Nearly 3,500 years ago，people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves (possess) a special chemical to reduce body pains and
12、fever. 大约3 500年以前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。,.重点句式,. you will find aspirin and penicillin. 你很可能会找到阿司匹林和青霉素。,1.It is likely that.,it is likely that,2.现在分词作定语,possessing,If penicillin available，many people _ sickness or even small wounds. 如果没有青霉素，很多人都将死于疾病，甚至是很小的伤口。,Not only vital for r
13、educing fever and helping stop pain，but also other things that aspirin can help with. 阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。,3.not only.but also.,4.if引导的虚拟条件句,has aspirin proved,there are,had not been,would have died from,课文预读,.课文阅读理解 1.Whats the main idea of this passage? A.Famous doctors. B.How Penicillin
14、 and Aspirin were invented. C.Aspirin and Penicillin. D.How to keep healthy.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,2.Which of the following is considered to be the time when Aspirin was invented? A.3,500 years ago. B.2,500 years ago. C.1897. D.1899.,1,2,3,4,5,答案,1,2,3,4,5,3.Which of the following cant Aspirin be used for? A
15、.Keeping quiet. B.Painkilling. C.Curing diabetes. D.Reducing heart attacks.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,4.Which of the following is NOT false? A.Penicillin can keep people healthy by thinning their blood. B.Aspirin can save lives by killing bacteria. C.Aspirin was discovered by accident. D.Penicillin was discovere
16、d by chance.,答案,1,2,3,4,5,5.Who is American? A.Dr Thun. B.Smith. C.Alexander Fleming. D.Howard Florey.,答案,.课文阅读填空,medicines,use/practice,contained,pain,risk,Preventing/Stopping,levels,bacteria,bestselling,contemporary,.阅读课文，并试着以约30个词概括第二段(P18，L717)的段落大意。 _,This paragraph tells us that long ago peopl
17、e began to use a kind of leaves which contains a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever and in 1897 Aspirin was produced from this chemical.,要点探究,Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented. 这两种药自问世以来已挽救了数百万人的生命
18、，并且已被证明对人类是有益的。,重点词汇,(1)beneficial adj.有益的；有用的 be beneficial to对有益 (2)benefit v.对有益；n.益处 benefit from从中受益 be of benefit有益的(be beneficial) for sb.s benefitfor the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益；为帮助某人,归纳拓展,(1)A good diet is beneficial to health. 良好的饮食有益于健康。 (2)We should spend the money on something that will b
19、enefit everyone. 我们应该把这笔钱花在对大家都有益的事上。 (3)The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned. 新规章将使所有有关人员受益。 (4)I have done it for his benefit. I have done it for the benefit of him. 我为了帮助他才做的那件事。,语境助记,(1)一句多译 该制度有利于城市居民。 The system people in the cities.(benefit vt.) The system people in th
20、e cities.(beneficial) The system people in the cities.(benefit n.) People in the cities the system.(benefit vi.),题组训练,benefits,is beneficial to,is of (great) benefit to,benefit from,(2)It is clear who the new policy will . A.of benefit B.benefit C.benefit from D.benefit by,答案,解析,解析 be of benefit有益的；
21、benefit sb.使某人受益；benefit from从中受益。,Nearly 3,500 years ago，people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever. 大约3 500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。,(1)possess vt.拥有，具有；支配，控制 be possessed of具有某种品质(或特征) (2)possessi
22、on n.U拥有；(常用复数)个人财产 have/get/gain/take possession of占有；拥有 in possession of占有 in the possession of sb.为某人所有,归纳拓展,(1)Poor as they are，they possess many noble qualities. 尽管他们很穷，但是他们拥有很多高尚的品质。 (2)She is a charming lady，possessed of good health and sound intellect. 她是一位拥有健康体质和极佳才智的迷人的女士。 (3)The land is i
23、n the possession of the merchant. 这块地为该商人所有。,语境助记,(1)句型转换 He takes possession of the company. He is the company. The company is him.,题组训练,in,possession,of,in,the,possession,of,(2)As the only child，Jack was all the belongings after his parents died.(2016江苏八校高二期中联考) A.in place of B.in possession of C.
