1、Unit 1 Getting along with others,基础自测,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,语法专题,基础自测,.重点单词 1. n.娱乐，消遣 2. adv.& adj.在线(的) 3. n.身份 4. adj.荒唐的，怪诞的,amusement,online,identity,absurd,.重点短语 1. 熬夜 2. 毫无疑问 3. 想出，提出 4. 使某人振奋 5. 宁愿 6. 而不是 7. 渴望做某事 8. 推迟,stay up,no doubt,come up with,cheer s
2、b.up,would rather,rather than,look forward to doing sth.,put off,.重点句式He is ， ，so everyone likes him. 他不仅有礼貌，而且心胸宽广，也不失幽默，所以大家都很喜欢他。You know I study algebra and arithmetic! 你知道我宁愿去看牙科医生也不愿去学代数和算术！,not only polite,but also open-minded and humorous,would rather visit the dentist than,1.not only.but al
3、so.,2.would rather.than.,要点探究,重点词汇,经典句式,(1)neither pron.两者中无论哪一个都不，常见结构为：neither.nor.表示“既不也不”，连接的并列结构主要有：并列主语、并列谓语、并列状语和并列宾语(表语)。,Neither of us is quietthats for sure! 我们两人都不是安静的人那是肯定的！,归纳拓展,重点词汇,(2)当neither.nor.连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近的主语保持一致。 (3)neither表示“两者”的完全否定，而both与not搭配则构成“两者”的部分否定；在表示“三者(或以上)”的完全
4、否定时，用none，no one，nothing等，而表示“三者(或以上)”的部分否定时，用not等否定词与all，every，always等搭配。,(1)That is neither my fault nor yours. 那既不是我的错亦非你的错。 (2)He neither drinks nor smokes. 他既不喝酒也不吸烟。 (3)Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。,语境助记,(1)无论他们还是他都不是完全正确的。they he wholly right. (2)汤姆来得正是时候，既不太早也不太晚。 Tom ca
5、me at the right time， too early too late.,题组训练,Neither,nor,is,neither,nor,(3)The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but contained any useful suggestions.(2015福建，21) A.all B.none C.either D.neither,答案,解析,句意为：这个研究组发布了以这个调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。根据题干中的two reports和but可知，此处表示“两者都不”，所以用n
6、either。,stay up熬夜，不睡觉；保持留在原位；挺住 stay still静止不动 stay with和呆在一起 stay out不在家；避开,We stay up at night and talk about many things. 我们晚上会聊许多事情，睡得比较晚。,归纳拓展,(1)We stayed up till midnight studying English. 我们一直学英语到午夜。 (2)Strong houses may stay up through the earthquake. 坚固的房子可能会在地震中保存下来。 (3)Dont stay still；th
7、ere is a guest. 别呆着了，客人来了。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)为了完成我的报告，我打算熬夜。 I am going to to finish my report. (2)他父亲叫他避开麻烦。 His father told him to . (3)我母亲这星期来我们家住。 My mother this week.,stay up,stay out of trouble,is staying with us,(4)He has left out the most important reason why he last night. A.stayed up B.put up C
8、.picked up D.kept up,答案,解析,句意为：他遗漏了他昨晚熬夜的最重要的原因。stay up熬夜；put up张贴，支起；pick up捡起，接收，加速；keep up持续，保持。,no doubt无疑地；很可能 beyond/out of doubt毫无疑问地 without doubt无疑地 Theres no doubt that.毫无疑问,I have no doubt he will succeed. 我毫不怀疑他会成功。,归纳拓展,注意：(1)doubt作动词时： 在肯定句中接whether/if引导的宾语从句。 在否定句、疑问句中接that引导的宾语从句。 (2
9、)doubt作名词时： 在肯定句中接whether引导的同位语从句。 在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。,(1)No doubt，I have learned a lot from him. 无疑地，我从他身上学到了很多。 (2)He is，without doubt，the greatest golfer in Japan. 毫无疑问，他是日本最优秀的高尔夫球手。 (3)We all doubt whether/if John will come on time. 我们都怀疑约翰会不会准时来。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)He has some doubt (我是否会准时来). (2) (毫
10、无疑问) a cure for AIDS will be found someday.,whether I will come on time,There is no doubt that,(3)John will probably be late for the train，wont he? .Theres little time left. A.No way B.No wonder C.No problem D.No doubt,答案,解析,句意为：约翰可能赶不上这趟车了，是吗？毫无疑问，已经没剩多少时间了。no doubt意为“毫无疑问”。,come up with想出，提出(主意、答案
11、等)，该短语通常接a plan/a proposal/an idea等作宾语。 come up走近；出现；(太阳、月亮)升起 come to life活跃起来，恢复生气 come out出版；出来；露出；开花 come across偶然遇到,See how many positive and negative adjectives that describe personality you can come up with. 看一看你能够想出多少表示积极和消极的描绘个性的形容词。,归纳拓展,(1)He would always come up with a new idea for incre
12、asing sales. 他总能提出新的提高销售量的主意。 (2)The town came to life after sunrise. 日出之后，这个城镇恢复了生气。 (3)These animals only come out at night. 这些动物只在夜晚出来。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)用come短语的正确形式填空 The sky was dark blue when the moon . I an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. Your most recent book last year. The scie
