1、Language styles,Unit 4,Grammar and usage,Objectives,To learn the differences between spoken and written formsTo know the differences between formal and informal stylesTo practise what youve learned by finishing two exercises,What is formal style and what is informal style? Read the two texts and dec
2、ide which is formal and which is informal.,Language styles,Text 1,A: Hi, Mike. Its Alices birthday tomorrow. Shall we buy her a present?,B: Yes, of course, what about some flowers?,A: Flowers are lovely. But Id prefer to get her a CD. You know she loves music.,B: Good idea.,Text 2,A: Good morning, M
3、r Smith. The report is finished. Shall I present it to you?,B: Please give it to me in an hour. I am now in a meeting with some customers about our new product.,A: I am sorry to have interrupted you. Please inform me when you are finished and have time to look at the report.,B: Yes, I will.,use simp
4、le sentence structures; the active voice; less formal language and contractions,use the passive voice; a formal setting,Text 1,Text 2,Informal style,Formal style,People use different language styles in different situations.,Complex sentence structures, including the passive voice and subordinate cla
5、uses, as well as abstract nouns are often found in the formal style of English.,Read Part 1 on Page 56, and find some features about formal style.,Simple sentence structures and active voice are often used in the informal style. A lot of colloquial language and contractions are found as well.,Read P
6、art 2 on Page 56, and find some features about informal style.,A. a telephone conversation with a friend B. a telephone call to a teacher C. an e-mail to a penfriend D. a presentation to the class E. a job interview F. a scientific report G. the entertainment section of a newspaper H. an application
7、 letter for a job I. a note to your mum J. a chat with your next door neighbour,Sort the following situations into spoken and written language:,B D E,A J,F H,C I G,Rank the following sentences in order of formality, (1) being the most formal and (6) the least formal.,Hey, youshut the door! Would you
8、 be so kind as to shut the door, please? Visitors are requested to shut the door quietly when leaving the building. By order of the headmaster, these doors must be kept shut at all times. Please shut the door. Would you mind shutting the door?,(6),(3),(1),(2),(5),(4),Be quiet. Could I trouble you to
9、 turn down the radio a little, please? Visitors are politely requested to keep their voices down at all times. Shut up! Silence is requested in this area while the examinations are being given. Please stop talking!,(5),(3),(1),(6),(2),(4),I: Which is formal and which is informal?,Text 1: Good mornin
10、g, viewers, and welcome to Sunday Topics. Many crimes that take place in our city are caused by a lack of money. My guest, Dr Johnson, believes so. We will be covering this and many other topics, as well as talking to you about your thoughts on the issues of today. I hope that you are going to stay
11、with us for the next forty minutes.,Text 2: Hi, everyone, and glad to see you again in Sunday Topic. Dr Johnson is my guest, and he thinks many crimes taking place in our city are caused by a lack of money. Well look at this and other interesting topics as well as chatting to you about todays issues
12、. I think youll like it, so stay with us.,Text 1: Formal style. Sentences with passive voice, subordinate clauses and abstract nouns.,Text 2: Informal style. Colloquial language and contractions, as well as simple sentences and the active voice.,II. 请将下面一段非正式用语转换成正式用语。 I always hate going back to sc
13、hool after a holiday break. I am not sure why. I am anxious to see my friends, I dont have any overdue homework, but I still get that funny feeling at the bottom of my stomach. Has something changed? Do all my friends still feel the same way? Everyone will wear something new, I am sure of that.,I am
14、 not sure about why I always hate going back to school after a holiday break. Although I am anxious to see my friends and I do not have any overdue homework, I still have the funny feeling at the bottom of my stomach. Has something changed or do all my friends still feel the same way? I am sure of t
15、hat everyone will wear something new.,Answer,III.请将下面一段正式用语转换成非正式用语。 Even if using skin lightening products means they may face health risks, more and more people who have dark skin are using it. They believe that if they have whiter skin, they will improve their lives. Many people suppose they will
16、 have a better chance of getting a job or marrying into a superior family. Or they want to look like what their society generally considers beautiful.,Answer,More and more people with dark skin are using skin lightening products, even if it means they may face health risks. They think they will make
17、 their lives better with whiter skin. Many people think it will be easier to get a job or theyll marry into a better family. Or they want to be generally considered beautiful by their society.,Preview,To preview Task on Page 58:Skills building 1: identifying the tone of voiceSkills building 2: asking and answering questions politelySkills building 3: writing a report,Homework,Read the points on Page 56 again, and then do the exercises on Page 123.,