1、Unit 4 Exploring plantsPart 2 Teaching Resources 第二部分 教学资源Section 2 Notes to difficult sentences from Unit 4 Exploring plants1 Collecting “exotic” plants，as they are called，dates back to the earliest times收集 “异国”植物，人们这样称呼他们，可以追溯到远古时期。句中as they are called是非限制性定语从句， as是关系代词，起连接作用，同时作从句中的主语补语。请看关系代词as的
2、其它例句： I received the same grade as you did. Those as want to can come with me. I received the same grade as you did. Those as want to can come with me.2 However，it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration ofthe botanical world began on a large scale然而，直到十八、十九世纪植物学世界
3、的探险活动才开始大规模进行。句中it was not untilthat意思是：在.以前一直(不.),.以后才。例如： It was not until he was thirty that he started to paint. 他直到三十岁才开始绘画。3 Large numbers of seeds failed to grow after long sea voyages or trips across land between Asia and Europe. 大量的种子在跨越亚洲和欧洲之后没能成功地生长。句中large number of 量词用法，它是放在名词前面并修饰名词的字。
4、它们告诉我们多少(how many or how much)。例如：many trees， a few trees， few trees， several trees， a couple of trees， none of the trees。 下列量词用于不可数名词： not much dancing， a little dancing， little dancing， a bit of dancing，a good deal of dancing， a great deal of dancing， no dancing。 列量词用于可数名词和不可数名词：all of the trees/d
5、ancing， some trees/dancing，most of the trees/dancing， enough trees/dancing， a lot of trees/dancing， lots of trees/dancing，plenty of trees/dancing， a lack of trees/dancing4 Ward shipped two cases of British plants to Sydney，Australia沃得把英国植物装船运送到澳洲悉尼。句中的shipped原来是名词，转化为动词了。 相当多名词可以用作动词。例如：Have you boo
6、ked your ticket? 你的票订好了吗？ Who chaired the meeting? 谁主持会议？ He pinned great hopes on us. 他对我们寄托了很大希望。 It can seat a thousand people. 它能坐一千人。We have mapped out plans for their utilization. 我们制定了使用它们的计划。 It pictures the life of overseas Chinese students. 它描绘海外中国留学生的生活。 He hurriedly pencilled the time on
7、 it. 他匆忙 （用铅笔）在上面写下了时间。 By noon he had bagged three hares. 到中午时他已捕获了三只野兔。 The machine bottles 15000 jars of cold cream a day. 这台机器一天能装一万五千瓶冷霜。 The money was all pocked by corrupt officials. 这钱都进了腐败官吏的腰包。 He hammered a nail into the wall. 他在墙上钉了一只钉子。 5 He made several trips to China between 1843 and
8、1859. 他在 1843 和 1859年之间到中国进行了几次旅行。由make加名词构成的短语动词还有：make, laws, friends, research, much progress, great effort, some tea, some noise, contribution, war, peace, model ships, money, love, faces, clothes, profit, some trouble, sense, difference, haste, room, ones way, dinner, fun, preparations6 Not only did Fortune introduce over 120 species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped 20,000 tea plants from Shanghai to India，where a successful tea industry was established福钦不仅将 120 种植物引入西方花园，而且从上海装船运送 20，000 株茶树到印度，在那里成功创立了茶叶行业。Not only 置于句首，其句子要部分倒装。