13、ntists are beating their brains trying to a solution to the problem.,came up,came across,came out,come up with,(2)I cant go for a picnic with you because something urgent has . What a shame! A.come up B.cleared up C.stayed up D.ended up,答案,解析,句意为：因为有一些紧急事情发生，我不能和你一起去野餐了。 多么遗憾呀！come up上来，发生；clear up打
14、扫，天气放晴；stay up熬夜；end up(以)结束。,persuade vt.说服，劝说；使相信,Im so glad I have persuaded you to apologize to Rachel. 能成功地说服你向雷切尔道歉，我真是太高兴了。,归纳拓展,persuade sb.to do sth. persuade sb.into doing sth.,说服某人做某事,persuade sb.not to do sth. persuade sb.out of doing sth.,说服某人不做某事,persuade sb.that. persuade sb.of sth.,使
15、某人相信某事,注意：persuade，advise这两个词都有“劝说”的意思，不同的是：persuade表示“劝说并使之听从”；若只表示劝说的动作而不强调“使之服从”的结果，要用advise或try to persuade。,(1)I persuaded him to give up the attempt. 我说服了他放弃这次尝试。 (2)It will be difficult to persuade them that theres no other choice. 很难让他们相信别无选择。 (3)He made vain efforts to try to persuade his s
16、on. 他努力说服儿子，但枉费了一番口舌。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)用advise，persuade的正确形式填空 We him to give up smoking，but he was not . (2)Its not easy to _ (说服他不出国).,advised,persuaded,persuade him not to go abroad/out of going abroad,(3)His friends him to see a doctor，but he refused all of them. A.persuaded B.advised C.insisted D.s
17、uggested,答案,解析,advise sb.to do sth.try to persuade sb.to do sth.劝说某人做某事；insist和suggest后不能接sb.to do sth.。句意为：许多朋友劝他去看医生，但他都拒绝了。,(1)discourage vt.劝阻，阻止；使失去信心，使泄气 discourage (doing) sth.阻止(做)某事 discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 (2)discouraging adj.令人气馁的 (3)discouraged adj.气馁的 (4)encourage vt.鼓励,归纳拓展
18、,Mum discourages me from chatting online. 妈妈阻止我网聊。,(1)The difficult work discouraged Alan and he left school. 过难的功课使Alan失去了信心，他退学了。 (2)We discourage smoking in this school. 我们阻止在这所学校里吸烟。 (3)The Offshoring Act establishes tariffs to discourage companies from laying off their workers. 停止离岸法案通过设立关税来阻止公
19、司裁减员工。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)用discourage的正确形式填空 I think he felt because of the result. (2)我母亲是个中学老师，她劝我不要干这行。 My mother is a middle school teacher，and she _ entering the field.,discouraged,discouraging,discouraged me from,(3)It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.We ought to be focusi
20、ng on kids from smoking. A.discouraging B.inspiring C.persuading D.encouraging,答案,解析,句意为：吸烟有害健康，这是大家公认的。我们应把重点放在劝阻孩子们不要吸烟上。discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。根据题意，故选A。,He is not only polite，but also open-minded and humorous，so everyone likes him. 他不仅有礼貌，而且心胸宽广，也不失幽默，所以大家都很喜欢他。,经典句式,not only.but al
21、so.不仅而且 (1)用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。 (2)当not only.but also.连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。 (3)为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后接的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式(but also后面的分句不倒装)。 (4)also有时可以省略。,归纳拓展,(1)Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。 (2)We were not only hungry，but also tire
22、d. 我们不但饿了，而且也累了。 (3)His name is known not only in Japan，but in China. 他不仅在日本出名，而且在中国也出名。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)不仅那位老师，还有学生们都反对该项计划。the teacher the students against the plan. (2)他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水。they need clothing， they are also short of water.,Not only,but also,are,Not only do,but,(3)The computer was used in t
23、eaching.As a result，not only ，but students became more interested in the lessons. A.saved was teachers energy B.was teachers energy saved C.teachers energy was saved D.was saved teachers energy,答案,解析,句意为：计算机应用于教学。结果，不仅教师节省了精力，而且学生对课程更感兴趣了。not only.but also.放在句首作状语，句子要进行部分倒装。前一部分倒装，后一部分不倒装。,(1)本句是简单句
