1、Check the answers to Ex. 1 on page 36,the questionnaire alongside The scientists were evaluating the experiment made my way has potential appointed equipment diagram,Check the answers to Ex. 2 on page 36,volcano, erupt, ash, lava, eruption, fountain, waves, absolute, burned to the ground,1. European
2、 football is played in 80 countries, _ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. 2. Not _ (receive) a reply, he decided to write again.,分词作状语,making,having received,pointing,tied,3. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here. 4. “C
3、ant you read?” Mary said angrily _ (point) to the notice. 5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ (tie) behind his back.,adding,-ing分词做状语：-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 -ing分词短语作时间状语，有时可由连词when, while引出。如：Be careful while/when crossing the road.当看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。 Seeing those pictures,
4、 she remembered her childhood. =When she saw ,-ing分词短语作原因状语， Not knowing his address, I cant send this book to him. Because I dont know his address, 因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。 Many of us, being so excited, couldnt go to sleep that night.,ing分词短语作结果状语。如： His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 她非常生气，把玩
5、具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。 She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.,-ing分词作伴随状语，可放于句首或句中。表示主语的另一个伴随的动作。如： 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. = They stood there for half an hour and watch the stars in the sky. 年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢
6、慢地走起来。 Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.,-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语 如果你站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。Standing at the foot of a high mountain，you will find himself very small. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. =Although they knew all this , they made m
7、e pay for the damage.,注: (1) 分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致。V-ing表主动或进行,-ed 表完成或被动,_ (look)out of the window, we can see a big tree. _ (see)from the window, a big tree can be seen.,Looking,Seen,(2)Ving 所表示的动作与谓语表示的动作几乎同时发生。如果分词表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前，则用动词Ving 形式的完成式（ having done）eg. Writing the letter, he left ou
8、t something important.( while/when he was writing the letter)Having written the letter, he read it carefully.(After he had written the letter),(3) 否定式not的位置 (在分词的最前面加not) Not knowing her address,we could not get in touch with her. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to
9、them.,“with/without+n.+-ing”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如： 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。 His hair became grey with the years passing. 因为期末考试快到了，他感到很紧张。 With final-exams coming, he feels very nervous.,英语中习惯接-ing分词作宾语的常见动词： 避免 错过 少延期 avoid miss put off/postpone 建议 完成 多练习 suggest finish practise 喜欢 想象 禁不住 enjoy imagine
10、 can help 承认 否定 与嫉妒 admit deny envy 逃避 冒险 莫原谅 escape risk excuse 忍受 保持 不介意 stand keep mind、,常见的带介词to的短语，后接-ing或名词。 admit to承认 contribute to捐助、贡献 get down to着手做 give way to让位于 keep to 坚持、遵守 lead to 导致 look forward to期待 turn to 求助于 stick to坚持 be equal to 胜任的、等于 point to指向、表明 see to 注意、处理 be used to 习惯
11、于 devote oneself to 献身于 be familiar to 为熟悉,一些固定的-ing分词短语，如 generally speaking（一般来说）, judging from（根据来判断）, considering（考虑到）, talking of（谈到，提到）等等,从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。 Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 考虑到他是如此可爱，我们决定让他免费听音乐会。 Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the con
12、cert for free.,Practice,Choose the best answer: 1. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, _ (invit) him to the party. 2. _ (finish) all my letters, I had a drink and went out. 3. _ (ask) who she was,she said she was Mr.Johnsons friend.,inviting,Having finished,Asked,4. It _ (be) Sunday,the stu
13、dents are at home. 5. _ (write) carelessly, your composition is full of mistakes. 6. _ (fail) several times, the young scientist still kept on making his experiments.,being,Written,Having failed,7. The food _ (cook) at the moment is for the dinner party. 8. _ (lost) his key, he couldnt enter the roo
14、m. 9. Why do you stand and watch the milk _ (boil) over? -Oh, sorry. I was thinking of _ (take) to the zoo.,being cooked,Having lost,being taken,boiling,10. Climbing mountains was _ (tire), so we all felt _ (tire). 11. The _ (follow) morning, the father came into the lonely house , _ (follow) by his
15、 naughty boy .,tiring,tired,following,followed,25. Mrs White was glad to see the nurse _ (look) after her son and her daughter and was also pleased to see children well _ (take) care of in the nursery. 29. _ (tell) many times but he still could not understand it.,looking,taken,Told,Answer key for Ex
16、ercise 1:,Discovering useful structures,Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early. Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am stil
17、l amazed,Page 37,Answer key for Exercise 2:,Having taken Having given Having bought Having spent Having arrived,Rewrite the sentences using the present or the perfect ing form of the underlined verbs. Because I had experienced earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened.As I came out of my house, I saw t
18、he volcano erupting.,Having experienced earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened.,Coming out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting.,Answer key for Exercise 3:,When she woke up in the middle of the night she saw her room was as light as day.After we had stopped the car, we found ourselves trapped in
19、thick fog and couldnt see clearly ahead.,Waking up in the middle of the night, she saw her room was as bright as day.,Having stopped the car, we found ourselves trapped in thick fog and couldnt see clearly ahead.,Because I had spent all night reading the documents, I was very tired the next day.As t
20、he child had never seen a rainbow before, she was very excited.,Having spent all night reading the documents, I was very tired the next day.,Having never seen a rainbow before as a child, he was very excited.,Answer key for Exercise 4:,Having arrived, Standing (there), Having taken, Having tested, Having heard,