1、Unit 2 The environment,话题导入,The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the worlds supply of water.With 97% of the worlds water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture，the worldwide supply of water needs careful management，especially in agriculture.Although the idea of a w
2、ater shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country，many of the worlds agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.,Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons，the costs of water redistribution(重新分
3、配) are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself，but there is also an environmental cost to be considered.Where valleys are flooded to create dams，houses are lost and homes of wildlife are destroyed.Besides，water may flow easily through pipes to fields，but it cannot be transport
4、ed from one side of the world to the other.Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.,This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation.In Texas，farmers overuse of irrigation water h
5、as resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA，a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys，but much of the water use has been poorly managed. Saudi Arabias attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping o
6、f huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas，such reserves can only decrease，and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.,根据上文完成下列各题 1.Why does the worldwide supply of water need careful management? _ _ 2.What is
7、 most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?3.Whats the text mainly about?,Because 97% of the worlds water is too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture.,Steps to improve water use management.,Water supply.,基础自测,课文预读,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading,基础自测,1. n.
8、顾问 2. n.& vi.辩论；争论，讨论 3. vi.流动，流畅地进行n.流动；连贯 4. n.责任，义务，本分 5. n.产量；生产vt.生产n.产品adj.多产的,.重点单词,consultant,debate,flow,duty,production,produce,product,productive,6. vt.& vi.回收利用 7. adj.贪婪的，贪心的n.贪婪；贪心 8. n.责任，职责adj.负责任的 9. n.看法；信念v.相信 10. adj.环境的n.环境,recycle,greedy,greed,responsibility,responsible,belief,
9、believe,environmental,environment,11. vt.& vi.经营；动手术n.管理；手术 12. n.赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分 13. n.数量n.质量；品质 14. adj.愿意的，乐意的adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的 15. vt.& vi.用泵(或泵样器官等)输送；涌出，涌流n.泵；抽水机；打气筒,operate,operation,credit,quantity,quality,willing,unwilling,pump,.重点短语 1. 自由发言 2. 流入 3. 也 4. 减少，缩减，削减 5. 用尽 6. 用完，耗尽,open t
10、he floor,flow into,as well,cut back on,use up,run out (of),The worlds population has grown by in 1800. 目前的世界人口数量比1800年增长了6倍。However，I that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled，. 但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，,six times what it was,do agree,1.倍数表达法,2.do表强调的用法,.重点句式,_we nee
11、d are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow. 我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，同时保障我们国家的发展。they run out? 它们用完了会怎么样呢？,What,What if,3.what引导主语从句,4.what if.,课文预读,1,2,3,4,.课文阅读理解,1.What is the focus of the debate according to the text? A.Developing economy is the most important. B.Pr
12、eserving the environment is the most important. C.The relationship between the environment and the economy. D.The factories which cause much pollution to the environment should pay higher taxes.,答案,5,2.According to Lin Shuiqing，there are mainly causes responsible for the environmental destruction. A