24、，would rather do.than do.宁可也不 (2)would rather宾语从句，表示“宁愿(某人)做某事”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，一般过去时表示对现在或将来动作的虚拟；过去完成时表示过去要做而实际没有做的动作。,You know I would rather visit the dentist than study algebra and arithmetic! 你知道我宁愿去看牙科医生也不愿去学代数和算术！,归纳拓展,(1)He would rather die than betray his friends. 他宁死也不出卖他的朋友们。 (2)We would rath
25、er rent the house than buy it outright. 我们宁可租这幢房子，也不愿直接买下它。 (3)I would rather you did it now. 我宁愿你现在就做这件事。,语境助记,题组训练,(1)我宁可死也不会向海伦道歉。 I to Helen.,would rather die than apologize,(2)Your aunt invites you to the movies today. I would rather she me tomorrow than today. A.tells B.told C.would tell D.had
26、 told,答案,解析,would rather (that) sb.did sth.(对现在或将来的虚拟)，由答语知此处是对将来情况的假设，故选B项。,当堂达标,.词形变换,1.He is a (gift) athlete. 2.He has a habit of making (humor) remarks，so we all like him. 3.The most (discourage) thing is to be misunderstood by others. 4.His chief (amuse) is reading novels. 5.He would rather st
27、ay poor than get money in a (honest) way.,gifted,humorous,discouraging,amusement,dishonest,6.我相信你是诚实的。 I that you are honest. 7.她最终说服他去了医院。 Finally she him going to the hospital. 8.他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。 His parents him an actor.,.完成句子,have no doubt,persuaded,into,tried to discourage,from being,9.工人们不仅想要涨工资
28、，还想要减少工时。the workers want to increase their pay， they also want to reduce working hours. 10.我宁愿你明天来。 I would rather tomorrow.,Not only do,but,you came,.单项填空,11. in the world China is a great country with a long history and rich history.(2017启东中学高二月考) A.There is no doubt；if B.It is no doubt；that C.Th
29、ere is no doubt；that D.It is no doubt；whether,答案,解析,本题考查doubt的用法。句型：There is no doubt that.毫无疑问。句意为：毫无疑问，中国是一个有着漫长和丰富历史的国家。所以本题选择C。,12.Frankly，Id rather you anything about it for the time being. A.do B.dont do C.didnt do D.will not do,答案,解析,would rather后的从句用虚拟语气；for the time being “目前，暂时”表示与现在相反的假设。
30、,13.Maybe you could be an inventormaybe even good enough to an idea for the next iPhone or new medicine for cancer. A.put up with B.keep up with C.catch up with D.come up with,答案,解析,put up with容忍；keep up with跟上；catch up with赶上；come up with想出，提出。句意为：也许你是一个发明家也许足够成功地开发出下一部苹果手机或者研制出治疗癌症的新药。所以选择D。,14.Th
31、e shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she couldnt answer her teachers questions.(2017盐城龙冈中学高二调研) A.amazed B.awkward C.curious D.amused,答案,解析,考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：这个害羞的女孩在回答不出老师的问题时感到尴尬。所以选择B。,15.Not only a school for his hometown that year，but a helping hand to the people in the earth-stricken area. A.he
32、built；he lent B.he built；did he lend C.did he build；did he lend D.did he build；he lent,答案,解析,句意为：那年他不仅为家乡建了一所学校，而且为地震灾区提供了帮助。not only位于句首时其后的句子用部分倒装，但but (also)后面的句子不倒装。,语法专题动词不定式与动名词,语法感知,语法精析,高考链接,语法感知,语法精析,动词不定式,动名词,1.Almost everyone wants (make) friends and develop friendships with others. 2.I w
33、as shocked (find) a piece of paper on my desk. 3.He accused me of some really bad things just (hurt) me. 4.Why not (come) to join us? 5.Its always fine (receive) a letter from a friend far away.,语法感知动词不定式,.用所给动词的正确形式填空,to make,to find,to hurt,come,to receive,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误),1.I have nothing to do b
34、ut to watch TV. 2.Youd better to tidy your room. 3.He was made work thirteen hours a day. 4.They were the last guests arrive. 5.We dont allow hunt in the reserve., to, to,hunting,语法精析动词不定式,动词不定式由“to动词原形”构成。这里的to是不定式标志，没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。,常见的形式如下表所示(以及物动词do为例)，不及物动词没有被动语态。,一、
35、不定式的时态和语态 1.一般式表示的动作，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。例如： He seems to know this. 他似乎知道这事。 I hope to see you again. I hope that Ill see you again. 我希望再见到你。,2.进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。例如： He seems to be eating something. 他好像正在吃什么东西。 3.完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如： Im sorry to have given you so much trou
