1、Unit 1 Laughter is good for you,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,语法专题,基础自测,.重点单词 1. n.健壮，健康；适合adj.适合的；健康的vt.(使)适合n.合身(的衣服)，适合 2. vt.&vi.增强；巩固n.力量adj.强壮的，结实的,fit,strengthen,strength,strong,fitness,3. vi.参加，参与n.参加，参与n.参加者，参与者 4. adj.积极的；正面的；肯定的 5. adj.负面的，消极的；否定的；坏的，有害的 6.
2、 vt.& n.保证；担保 7. n.愚蠢adj.愚蠢的,participate,participation,participant,positive,negative,guarantee,foolishness,foolish,.重点短语 1. 负责，主管 2. 应该 3. 被分为 4. 确保 5. 锻炼；做出；可以解决；计算出 6. 参加，参与 7. 赶走；驱赶 8. 值得,in charge,be supposed to,be divided into,make sure,work out,participate in,drive away,be worth it,.重点句式If you
3、 want to be an actor，there are certain things you will need to know . 如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道一些事情。Dont worry，just follow the stage directions that you have learnt，and say your lines， ! 不要担心，只要按照你学习的舞台说明做，说你的台词，你就会做得很好！,before you can be in a play,and you will do fine,1.before引导时间状语从句,2.祈使句and陈述句,F
4、irst of all， helps improve your general fitness. 首先，大笑帮助你提高你的基本身体素质。you feel upset or disappointed，do not worry. 下次你感到沮丧或者失望时，不要担心。,laughing out loud,The next time,3.动名词短语作主语,4.The next time引导时间状语从句,要点探究,重点词汇,经典句式,(1)strengthen vt.加强；增强；巩固 (2)strength n.力气；体力；强项；优势 have the strength to do sth.有做某事的力
5、气 build up ones strength增强实力,This is because laughter strengthens the heart and the lungs.这是因为笑能增强心肺功能。,归纳拓展,重点词汇,(1)In order to strengthen his muscle，Mike goes to the gym regularly to do exercise. 为了强健肌肉，麦克经常去体育馆锻炼。 (2)He hasnt enough strength to lift the box. 他没有足够的力量搬起那个箱子。,语境助记,(1)为了让一个组里的成员做得更好
6、，训练员首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。 To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their . (2)为了增强体力，比尔进行着大量的锻炼。 Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise .,题组训练,strengths and weaknesses,to build up his strength,(3)To his position in the country，he appointed his close friend Henry as h
7、ead of the troops. A.strengthen B.sponsor C.clarify D.switch,答案,解析,句意为：为了巩固他在这个国家的地位，他任命他的好朋友亨利作为军队的统领。strengthen加强；sponsor赞助；clarify澄清，使清楚；switch转换，转化。,(1)participate vi.参加，参与 participate in参加，参与 (2)participation n.参加，参与 (3)participant n.参与者,As you laugh，the muscles participating in the laugh becom
8、e active. 当你笑的时候，参与笑的肌肉变得活跃起来。,归纳拓展,(1)A lot of countries participated in the Olympic Games in Rio in 2016. 很多国家参加了2016年在里约举办的奥运会。 (2)The scheme aims to encourage participation in sporting activities. 这个方案旨在鼓励大众参与体育活动。,语境助记,题组训练,用participate的适当形式填空 (1)You can enjoy a 50% saving on room rates at all
9、hotels. (2)We would like to see more by younger people. (3)It was argued that he was a willing .,participating,participation,participant,drive away赶走；驱赶；把(车)开走 drive off 开走；赶走；驱散；击退 drive sb.adj.使人 drive sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事,Enjoying a funny comedy or reading some jokes will drive away your negativ
10、e feelings and make you feel much better.享受搞笑的喜剧或阅读一些笑话会赶走你的负面情绪，让你感觉好很多。,归纳拓展,(1)The fresh air seemed to drive away all his sadness. 清新的空气好像驱散了他的悲伤。 (2)The large noise outside really almost drove her mad. 外面那么大的噪音确实差点让她发疯。 (3)The defenders drove off each attack. 防守队员击退了每一次进攻。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)当时，饥饿迫使这个
11、小男孩去偷窃。 Hunger at the time. (2)放松点儿！你把自己弄得太累了。 Take it easy! You are .,drove the little boy to steal,driving yourself too hard,(3)Listen to some soft music，for it can all your anger. A.get away B.drive away C.turn off D.put off,答案,解析,句意为：听一些轻柔的音乐吧，因为它能赶走你所有的愤怒。get away离开；drive away赶走；turn off关闭；put
12、off 延期。由句意可知选B项。,guarantee vt.& n.保证；担保 guarantee sb.against/from.保证某人免受 guarantee sth./to do sth./that.保证/担保/许诺(做)某事 (be) under guarantee在保修期内,Practising is the only way to guarantee a successful performance. 练习是保证演出成功的唯一方法。,归纳拓展,(1)The car club couldnt guarantee to meet the demands of all its memb
