1、Unit 1 The world of our senses,基础自测,语法专题,内容索引,要点探究,当堂达标,Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage,基础自测,1._ vt.& vi.减少 2._ n.志愿者vi & vt.自愿做，义务做 3._ vi.& vt.(吸着气)嗅，闻 4._ vt.分析 5._ vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认_ n.认出；认识,.重点单词,reduce volunteersniff analyse recognize recognition,6._ n.谜，疑问vt.迷惑，使困惑_ adj.感到迷惑的_ ad
2、j.令人迷惑的 7._ vt.忽视；对不予理会 8._ vi.流汗n.汗水_ n.运动衫；毛线衫,puzzlepuzzled puzzling ignore sweatsweater,.重点短语,1._在某些情况下，有时候 2._挨饿 3._与有关 4._对好奇的 5._充分利用 6._而不是,in some cases go hungry be related to/be linked to be curious about make the most of rather than,7._回某地 8._冒雪行进 9._接近，靠近 10._突然,make ones way back to sp
3、. struggle through the snow get close toall of a sudden,.重点句式,Since _ strong smells can affect the senses，volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment. 因为人们认为强烈的气味会影响感觉，所以志愿者们被要求在实验开始前八个小时内不吃不喝。,1.It isdone that.,it is believed that,One explanation is that women
4、s sense of smell is better developed than _，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies. 种解释是女性的嗅觉比男性的发达，而且这和识别婴儿的体味有关系。,2.that指代“同类的单数或不可数名词”,that of men,要点探究,In some cases，different parts of speech (usually a noun and a verb) have the same spelling but different meanings. 在某些情况下，不同的词性(通常是名词和动
5、词)有相同的拼写但不同的含义。,重点词汇,in some cases在某些情况下，有时候 in any case无论如何，总之 in case在情况下，万一；免得，以防(万一) in case of在的情况下，万一 in the case of.关于，就而言 in this/that case假使这样/那样的话 in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒装) as is often the case (with.) 通常就是这样；是常有的事,归纳拓展,(1)In some cases standards have improved. 在某些情况下标准已经提高了。 (2)Larry told h
6、er that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck.(2016全国) Larry告诉她他已经把火扑灭，她应该待着不动以防伤着脖子。 (3)Please inform me in advance in case of any change. 万一有什么变化，请提前通知我。 (4)As is often the case with him，he was fined for speeding. 他因超速而被罚款，这对他而言是常有的事。,语境助记,(1)在任何情况下你都
7、不能离开岗位。 In no case your post.,题组训练,should you leave,(2)Honesty is generally considered the best policy you are stopped by the police at the accident spot.(2016邗江中学高一期中) A.in case B.even though C.so that D.only if,解析 句意为：在被警察拦在事故现场的情况下，诚实坦白是最好的策略。in case 在情况下，万一，免得，以防(万一)；even though尽管；so that为了，结果是；
8、only if只有，除非才。根据题意选A。,答案,解析,go hungry表示“挨饿”。go作连系动词，意为“变得”，后面多跟形容词作表语，指由好到坏的变化。其常用搭配有：go wrong/bad/mad/blind/deaf出毛病了/变坏/发疯/变瞎/变聋。,Poor people often have to go hungry because they cannot afford the increase. 穷人经常得挨饿，因为他们负担不起这种增长。,归纳拓展,(1)The washing machine has gone wrong. 洗衣机出毛病了。 (2)Food goes bad
9、easily in summer. 夏天食物容易变质。 (3)His face went red with anger. 他气得满脸通红。,语境助记,(1)你嫁给了他，要挨饿的。 If you marry him，youll .,题组训练,have to go hungry,(2)On hearing the news of the mine accident，she pale. A.got B.changed C.went D.appeared,解析 考查系表结构“goadj.”。句意为：一听到矿难的消息，她的脸色变得苍白。get和change不能与pale搭配来表达这一状态的变化，而app
10、ear是表示状态存在的系动词。所以答案为C。,答案,解析,reduce vt.& vi.减少，缩小(尺寸、数量、价格等) reduce.to.把减少到 reduce.by.减少，缩小(程度) be reduced to.沦落为；迫使,The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by new research. 好闻的气味会减弱疼痛的可能性在近期的新研究中得到了证实。,归纳拓展,(1)One of the most effective ways to reduce stres
11、s is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 减少压力最有效的方法之一，是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。 (2)She reduced her weight by 6 kilos to 30 kilos. 她把体重减到了30公斤，减轻了6公斤。 (3)For some time he was reduced to begging. 有一段时间他沦落到了乞讨的地步。,语境助记,(1)用适当的介词填空 It is proper that housing price is reduced 10%. They were reduced extreme
12、 poverty.,题组训练,by,to,(2)The population of this city，forty percent of which ， 15% in the last three years. A.are Germans；has risen by B.are Germen；has fallen by C.is German；have increased to D.is Germans；has been reduced by,解析 population常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式；当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。G