36、ble. 很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。 He seems to have caught a cold. 他好像已经得了感冒。,4.完成进行式表示动作从过去开始延续至说话的时候。例如： She is known to have been working on the problem for many years. 我们知道她研究这问题有好几年了。,二、不定式的作用 1.作主语 Too see is to believe. 眼见为实。 不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。 Its so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 Its
37、 necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。,2.作宾语 大致上有两种情况： (1)有些及物动词用不定式作宾语，结构为“动词不定式”。例如： The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 (2)“疑问词不定式”结构可作介词的宾语。例如： Were talking about how to overcome the present difficulties. 我们正在讨论如何克服当前的困难。 She gave me
38、lots of valuable advice on how to lose weight. 她就如何减肥给我提出了许多好的建议。,3.作宾补 有些动词可以用不定式作补语。有这种用法的动词有：advise，allow，cause，challenge，command，drive(驱使)，enable，encourage，forbid，force，instruct，invite，like/love，order，permit，make，let，have，want，get，warn，persuade，request，send，tell，train，urge等。例如： Father will not a
39、llow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵们开火。,4.作表语 不定式可放在系动词后面作表语。例如： His dream is to be a doctor. 他的梦想是成为一名医生。 5.作定语 不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后面，往往表示未发生的动作。例如： Are you going to the conference to be held next week? 你准备参加下周举行的会议吗？,6.作状语 (1)作目的状语 常用结构为to do，only t
40、o do，in order to do，so as to do，so (such).as to.。例如： He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 I come here only to say goodbye to you. 我来仅仅是为了向你告别。,(2)作结果状语 表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子后面。 He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜查了房间，结果什么也没发现。 (3)表原因 She wept to see the sight. 她一看到这
41、情形就哭了。,(4)表理由和条件 He must be a fool to say so. 他那样说真是傻。 You will do well to speak more carefully. 如果你说话再小心一些，你将会做得很好。,注意：1.省去to的动词不定式 (1)情态动词(除ought外)后。 (2)使役动词let，have，make后；感官动词see，watch，look at，notice，observe，hear，listen to，smell，feel，find等后。但被动语态中不能省去to。例如： The boss made them work the whole night
42、. They were made to work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。 I saw him dance.He was seen to dance. 我看见他跳舞。,(3)would rather，had better句型后。 (4)Why./Why not.句型后。 (5)help后可带to，也可不带to。 (6)but和except后。but前有实义动词do时，后面出现的不定式不带to。 比较：He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。 He wants to believe anything but to take
43、 the medicine. 除了吃药，他什么都信。,(7)由and，or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to可以省去。 Id like to lie down and (to) go to sleep. 我想躺下睡觉了。 (8)通常在discover，imagine，suppose，find，consider等词后作宾补时，可以省去to be。例如： He is supposed (to be) nice. 他被认为是个好人。,2.to可以用作不定式的标志，也可用作介词。下面的to都用作介词： admit to object to be accustomed to be used to s
44、tick to turn to(开始) look forward to be devoted to pay attention to contribute to apologize to devote oneself to when it comes to,题组训练,完成句子 1.我发现和他一起工作很有意思。 I find . 2.在这种情形下，讲实话是最好的办法。is the best method in this situation. 3.他在寻找一间房间居住。 He is looking for a room .,it interesting to work with him,To te
45、ll the truth,to live in,4.那是解决这个问题的最好办法吗？ Is that the best way ? 5.汽车停下来以便接乘客。 The bus stopped .,to solve the problem,so as to pick up passengers,语法感知动名词,用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.He was praised for (do) a good deed. 2.We were all excited for (be) praised. 3.After (send) you that letter，I recollected how stupi
46、d I was. 4.It is a waste of time (persuade) such a person to join us. 5.Their (come) to help was a great encouragement to us. 6.I apologize for not (have) waited for you.,doing,being,sending,persuading,coming,having,7.Do you have any difficulty (in) (understand) spoken English? 8.It is no use/no good (cry) over spilt milk. 9. (climb) mountains is really fun. 10.Would you mind his (use) your computer?,