1、Unit 2The environment,Reading,Objectives,To understand the two experts opinions about development or environment, and form your own idea To learn to read a debate To master the words and phrases in this reading material,Words: consultant, debate, recycle, greedy operate, belief, credit, willing resp
2、onsibility, environment, raw Expressions: open the floor, cut back on, ask around large amount/numbers of, result in,Focus on,Read the explanation and speak out the word it explains.,someone who advises people on a particular subject a serious discussion of a subject in which many people take part;
3、to discuss a subject in a formal way(esp. of liquids, gases, or electricity) to move in one directionsomething you have to do because it is part of your job or that you feel is the right thing to do,n. 顾问,n. 争论,n. 责任;义务;本分,vi .& n. 流；流动,consultant,debate,duty,flow,the process of making or growing go
4、ods to be sold; the amount of something that is made or grown by a country or a company to collect and treat rubbish in order to produce useful materials which can be used againa tube inside which liquid or gas flows from one place to another,v. 回收利用,n. 产量，生产,n. 管子管道,recycle,production,pipe,wanting
5、a lot more food, money etc. than you needa man who works in business, especially one who has a high position in a company something that it is your job or duty to deal withthe feeling of being certain that something exists or is true; something that you believe,adj. 贪婪的,n. 责任,business,n. 商界人员，企业家,gr
6、eedy,responsibility,n. 看法，信念,belief,to (cause to) work, be in action or have an effectpraise, approval, or honour the amount or number of sth, esp that can be measured or is fixednot processed, in a natural state,n. 数量,adj. 原始的;未经加工或处理的,v. 经营;动手术,operate,quantity,raw,n. 赞扬，称赞，认可，信用，信誉，学分,credit,mone
7、y paid to the government, which is based on your income or the cost of goods or services you have boughtto be happy to do something, if it is neededa piece of equipment that is used to cause liquid, air, or gas to move from one place to another,n. 税,adj. 愿意的;乐意的,tax,willing,n. 泵，抽水机，打气筒,pump,Match,o
8、pen the floor cut back on raw material use up run out (of),用完，耗尽 用尽 自由发言 原材料 减少，消减，缩减,The economy or the environment must be choose?,人 类 的 窘 境,这是一个美丽的地球！,(1) What can you see in the pictures? (2) What are the causes of them? (3) How to solve these problems?,注意：“地球”只有一个，一旦删除，无法挽回，确定要删除“地球”吗？！,What is
9、 a debate?,a contest, or, perhaps, like a game, where two or more speakers present their arguments in order to persuade others,an argument or discussion on a subject that people have different opinions about,Have you ever seen a debate or even taken part in a debate? Do you know something about deba
10、tes?,How to read a debate?,Make a judgment till you have read or listened to both sides.,Make a final decision till you have understood all the arguments made by each side.,The economy,or the environment ,must we choose?,Reading,Skimming for general ideas,Skimming,Reading Comprehension I,1. How many
11、 people participate in the debate? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.,Scanning for specific information,Reading Comprehension II,1. What sides do Ms Lin Shuiqing and Mr. Qian Liwei represent?Ms Lin represents the environment and Mr Qian represents the economy. 2. By how many times has the worlds pop
12、ulation increased since 1800?Six times. 3. According to Mr Qian Liwei, what should be done to factories that pollute the environment?They should have to pay higher taxes.,Scanning,1. What society does Lin Shuiqing belong to?She belongs to the Green Society. 2. What does Lin Shuiqing talk about to st
13、art her speech?She starts her speech by talking about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.,Reading Comprehension III,3. What is happening to large numbers of fish?They are being caught by fishing boats before they can lay eggs. 4. What does Lin Shuiqing think we should teac
14、h people about?She thinks we should teach people ways of living that dont harm the environment. 5. In Qian Liweis opinion, what belief do people often have?People often have the belief that development is bad for the environment.,6. Why does Qian Liwei think production should not be reduced?Because
15、jobs will be lost. People are more important than fish and trees. 7. What does Qian Liwei say we need?He says we need better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow. 8. What are many people willing to do according to Qian Liwei?People are willing to pay a little higher p