13、.five B.two C.three D.four,答案,1,2,3,4,5,3.We can infer that both sides agree on the point that . A.people should cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy B.recycling will help in both the fields of economy and environment C.it is very important to reduce the amount of j
14、obs D.we need more effective laws to preserve the environment,答案,1,2,3,4,5,4.A business development consultant is often seen as the environment，but in fact they often work with many environmental consultants. A.being for；side by side B.being in；hand in hand C.being at；against D.being against；side by
15、 side,答案,1,2,3,4,5,5.We can predict that the debating show would be probably part of a(n) programme. A.economics B.entertainment C.films and plays D.military,答案,1,2,3,4,5,.课文阅读填空,host,Suggestions/Advice,damaging,killing,caught,friendly,population,friendly,development,preserve,taxes,.课文阅读简答,1.What si
16、de does Ms Lin Shuiqing and Mr Qian Liwei each represent? _ 2.By how many times has the worlds population increased since 1800? _ 3.According to Mr Qian Liwei，what should be done to factories that pollute the environment?,Ms Lin represents the society for Environmental Preservation while Mr Qian is
17、an economist.,More than six times.,Those factories should have to pay higher taxes.,要点探究,重点词汇,经典句式,难句分析,debate n.& vi.辩论；争论，讨论 under debate正在辩论中 beyond debate无可争辩 注意：debate作动词时，后接名词、动名词或连接代(副)词引起的不定式短语，不接that从句。,Todays debate question is. 今天的辩题是,归纳拓展,重点词汇,debate，argue，discuss (1)debate争论，辩论，讨论，指正式的、
18、慎重的辩论和争论。通常由评判人裁决或按规则进行，由双方各自申述理由，“交锋”意味较强。 (2)argue争论，论证，以说理的方式摆出观点，或以激烈的争论方式交换意见，以致争吵。 (3)discuss讨论，商讨；辩论，重在交换意见、进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的意味。,易混辨析,(1)U.S.second presidential debate sees the number of social media viewers soar while TV audience decline. 第二场美国总统辩论见证了社交媒体观众数目飙升而电视观众数目有所下降。 (2)The proposal is un
19、der debate. 那个提议还在讨论当中。 (3)They are arguing with each other about money. 他们正在为钱争吵。 (4)Ill discuss the problem with him later. 我等一会儿再跟他讨论这个问题。,语境助记,(1)By now，who is winning is (无可争辩).,题组训练,beyond debate,(2)He that the experiment could be done in another way. A.debated B.argued C.discussed D.quarrelle
20、d,答案,解析,句意为：他争辩说可以用另外一种方法做这个实验。argue可接that从句，其他三项通常不接that从句。,open the floor自由发言 take the floor发言 have/get the floor取得发言权 give the floor to sb.让某人发言,Then we will open the floor for discussion. 之后我们将展开自由讨论。,归纳拓展,(1)Now lets open the floor. 现在我们自由发言。 (2)After they each had said a few words，Professor Wh
21、ite took the floor. 他们每个人说了几句话之后，怀特教授开始发言。 (3)The president didnt give me the chance to have the floor. 主席没有给我发言的机会。,语境助记,题组训练,(1) (谁发言) isnt important to us.,Who will take the floor,(2)Whom will the headteacher give the to in the class meeting tomorrow? Yang Xiaohuiour monitor. A.words B.order C.fl
22、oor D.discussion,答案,解析,give the floor to sb.让某人发言。,cut back on减少，削减，缩减 cut down削减，缩减；砍倒 cut in插入；插话；插队；超车 cut sth.into sth.把切成 cut off切断，中断 cut out剪掉；戒掉；停止；删除,It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the number of things we make and buy. 削减生产量，减少我们制造和购买东西的数量都是我们的责任。,归纳拓展,(1)In orde
23、r to save money，they wanted to cut back on the cost. 为了节省资金，他们想削减成本。 (2)They were cut off from the outside world because of the storm. 由于暴风雨，他们被切断了与外界的联系。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)用适当的介、副词填空 First，cut the meat small pieces. They cut the big tree. Dont cut when others are talking. I must cut smoking.,into,down,i
24、n,out,(2)While prices are rising so fast，many people are working out ways to their expenses.(2017盐城南洋中学高二期中) A.cut back on B.put down C.turn down D.make up for,答案,(1)responsibility n.责任；职责 have responsibility for对有责任；对负责 a sense of responsibility责任感 (2)responsible adj.负责任的，有责任心的 be responsible for对负