13、ers. 这家汽车俱乐部不能保证满足所有成员的要求。 (2)Can you guarantee the graduates a satisfying job when they graduate from university? 你能保证大学生毕业之后能够找到一份满意的工作吗？ (3)My watch is under guarantee，so theyll repair it for free. 我的表还在保修期内，所以他们会免费给我维修。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)Working hard is not only a of great success，but it is among the
14、 essential requirements. A.sign B.signal C.mark D.guarantee,答案,解析,句意为：努力工作不仅仅是成功的保证，也是基本要求之一。sign记号，符号；signal信号；mark标记，符号；guarantee 担保，保证。,(2)As a doctor，I that I will be kind to my patients，love them and do my best to save their lives.That is my promise. A.evaluate B.predict C.suspect D.guarantee,答
15、案,解析,句意为：作为一名医生，我确保我将善待我的病人，关爱他们，并且尽最大的努力挽救他们的生命。这就是我的诺言。evaluate评估；predict预测；suspect 怀疑；guarantee保证。,If you want to be an actor，there are certain things you will need to know before you can be in a play. 如果你想要成为一名演员，在你可以参与演出前你要知道一些事情。,经典句式,(1)before conj.在之前，常用来引导时间状语从句。 (2)It will be一段时间before从句(一
16、般现在时)表示“要过多久才”。 (3)It was一段时间before从句(一般过去时)表示“过了多久才”。,归纳拓展,(1)He had worked in England for 3 years before he came to China. 他来中国前在英国工作了三年。 (2)It will be one year before you finish the task. 再过一年你才能完成任务。 (3)It was seven days before everything returned to normal. 过了七天一切才恢复正常。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)还要过很久我们才能毕业
17、。we graduate. (2)过了三周汤姆才回家的。Tom came home.,It will be long before,It was three weeks before,(3)There is only one more day to go your favorite music group play live.(2015四川，6) A.since B.until C.when D.before,答案,解析,句意为：还有一天你最喜欢的乐队将会现场演奏。since自从；until直到；when当时；before在之前。根据句意可知选D。,Dont worry，just follow
18、 the stage directions that you have learnt，and say your lines，and you will do fine! 不要担心，只要按照你学习的舞台说明做，说你的台词，你就会做得很好！,(1)本句使用了“祈使句and陈述句”结构，祈使句表示条件或假设，相当于if引导的条件状语从句；陈述句表示结果或推论。and表示递进关系，含有“那么”之意。 (2)“祈使句or (else)/otherwise陈述句”结构，用来叙述否定的条件。or (else)/otherwise表示转折关系，意为“否则，要不然”。 (3)“名词词组and陈述句”结构用来叙述肯
19、定的条件。名词词组中通常含有more，another，further，earlier等词。,归纳拓展,(1)Use your head，and then you will find a way. 动动脑筋，你就会找到办法的。 (2)Work hard，or you will fall behind others. 努力学习吧，否则你会落后于别人的。 (3)One more hour，and Ill get the work finished. 再给我一个小时，我就会做完全部工作的。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)一定要小心，否则你会陷入麻烦中的。 Do be more careful， . (2)
20、对你的孩子耐心点，你会变得快乐得多。 Be more patient to your child， .,or you will get into trouble,and you will be much happier,(3) on the top of the tower and youll enjoy the scenery of the whole city. A.Standing B.Stand C.To stand D.Stood,答案,解析,句意为：站在这个塔的顶部，你就会欣赏到整个城市的景色。此处是“祈使句and陈述句”结构，故设空处应用动词原形。,当堂达标,.词形变换 1.Th
21、e old man often does some walking to (strength) his body. 2. He is very young，but he likes reading some articles about (fit). 3.Her (participate) in the activity made the chairman satisfied. 4.Everyone at the meeting was laughing at her (foolish). 5.Its only a small improvement，but at least its a st
22、ep in the right (direct).,strengthen,fitness,participation,foolishness,direction,.完成句子 6. (在阳光下读书) is bad for your eyes. 7. (没过多久) she became a brave soldier. 8. (每次他进城) he would visit our school. 9. (学习再努力些，否则) you wont pass the exam. 10.People (在舞台上表演) should be energetic.,Reading in the sun,It wa
23、snt long before,Each time he came to town,Work harder，or,performing on the stage,.单项填空 11.Males between 18 and 20 had to leave a deposit as a of returning to do their military service. (2017宝应安宜中学高二期中) A.reception B.performance C.charity D.guarantee,答案,解析,句意为：18岁到20岁之间的男子必须留下定金，作为他们回来服兵役的保证。receptio
24、n接待；performance表演；charity慈善；guarantee保证。由句意可知选D项。,12.Im sorry youve been waiting so long，but itll still be some time Brain gets back.(2017泰州中学高二月考) A.before B.since C.till D.after,答案,解析,句意为：很抱歉让你等了那么久，但是还要过一段时间Brain才会回来。It will be some time before.意为“要过多久之后才”。,13. ，I think，and the problems could be