16、rices for things that are friendly to the environment.,Cut back on production because industry produces waste, pollutes the environment.,A healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time.,Scanning,Reading Comprehension IV,More people need more land to live on and more fo
17、od to eat.,People are more important than fish and trees.,Produce more things from recycling materials.,Expend our recycling industry., Cut back on production, recycle rubbish, teach people about environ- mentally friendly ways of living, recycle rubbish, effective laws, control how many trees are c
18、ut down and how many fish boats can catch heavy taxes on the factories producing pollution.,Post-reading activities:,Ask students to role-play the debate. In order to have more students participate in the activity, divide students into six groups. Three groups should represent Lin Shuiqing and the o
19、ther three groups should represent Qian Liwei.Ask students to work in pairs to complete Part F to practise their spoken English.,Discuss the question in groups.,Group Work,Do you think it is possible to achieve a balance between the economy and the environment? How can this be achieved?,Educate peop
20、le to respect and protect the environment. 2.Urge factories that produce large amounts of waste to build a system to purify the waste and minimize the damage to the environment.,3.Urge the government to pass stricter laws to protect the environment. 4.Create a system to deal with the waste and rubbi
21、sh scientifically.,Possible solutions,Language points,Then we will open the floor for discussion. the floor 全体与会者；发言权 open the floor 自由发言 take the floor 开始发言 have the floor 有发言权 eg. Are there any questions from the floor?与会者有问题吗？The president then took the floor and answered the journalists question
22、s.随后总统讲话并回答了记者的问题。,请将下列句子翻译成英语。 我们将接受与会者的任何提问。 We will now take any questions from the floor.,practice,2. If you have any questions or commentscomment n. C or U sth. that you say or write that expresses your opinion,我不希望听到关于我新剪的发型的任何评论，谢谢！,I dont want any comments on/about my new haircut, thank you!
23、,She was asked about the pay increase but made no comment.,她被问及工资上涨的问题，但未发表任何观点。,评论，观点,v. I or T to make a comment: comment on/ that clause,妈妈总是对我的穿着品头论足。,My mum always comments on what Im wearing.,他评价说那两篇文章非常相似。,He commented that the two essays were rather similar.,请将下列句子翻译成英语。 无可奉告！ No comment! 我觉
24、得我无法对他们的决定做出评论。 I dont feel I can comment on their decision.,practice,3. First, I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. 句中划线句子是定语从句，修饰先行词the way。修饰way的定语从句可以用关系代词that或in which引导，也可以将that或in which省略。 eg. To my surprise, the young girl laughs the
25、same way (that/in which) her mother did at her age.,practice,高考链接,Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. (2012湖南) A. what B. in what C. which D. in which,4.The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到那时的六
26、倍多。,Pay attention to the following patterns: times + as + adj./adv. + as + times + the comparative degree of adj./adv. + than + times + the + n. (width, size, length, breadth, level, value, velocity) of +,亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。, Asia is four times as large as Europe. Asia is four times larger than Europe. Asia
27、is four times the size of Europe.,这座新楼是那座旧楼的三倍高。, The new building is three times as high as the old one. The new building is three times higher than the old one. The new building is three times the height of the old one.,Note:倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但 要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法; 2. 两倍要用twice或double，不用two times。三倍常用thre
28、e times，也可用thrice; 3. 除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数倍，几倍多或不到几倍等。如：六倍多(more than/over six times)，一半(half)，三分之一 (one third)，百分之六十(60%)等;,4. 在 the + n. + of 结构中： 要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词 有size/height/length/weight等。 the + n. + of 可转换成 ones + n. 或名 词性从句。如：the height of Mary = Marys height。,practice,请将下列句子翻译成英语。 1. 这条路是那条路的三倍
29、长。This road is three times as long as that one. 2. 这条路比那条路的长三倍。This road is three times longer than that one. 3. 这条路三倍于那条路的长度。This road is three times the length of that one.,5. It is our duty to try to cut back on production cut back/down on sth. to do less of sth. or use sth. in smaller amounts 减少
30、，缩减，削减,The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. 2) Im trying to cut down on caffeine.,I was just talking to Jane, when Dave cut in (on us/our conversation). 2) If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. 3) She cut out his p