25、责；是的原因 be responsible to sb.对某人负责,They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money. 他们会联想到那些逃避责任，只想着赚钱的贪婪的商人。,归纳拓展,(1)You have responsibility for clearing up the classroom after class. 下课后你负责打扫教室。 (2)Politicians are responsible to the voters. 政治家对选民负责
26、。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)这场事故是这个男孩的责任，而非他朋友的责任。 The boy，rather than his friends， the accident. (2)就个人而言，我认为有一种责任感是非常重要的。 Personally speaking，I think it is of great importance to have _.,is responsible for,a sense of,responsibility,(3)She has already tried her best and she is for her job.Please dont be too abo
27、ut it. A.responsibility；special B.responsible；responsible C.responsibly；unusual D.responsible；particular,答案,解析,be responsible for对负责任；be particular about对挑剔。,(1)belief n.看法，信念 have belief in对有信心 beyond belief难以置信的 (2)believe v.相信 believe it or not信不信由你,People often have this belief that development
28、is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true. 人们常常认为经济发展对环境有害，但这不一定是正确的。,归纳拓展,(1)I have much belief in his honesty. 我非常相信他的诚实。 (2)Believe it or not，I will marry Mary next month! 信不信由你，我和Mary下个月就要结婚了！,语境助记,题组训练,(1)What he said was (难以置信的).,beyond belief,(2)I asked my boss for a months
29、 holiday and， ，she agreed. A.believing or not B.that is to say C.believe it or not D.to believe it or not,答案,解析,句意为：我向老板请了一个月的假，信不信由你，她同意了。believe it or not信不信由你。,(1)operate vt.经营，管理；操作；vi.动手术；运转；起作用，见效 operate on sb.(for.) (因某病)给某人动手术 (2)operation n.运转，运行，操作 come/go into operation生效，实行,The people o
30、perating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment. 这些工厂的经营者非常关心环境。,归纳拓展,(1)This machine is very easy to operate. 这机器操作很简单。 (2)Doctors decided to operate on the patient at once. 医生们决定立刻给病人动手术。 (3)The new rules come into operation from next week. 这些新的规则将从下个星期起生效。,语境助记,题组训练,(1) accord
31、ing to the instructions，the robot can behave like a human being with average IQ. A.When to operate B.When operating C.When to be operated D.When operated,答案,解析,句意为：当根据说明书操作时，机器人的行为可以像普通智商的人类。句中operate与逻辑主语the robot为被动关系，故用过去分词。故D项正确。,(2)Difficult in practice，this new technique hasnt been applied. A.
32、operated B.to be operated C.operating D.to operate,答案,解析,句意为：因为这种新技术很难在实践中操作，所以它没有被应用。此处相当于because it is difficult to operate in practice，省略because it is之后就变成了 difficult to operate in practice。,quantity n.数量 in quantity大量，大批，许多 quantities of名词谓语动词复数 许多 a quantity of名词复数谓语动词复数/不可数名词谓语动词单数 大量,Ms Lin s
33、uggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment. 林女士建议我们应当缩减生产量来拯救环境。,归纳拓展,(1)The steel works supplied us with raw material in large quantities. 那家钢铁厂给我们提供了大量原材料。 (2)Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year. 去年大量的石油被用船运往了日本。 (3)A large
34、quantity of food has been supplied to the flooded area. 大量的食品被提供给了洪灾地区。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)用所给词的正确形式填空 A quantity of land wasted while quantities of victims starving.(be),is,are,(2)Why does the river smell terrible? Because large quantities of water . A.have polluted B.is being polluted C.has been pollute
35、d D.have been polluted,答案,解析,句意为：这条河的河水为什么发臭啊？因为大量的河水被污染了。large quantities of water中是large quantities作主语，故谓语动词用复数形式。选项D正确。,(1)willing adj.愿意的，乐意的 be willing to do sth.愿意做某事 (2)unwilling adj.不愿意的 be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事,Asking around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for t
36、hings that are friendly to the environment. 询问了周围的人，我发现很多人愿意付高一点儿的价格买环境友好型商品。,归纳拓展,(1)If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to lend a hand. 如果你有困难，迈克总是很乐意向你伸出援手。 (2)Is there any man unwilling to fight in defence of his country? 难道有谁不愿为保卫自己的国家而战吗？,语境助记,题组训练,(1)你知道琳达是否愿意负责这个项目吗？ Do you know if