13、erman的复数形式为Germans。reduce，rise等词后跟by表示变化幅度，后跟to表示达到的程度。故选A项。,答案,解析,(3)The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into the streets. Yes.But Im sure something must be done to air pollution. A.reduce B.remove C.collect D.increase,解析 句意为：汽车将大量废气排到街道上。是啊。但是我相信，必定要采取某些措施来减少空气污染。reduce减少，降低；remove搬动，移除；co
14、llect收集，搜集；increase增加，提高。结合句意可知A项正确。,答案,解析,(1)volunteer n.志愿者；vt.& vi.自愿做，义务做 volunteer sth.自愿提供，自愿给予 volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 volunteer for自愿参加 volunteer as/to be自愿成为 (2)voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的，主动的,.，volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment. ，志愿者们被要求在试验开始前八个
15、小时内不吃不喝。,归纳拓展,(1)She volunteered some information. 她主动提供了一些信息。 (2)Two men volunteered to search for the missing climber. 两个人自告奋勇去寻找那位失踪的登山者。 (3)When she retired，she did a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross. 她退休后为红十字会做了大量的志愿工作。,语境助记,(1)用适当的介词填空 He volunteered a teacher in Tibet. Why do you want
16、to volunteer our organization? (2)他自愿服务充当司机。 He volunteered .,题组训练,as,for,to serve as a driver,One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better developed than that of men，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies. 一种解释是女性的嗅觉比男性的发达，而且这和识别婴儿的体味有关系。,(1)recognize vt.认识；辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认 recog
17、nize.as/to be.承认/公认是 recognize that.认识到/承认 It is (generally) recognized that.人们公认 (2)recognition n.认出；认识 beyond recognition认不出来,归纳拓展,(1)I found it honored that he still recognized me after all these years. 过了这么多年他还认得我，使我觉得荣幸。 (2)We recognized that Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale.(2016江苏) 我们认识到
18、库尔特不仅仅是在做销售。 (3)It is recognized that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us. Jane is recognized as/to be the most intelligent girl among us. Jane是我们当中公认的最聪明的女孩。,语境助记,(1)Oh，its you.I you.Why are you looking so thin and pale? I have been ill for weeks and still under treatment. (2017清江中学高一月考) A.c
19、ant recognize B.didnt recognize C.havent recognized D.wasnt recognizing,答案,解析,题组训练,解析 句意为：是你呀，我都没认出来你，你怎么看起来这么瘦，脸色这么苍白？我病了好几周，现在还在治疗中。从its you这句中的谓语动词is，可以知道：“我现在已经认出你来了，但刚才却几乎没有认出你来”，故答案选过去时。recognize，realize，know，understand等表示心理的动词一般不用进行时态，故D项过去进行时不符合题意。 故选B。,(2)When he returned to his hometown af
20、ter the war，he found it had changed beyond all .(2017启东中学高一月考) A.recognition B.recreation C.decoration D.construction,答案,解析,解析 句意为：战争之后当他回到家乡的时候，他发现家乡变得让他认不出来了。beyond recognition认不出来。故选A。,However，why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men remains a puzzle for scientists. 然而，为什么悦人的气味不能减少男人的疼痛对科学家们
21、来说还是个谜。,(1)puzzle n.难题，难解之事；vt.迷惑，使困惑 be in a puzzle感到困惑 puzzle out仔细思考，设法想出答案 puzzle about/over sth.对某事苦苦思索 (2)puzzled adj.感到困惑的 (3)puzzling adj.令人感到困惑的,归纳拓展,(1)Her decision was a puzzle to him. 她的决定对他来说是个谜。 (2)What puzzles me is why he left home without telling anyone. 令我困惑的是他为什么没告诉任何人就离家出走了。 (3)T
22、he firemen were in a puzzle about the cause of the fire. 消防队员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。 (4)I have never been able to puzzle her out. 我一直对她捉摸不透。,语境助记,(1)我看见他正在苦苦思索一道数学题。 I saw him a math problem.,题组训练,puzzling over/about,(2)When we speak English today，we sometimes feel about which words or phrases to use. A.puzzl
23、ed B.anxious C.grateful D.ignorant,答案,解析,解析 句意为：当我们今天说英语时，我们有时会感到困惑，不知该用什么词或短语。puzzled感到困惑的；anxious焦虑的，渴望的；grateful感谢的；ignorant无知的，愚昧的。根据题意选A。,(3)She had a look on her face because of the problem. A.puzzled；puzzled B.puzzling；puzzling C.puzzled；puzzling D.puzzling；puzzled,答案,解析,解析 句意为：因为这个令人困惑的问题她一脸