25、settled.(2017无锡江阴四校高二期中) A.If you double your efforts B.So long as you keep up your spirits C.Making greater efforts D.A bit more efforts,答案,解析,句意为：再努力些，我想，这些问题都能解决的。此处是“名词短语and陈述句”，相当于“祈使句and陈述句”。,14. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged how great their achievements are. A.in spite of B.
26、in charge of C.in favor of D.in terms of,答案,解析,句意为：对许多科学家和工程师，人们是根据他们的成就有多大来评判的。in spite of不顾，不管；in charge of负责，掌管；in favor of支持，赞同；in terms of就而言，在方面。,15. We at the school gate， into four groups. A.divided；separated B.were divided；separated C.separated；divided D.were separated；divided,答案,解析,separat
27、e在此题中作不及物动词，表示“分手，分开”，排除D项；后面一空表示“被分成四组”，用divide的过去分词形式作方式状语。,语法专题非谓语动词(),语法感知,语法精析,高考链接,用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.It usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affect-ion for or admire the person (make) fun of. 2.They could only see him (stand) there moving his lips. 3.The man (perform) on
28、the stage is a famous comedian. 4.In 1975，George Burns acted in a film (call) The Sunshine Boys. 5.Moving into the new district，he had no friends (play) with.,语法感知,being made,standing,performing,called,to play,语法精析,一、非谓语动词的句法功能,二、不定式和动名词作主语 1.不定式作主语 To be a doctor is hard.想要成为一名医生很难。 To learn Englis
29、h well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式(短语)作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用”it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well.,如果要表示动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式的前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例如： Its good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有
30、益的。,2.动名词作主语 His being elected our chairman made us think of a lot. 他当选为我们的主席使我们想起了许多许多。 动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用“It is.”和“There is.”两种句式来表示。例如： It is no use waiting for him any longer. 等他是没有用的。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。,三、非谓语动词作定语 1.不定式作定语 (1)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是
31、不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。 (2)当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较： Have you got anything to send？你有什么东西要寄吗？(不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”),Have you got anything to be sent？你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗？(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人
32、”) (3)用不定式作定语的几种情况： 不定式表将来。 The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。 用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为主动关系。 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这个工作的最佳人选。,2.动名词作定语 动名词作定语常常置于被修饰词之前，表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能，相当于that/which can be used for doing结构。 Do you know if the sleeping pill has its side
33、 effect? (Do you know if the pill that/which can be used for sleeping has its side effect？) 你知道这安眠药有副作用吗？,3.分词作定语 (1)作定语用的分词如果是一个单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在被修饰词的后面；分词作定语相当于定语从句；过去分词作定语，它和被修饰词之间往往是被动关系(及物动词)，或已经完成(不及物动词)；现在分词作定语，它和被修饰词之间往往是主动关系。 The road was blocked by a fallen tree (a tree that/wh
34、ich had fallen). 路被倒下的树堵塞了。 He was hit by a falling tree (a tree that/which was falling) and killed on the spot. 他被倒下来的树击中，当场死亡。,(2)“being过去分词”作定语表示被动和正在进行；“to be过去分词”表被动和将来。 The house being built (The house that/which is being built) will be our new library. 正在建筑中的这所房子将是我们的图书馆。 The question to be d
35、iscussed (The question that/which will be discussed) tomorrow is very important. 明天将要讨论的问题很重要。,四、不定式和分词作宾语补足语 1.不定式作宾补 (1)动词不定式作宾补省略to的情况：see，watch，notice，observe，look at；hear，listen to；feel等感官动词，以及have，let，make等使役动词后面加宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略，但如果句子变成被动结构，就必须带to。help的宾补可以加to也可以不加to(五看、三让、两听、一感觉、半帮助)。 Did y