24、in favor of D.in honor of,答案,解析,解析 句意为：作为独生子，父母去世后所有财产归杰克所有。in place of替代；in possession of 拥有；in favor of 支持；in honor of纪念。,vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的 be vital for/to.对极重要的，必不可少的 It is vital to do sth.做某事极其重要。 be of vital importance极其重要 注意：在句型“It is vital(important，impossible，necessary，strange，natural，es
25、sential) that.”中，从句谓语动词要用“(should)动词原形”。,Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. 阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。,归纳拓展,(1)Skillful employees are vital to the success of any company. 熟练的雇员对任何公司的成功都极为重要。 (2)It
26、 is vital to get the victim to the hospital at once. 把受害者立刻送到医院是至关重要的。 (3)It is vital that a middle school student (should) learn English well. 学好英语对中学生来说是十分重要的。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)The cultural industry is to the national economy.It is expected to account for 10% of our countrys GDP by 2018. A.valuable B.
27、vital C.vague D.valid,答案,解析,解析 句意为：文化产业对国家经济是至关重要的。我们期望到2018年，文化产业将占国民生产总值的10%。vital意为“至关重要的”，符合题意。valuable有价值的；vague模糊的；valid合法的，有效的。,(2)It is vital that every piece of equipment before the experiment. (2016淮安淮阴高二期中) A.is checked B.will be checked C.be checked D.must be checked,答案,解析,解析 It is vital
28、 that.从句中的谓语动词用should do表示虚拟语气，should可以省略，故选C。,Lawrence Craven，a doctor from the USA，introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks. 1953年，美国的一位医生劳伦斯克雷文提出了阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作风险的观点,(1)potential n.可能性；潜力，潜能；adj.有潜力的；可能的 realize ones potential发挥某人的潜能 have th
29、e potential to do sth.有潜力做某事 have the potential for (doing) sth.有(做)某事的可能性/潜在性 (2)potentially adv.可能地,归纳拓展,(1)The disease is a potential killer for children. 这种病对孩子们来说是个潜在的杀手。 (2)As a student，you still havent realized your potential. 作为一名学生，你还没有把潜能发挥出来。 (3)He has the potential to become a worldclass
30、 musician. 他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。 (4)The company certainly has the potential for growth. 那家公司当然有发展潜力。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)You mustnt drink before you drive.There is danger in drunk driving.(2016淮安淮阴高二期中) A.precious B.diverse C.potential D.anxious,答案,解析,解析 句意为：开车前你不许饮酒。酒驾有潜在的危险。precious珍贵的；diverse多种多样的；potential潜在的
31、；anxious焦虑的。,(2)Its important for graduates to find a proper job，one in which they can bring their into full play.(2016南京三中高二月考) A.potential B.circumstance C.symptom D.insurance,答案,解析,解析 句意为：对于大学毕业生来说，找到合适的工作非常重要，一份他们能够使他们的潜力得到充分发挥的工作。potential潜力；circumstance环境；symptom症状；insurance保险。,.and in 1977 a
32、study carried out in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes，as well. 并且在1977年，美国做的一项研究表明阿司匹林也能预防中风。,carry out执行，实施；完成(任务) carry on继续 carry sth.through成功完成；顺利实现 carry sb.through帮某人渡过难关 carry off赢得；获得(奖品)；夺走；成功地完成,归纳拓展,(1)The project was carried out by a local company. 这项工程是由当地一家公司完成的。 (2)H
33、e moved to London to carry on his research. 他搬到伦敦继续他的研究。 (3)It was your kindness that carried me through. 正是你的仁慈帮我渡过了难关。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)The China Foreign Exchange Trading System says it will direct trading of the Chinese yuan against the Singapore dollar beginning Tuesday.(2016扬州仙城中学高二期中) A.carry on B
34、.carry out C.carry away D.carry off,答案,解析,解析 句意为：中国外汇交易机构说周二起中国人民币将与新加坡元开展直接兑换。carry out意为“开展，实施”，符合题意。carry on继续；carry away运走；carry off夺去，获得，成功地对付。,(2)I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to a conversation with her.(2016天津，14) A.carry on B.break into C.turn down D.cut off,答案,解析,解析