24、困惑。a puzzled look 困惑的表情；puzzling problem 令人困惑的问题。,Scientists observe that making the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life. 科学家们注意到，我们年轻的时候充分利用我们的感觉会使我们在以后的生活中保持健康。,make the most of最大限度地利用，充分利用 make use of利用 make full/good use of充分/好好利用 make better use of更好地利用 mak
25、e the best of最大限度地利用,归纳拓展,(1)We should make the most of the opportunity. 我们应充分利用这一机遇。 (2)We must make good use of our spare time. 我们必须用好我们的业余时间。 (3)We could make better use of our resources. 我们可以更有效地利用我们的资源。,语境助记,(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 The boss insisted that every minute (make) full use of (do) the work wel
26、l.,题组训练,(should) be made,to do,(2)Would you mind giving me advice on how to do my new job well? If you make most of the time，there will be rise in your work efficiency. A./；/ B./；a C.the；a D.the；/,答案,解析,解析 make the most of充分利用，固定搭配；句中rise为可数名词，指“水平的增加，提高”。,It is added that while our sense of sight i
27、s used too much，our senses of touch and smell have been ignored. 它(研究报告)补充说我们的视觉用得太多，而我们的触觉和嗅觉被忽略了。,(1)ignore vt.忽视；对不予理会 (2)ignorance n.忽视 be in ignorance of sth.不知某事；对某事不了解 (3)ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事 be ignorant that.不知道,归纳拓展,(1)He ignored all the “No Smoking” signs and
28、 lit up a cigarette. 他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的标牌，并且还点了根烟。 (2)We are in complete ignorance of your plans. 我们对你的计划一无所知。,语境助记,(1)用ignore的适当形式填空 He is in of his serious illness，so he the doctors advice；that is to say，he is that he is in danger now.,题组训练,ignorance,ignores,ignorant,(2)Some of the members demanded to k
29、now why they had been kept the true facts until they reached the present critical stage. A.in ignorance of B.in the light of C.in honor of D.in view of,答案,解析,解析 句意为：有些成员要求了解为什么他们对事实的真相毫不知情，直到他们处于目前危险的境地。in ignorance of对无知，符合句意。,经典句式,One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better developed t
30、han that of men，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies. 一种解释是女性的嗅觉比男性的发达，而且这和识别婴儿的体味有关系。,(1)本句是复合句，主语为one explanation，that womens.babies是表语从句，在表语从句中，is better developed与is linked to并列作谓语。 (2)that of men中的that为指示代词，代指前面提到的sense。that代指前文提到的名词时，表示同一类，但未必是同一个。,归纳拓展,it，one，that (1)it相当于“the (th
31、at，this)名词”，特指上文已经出现的人或物，用以指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，即指代同名同物。 (2)one相当于“a名词”，泛指前面提到过的同类事物中的不同的另一个，用于指代单数可数名词，即指代同名异物。前面可有定语，也可没有。 (3)that相当于“the名词”，特指上文中已出现的单数或不可数名词，以避免重复，that指代的名词与前面的名词属于同一类，但不属于同一个。一般情况下，其后都有定语。,易混辨析,(1)The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Tianjin. 上海的人口比天津的人口多。 (2)Can you see
32、the book？It is on the desk. 你看见那本书了吗？它在桌子上。 (3)We have been looking at the houses，but havent found one we like yet. 我们一直在看房子，但还没有找到一套我们喜欢的。,语境助记,(1)用it，one，that填空 The water in the glass is hotter than in the cup. A chair made of steel is stronger than made of wood. There is still a copy of the book
33、in the library.Will you go and borrow _? No，Id rather buy in the bookstore.,题组训练,that,one,it,one,(2)I cant find my raincoat.I hung it behind the door. I saw Peter going away with ，but Im not sure whether its yours.(2016淮安淮阴区高一期中) A.one B.that C.it D.some,解析 考查代词。句意为：我找不到我的雨衣了，我把它挂在门后面了。我看见彼得拿着一个走的，但
34、我不确定是否是你的。这里填的代词是泛指a raincoat，one是泛指前面的同类事物中的不同的另一个，用于代指可数名词单数。故选A。,答案,解析,当堂达标,.单词拼写 1.Though I hadnt seen Peter for about twenty years，I him the moment I saw him. 2. (志愿者工作) gives you a chance to change lives，including your own. 3.Eating this kind of fruit often (减少) the risks of heart disease. 4.W
35、hy he left the company without telling anyone is still a to us. 5.I said hello to her，but she me completely!,recognized,Volunteering,reduces,puzzle,ignored,.选词填空 rather than；make the most of；be linked to；leave out；all of a sudden 6.The teacher suggested to us that we time to study English well. 7.Yo