36、ou notice anyone leave the house? 你注意到有人离开这房子了吗？ Was anyone noticed to leave the house? 可有人被注意到离开这座房子了吗？,(2)后接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词和动词短语有：wish，cause，ask，beg，expect，force，invite，permit，persuade，want，warn，like，order，allow，advise，request，require，get，remind，teach，send，call on，wait for，would like/love，prefer，
37、arrange for，depend on等。 The doctor advised me to give up smoking. 医生建议我要戒烟。 They called on the writer to make a speech. 他们要求那位作家作一次演讲。,(3)think，consider，find等动词后作宾语补足语通常是“to be形容词或名词”结构，to be常可省略。 This award is considered (to be) a great honor. 这项奖项被认为是极大的荣誉。 She thought him (to be) kind and generou
38、s. 她认为他宽厚仁慈。,2.分词作宾补 分词可以跟名词或代词构成复合宾语，并且名词或代词与分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。 He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。 The teacher spoke loudly in order to make himself heard by the students at the back. 老师提高声音让后边的学生也能听到。,题组训练,.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.This is the path (lead) to the school. 2.She is a
39、lways the last (speak) at the meeting. 3.The little girl (dress) in white is Marys younger sister. 4.I think the best way (travel) is on foot. 5.The workers were made (work) day and night.,leading,to speak,dressed,to travel,to work,.句型转换 1.When he woke up，he found that he was lying on the ground. Wh
40、en he woke up，he . 2.The girl was seated under that tree.Do you know her ? Do you know ? 3.My computer doesnt work.Ill ask someone to repair it. My computer doesnt work and Ill .,found,him,lying,on,the,ground,the,girl,seated,under,that,tree,get,it,repaired,4.The boys were playing football.I saw it j
41、ust now. I just now. 5.She will buy this coat.She will give it to her mother. This coat is for her mother.,saw,the,boys,playing,football,to,be,bought,by,her,高考链接,1.To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江，10) A.having conducted B.to be c
42、onducted C.conducting D.conducted,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。分析句子成分可知，句中没有连词，所以空处用非谓语动词，且 a study和 conduct 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,2.In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret messagewithin the work.(2016江苏，28) A.to hide B.hidden C.hiding D
43、.being hidden,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：在艺术评论中，你得假设艺术家藏了一个秘密信息在作品中。句中message与hide之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词作后置定语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,3. the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015安徽，27) A.Ignore B.Ignoring C.Ignored D.Having ignored,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：忽视这两个研究结果的不同将是你犯的
44、最严重的错误之一。从will be one of the worst mistakes you make来看，will的前面部分是主语，因此用v.-ing短语作主语。这里表达一般情况，因此不用完成式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,4.Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it live is quite another.(2015浙江，18) A.perform B.performing C.to perform D.being performed,答案,解析,考查非谓语动词。句意为：在家听音乐是一回事，去现场听正在被演
45、奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系，且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐，故应用being performed作宾语补足语。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,5.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.(2015陕西，17) A.to thank B.thanking C.having thanked D.t
46、o have thanked,答案,解析,句意为：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖之后，安妮本尼迪克特继续感谢所有曾经在她的事业中帮助她的人。go on to do sth.继续做另一件事；go on doing sth.继续做同一件事。拿奖后又继续做另一件事，即“感谢所有帮助过她的人”，所以选A。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,6.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home.(2015陕西，18) A.taking B.taken C.take D.be taken,