35、考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。carry on意为“进行，继续”，符合语境。break into打断，闯入；turn down调低，拒绝；cut off停止，中断。,(1)astonish vt.使惊讶；使吃惊 (2)astonished adj.感到惊讶的；使吃惊 be astonished at对感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth.对于做某事感到惊讶 (3)astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 (4)astonishment n.惊讶 to ones astonishment令某人惊讶的是 in/with as
36、tonishment惊奇地；惊愕地，惊讶地,It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead. 他惊讶地发现，这种霉周围的细菌都死了,归纳拓展,(1)What astonished me was that he refused to help. 令我惊讶的是他拒绝帮忙。 (2)I was astonished to see so many people there. 看到如此多的人在那儿，我很吃惊。 (3)He looked at me in astonishment. 他惊奇地望着我。,语境助记,(1)用asto
37、nish的适当形式填空 To my ，everyone looked when I announced the news except Tom，who remained very calm.Did it you to hear that?,题组训练,astonishment,astonished,astonishing,astonish,(2)When the man came in，gun in hand，we all stood there， . (2016江苏八校高二期中联考) A.astonished B.astonishing C.being astonished D.having
38、astonished,答案,解析,解析 句意为：当一名男子进来，手里拿着枪，我们都站在那里，感到惊讶。这里是形容词作伴随状语，相当于并列句and we were astonished。,try out试验，测试；选拔 try on试穿 try to do sth.尽力做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事 try ones best to do sth.尽全力去做某事,Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. 弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上
39、做试验，结果发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。,归纳拓展,(1)The drug has not been tried out on human beings yet. 这种药物尚未进行过人体试验。 (2)Try doing the things you used to enjoy，such as reading or taking a walk in the park. 尝试去做一些你过去很享受的事，比如阅读或者到公园去散步。 (3)He tries his best to help the poor and is respected by them. 他尽全力去帮助穷人，并赢得了他们的尊敬。,语境
40、助记,(1)他拿出一件女装给那位女士试穿。 He held out a dress for the lady .,题组训练,to try on,(2)The new product will be in a certain area to see if it will appeal to young people.(2016淮阴师院附属中学高二期中) A.let out B.tried out C.worn out D.given out,答案,解析,解析 句意为：该新产品将会在某个地区实验，看看它是否会受到年轻人的青睐。let out发出；try out尝试；wear out用坏，磨损，穿破
41、；give out分发，耗尽。,(1)application n.应用，运用；申请(表)；涂抹，外敷 (2)apply vt.应用，适用；申请；涂抹 apply for申请，请求 apply to运用于；涉及到 apply oneself to致力于，专心于 apply.to.把运用于,He immediately realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by bacteria. 他立刻想到可以把这种霉应用到治疗由细菌引起的疾病上。,归纳拓展,(1)The applicatio
42、n of new scientific discoveries to industrial production usually increases efficiency. 把新的科学发现运用到工业生产上通常可以提高效率。 (2)We received ten applications for the job. 我们收到了10份申请此工作的申请书。 (3)The new rule was applied to imported cars. 这条新规定被运用于进口车上。 (4)He applied himself to the task with diligence. 他勤奋地全神贯注于这项工作
43、。,语境助记,(1)用适当的介词填空 Now researchers are applying scientific methods the study of the universality of art. She is too young to apply this job.,题组训练,to,for,(2)The technology，in my opinion，could have in such fields as military，medicine and public safety.(2016盐城中学高二期中) A.appreciations B.appointments C.ap
44、plications D.qualifications,答案,解析,解析 句意为：依我看来，科技可以用于像军队、医疗和公共安全等领域。appreciation感激，欣赏； appointment约会；application应用；qualification资格，资历。,(1)effective adj.有效的；实际的；生效的 (2)effect n.作用，效果 have an effect on对有影响 come into effect生效；开始实行 put.into effect使生效 (3)affect v.影响,Second，it was difficult to produce peni
45、cillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective. 第二，难以生产出足量的青霉素以产生药效。,归纳拓展,(1)One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015浙江) 减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈你的感受。 (2)The new law will come into effect at the start of September. 新的法令将在九月初开始生效。 (3)The drug may affect your power of concentration. 这种药可能会影响你注意力的集中。,语境助记,(1)用effective，effect，affect填空 The plan for protecting the endangered animals will soon be put into . Advertising is often the most method of promotion. It is said that parents quarrel can their childs health.,