37、Linda take charge of the program?,is willing to,(2) to accept his offer，she politely said that she could manage it by herself. A.Willingly B.Willing C.Unwillingly D.Unwilling,答案,解析,句意为：因为不愿意接受他的帮助，她礼貌地说她自己可以解决。unwilling不愿意的，不情愿的，在句中作原因状语。,use up用完，一般用人作主语 run out一般以物作主语，表示该物已用光，以主动形式表示被动意义(be used u
38、p意义与run out相同) run out of后接用光物品的名词，主语则是人或地区,The number of people in the world keeps growing，and we are producing more rubbish and using up more raw materials. 世界人口不断增长，我们制造的垃圾越来越多，并且即将用尽更多的原材料。,归纳拓展,(1)Who has used up/run out of the oil? 谁用光了石油？ (2)We should store some money before the money runs ou
39、t. 趁着没把钱用光我们应当存一些。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)一句多译 汽油已经用光了。 The petrol . The petrol . We .,has been used up,has run out,have run out of/used up the petrol,(2)Food supplies in the earthquake area .We must act immediately before theres none left. A.are being run out B.are running out C.have run out D.have been run
40、out,答案,解析,run out用完，用尽，无被动形式，故排除A、D两项。根据后半句可知食物快用完了，故用现在进行时表将来。,(3)With drink and food ，the prisoner had to walk out of the cave where he was hiding.(2017盐城时杨中学高二期中) A.running out of B.ran out C.used up D.using up,答案,The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 目前世界人口数量比1800年增长了
41、6倍。,经典句式,归纳拓展,倍数表达法： 英语中倍数主要由“基数词times”表示，“两倍”用twice。常用以下几种句型： (1)倍数what从句 (2)倍数as.as (3)倍数比较级than (4)倍数the size/height.of. (5)倍数that of.,(1)The production this year is five times what it was ten years ago. 今年的产量是十年前的五倍。 (2)This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大5倍。 (3)The hei
42、ght of the new building is three times that of the old one. 这座新楼的高度是旧楼的三倍。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)一句多译 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。 Asia is of Europe. Asia is as Europe. Asia is than Europe.,four times the size,four times as large,three times larger,(2)In the Asian Games in South Korea，the Chinese team won gold medals as Japan
43、. A.more than 3 times as many B.3 times more than as C.as many more than 3 times D.as more than 3 times,答案,解析,句意为：在韩国的亚运会上中国队赢得的金牌数是日本队赢得金牌数的三倍多。根据英语中的倍数表达法句型结构：Abe倍数as形容词asB，判断选A。,“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件： (1)句子是肯定句； (2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。,However，I do agree that we shou
44、ld produce more things from materials that have been recycled，. 但是，我非常赞同我们应该更多地利用回收材料制造产品，,归纳拓展,(1)To my great joy，the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for. 使我高兴的是，这棵植物看起来的确像是我们正在寻找的那种。 (2)He does work hard and finish the job in time. 他工作的确努力，并及时完成任务。 (3)Do come and see us some day.
45、务必在某一天来看我们。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)你到那儿后务必给我来信。to me when you get there.,Do write,(2)Did you ring her last night? Yes，I her，but she wasnt at home. A.really ring B.did ring C.did rang D.do ring,答案,解析,句意为：你昨晚给她打电话了吗？是的，我的确给她打电话了，但是她不在家。陈述句中动词前加助动词do起强调作用。结合语境可知下文描述的是过去的动作，故用did动词原形。,what在此处引导的是主语从句，引导主语从句的词还有th
46、at，whether，which，who，whose，whatever，whichever，how，why等。,What we need are better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow. 我们需要更有效的法律来保护环境，同时保障我们国家的发展。,归纳拓展,(1)What was most important to her，she told me，was her family. 她告诉我对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。 (2)That everything in the world changes was often a theme in poetry of the Romantic Movement. 世界上的万物都是变化的，这常常是浪漫主义运动诗歌的主题。 (3)Whether he has been abroad or not doesnt make much difference. 他是否出过国不重要。 (4)Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 他们为什么突然消失了还是个谜。,