36、uve made a mistakeyouve the letter “t”. 8.It is obvious that lung diseases smoking. 9.We must set aside some money for a rainy day run out of our income immediately. 10.Because the writer fell ill ，the novel to be published by the end of next month was put off.,make the most of,left out,are linked t
37、o,rather than,all of a sudden,.完成句子 11.她在看电视时睡着了。 She fell asleep . 12.我必须找个人说说心里话，不然，我会发疯的。 I must bare my heart to someone，or I . 13.是你而不是我适合这项工作。 You fit for the job. 14.你决不应该放弃。 In no case . 15.光速比音速要快。 The speed of light is faster .,while (she was) watching TV,shall go mad,rather than I are,sho
38、uld you give up,than that of sound,.单项填空 16.When asked what they would volunteer to do， said they were willing to do something they could.(2017南菁高级中学高一检测) A.half of these B.half of which C.half of them D.half of whom,解析 考查状语从句与定语从句的区别。句意为：当被问及他们自愿做什么时，一半的人说他们愿意做些力所能及的事情。由题干可知，题中when作为连词，后接状语从句的省略形式，
39、故逗号后缺少主句的“主语”，由此排除选项B和D。 故选C。,答案,解析,17.Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head，but I tried to the pain，believing that it would go away sooner or later.(2014浙江，7) A.share B.realize C.ignore D.cause,解析 考查动词词义辨析。句意为：上周一个网球打中了我的头，但是我尽力忽视疼痛，相信它迟早会消失的。share分享；realize意识到；ignore忽视，忽略；cause引起，造成。故选C。,答案,解
40、析,18.When Madam Curie did the experiment again，she was more careful she had failed.(2017徐州一中高一阶段检测) A.when B.in case C.if D.where,解析 句意为：居里夫人再做实验时，她对失败过的地方更加小心。where引导地点状语从句。故选D。,答案,解析,19.Anything else please? I have a message needing to be confirmed， that will probably change my life.(2016扬州中学高一期中)
41、 A.that B.one C.it D.this,解析 句意为：还有其他事吗？我有一消息需要核实，一个可能会改变我一生 的消息。one替代前面的a message，是a message的同位语，后接that引导的定语从句。故选B。,答案,解析,20.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins，the city took on a new look. A.reducing B.being reduced C.reduced D.having reduced,解析 考查非谓语动词。reduce sth.to rui
42、ns把变为废墟。after为介词，后跟动词-ing形式作宾语，且reduce与逻辑主语the city存在动宾关系，故用现在分词的被动形式。,答案,解析,语法专题,用适当的连接词填空 1.I dont know Mr Black put his bag the day before yesterday. 2. he has won the prize is true. 3. she was really interested in was playing computer games. 4.Word came the winner of the games would get 10,000 d
43、ollars. 5.Would you please tell us Todd was absent?,名词性从句,where,That,What,that,why,名词性从句在句子中起名词的作用，可作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语，分别称作：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。学习名词性从句应注意其引导词的用法与区别以及名词性从句与其他从句的区别等。,一、名词性从句的引导词,1.主语从句 在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。 That the football match will be put off is certain now. 足球赛将会推迟一事现在已经确定。 Whoever b
44、reaks this law deserves a fine. 违反该法者应予以罚款。,注意：(1)主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式，但主语从句的主语只限定从句中的谓语动词，与主句的谓语动词无关。 (2)有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句，而把主语从句置于句末。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所接受，这是不争的事实。 It is unknown to us all where life developed. 我们不知道生命起源于
45、何处。,2.宾语从句 在复合句中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 I believe (that) the Chinese Womens Volleyball Team will win in the World Cup this year. 我相信中国女子排球队将赢得今年的世界杯。 I wonder when he will come to school. 我想知道他什么时候来学校。 I dont know if/whether he has ever been to Paris. 我不知道他是否去过巴黎。,3.表语从句 在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的连接词与引导主语从句
46、和宾语从句的连接词大体相同，有时也用as if引导；表语从句位于系动词之后。 The problem is who can get there to take the place of Ben. 问题是谁能到那儿接替本的位置。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来像是要下雨了。,4.同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句用来对其前面的名词的具体内容进行解释说明。 同位语从句一般跟在下列名词后：belief，doubt，fact，hope，idea，message，news，promise，suggestion，report，thought等。 The fact that his suggestion makes sense should be recognized. 他的建议是有意义的，这一事实需要得到认可。,