31、icture from the magazine. 4) Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow.,1. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 2. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson _. A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cu
32、t up,高考链接,practice,请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 The teams have to _ _ (减少他们的训练) because the ground is so hard.,training,practice,cut back on their,6. the amount of rubbish (P22)the amount of pollution (P23) amount n. C a collection or mass especially of sth. which cannot be counted: 总数，数量 (常与不可数名词连用。) amount 也可与可
33、数名词复数连用，但意指整体概念。例如： We didnt expect such a large amount of people. 我们没有料到会有这么多人。,the amount of: 总数，数量 a small/ large amount of:数量大/小 a certain/ fair amount of: 相当多的 1) They didnt deliver the right amount of sand. 2) The new tax caused a huge amount of public anger. 3) Dina encountered a fair amount
34、of envy among her colleagues. 4) You wouldnt believe the amount of trouble Ive got these days.,关于“许多”的用法见下表：,注意：amount一般与不可数名词连用，但也可与可数名词的复数连用，意指整体概念。例如: an enormous amount of problems,practice,请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 (1) We dont need a product _ _ (可以大批廉价生产的). (2) _ (许多食品) were spread out on the table.,that
35、 is cheap to produce in large quantities,Quantities of foods,7. It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment. concern: v. T to be important to someone or to involve someone directly:与有关，对有重要性 1) Matters of pollution and the environment concern us all. 2) Wha
36、t I have to say to Amy doesnt concern you. 3) His resignation concerns them all.,T to become involved with sth., or worried about sth.: 使操心，使不安 concern oneself about/for be concerned about/for 1) Dont concern yourself. Shell be home soon. 2) She concerns herself about her sons future.= She is concer
37、ned about her sons future.,concern: v.,T to cause anxiety to someone: The state of my fathers health concerns us greatly. It concerns me that he hasnt been in contact.,C or U a feeling of worry or nervousness, or sth. that worries you: 担心，挂念，关怀 Concern for the safety of the two missing teenagers is
38、growing. Theres a lot of public concern about/over dangerous toxins recently found in food.,concern: n.,2）C or U sth. that involves or affects you or is important to you: 关心的事，重要事 My greatest concern is the economy of China. What were the major concerns of the writers from this period? I dont want t
39、o hear about it its no concern of mine!,be of concern: to be important: The results of the election are of concern to us all.,8. responsible adj. be responsible for sth. /doing sth. 1) to be the person who caused sth. to happen, especially sth. bad: Who is responsible for this terrible mess? Last mo
40、nths bad weather was responsible for the crop failure.,2）to have control and authority over sth. or someone and the duty of taking care of it or them: Paul is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office. Her department is responsible for overseeing the councils.,be responsible to sb
41、. /sth. to be controlled by someone or sth.: In Australia, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers are responsible to the House of representatives. responsibly adv. When he saw the crash, the young boy acted very responsibly and called the police.,responsibilities: n. U 责任 Terrorists have cl
42、aimed responsibility for (= stated that they caused) yesterdays bomb attack. The minister took/accepted full responsibility for (= admitted that he was to blame for) the disaster and resigned.,9. However, I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled. 但是，我非常赞同我
43、们因该更多地利用回收材料制造产品。 句中do用作助动词，表示强调。当需要表示对过去的强调时，可用did。 eg. You should know that I do love you.你应该了解，我确实很爱你。Do arrive at 5:00 tomorrow morning.明早五点务必到达。,practice,请将下列句子翻译成英语。 1. 一定要小心！ Do take care! 2. 他的确显得很疲倦。 He does look tired.,10. What if we run out? (P25)what if: used to ask about sth. that could
44、 happen in the future, especially sth. bad: What if the trains late? What if you dont pass your exams?,2) rut out to finish, use or sell all of sth., so that there is none left 用光 run out of sth. Ive run out of milk/ideas/patience.,1.I _ several old friends when I went back to my hometown. 2.She _ m
45、e to hand me some papers Id dropped. 3.Luck is really _ you tonight! 4.Knowing her fathers opposition to her Mr Right, Nina decided to _ him.,5.The water is _ quick, turn the taps off.,用run across/into/after/against/away with/over的正确形式填空。,ran across/into,ran after,running against,run away with,runni
46、ng over,practice,practice,请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 (1) _ (如果怎么样) we go and see a film tomorrow night? (2) The earths resources _ (正要耗尽) at an alarming rate. (3) I need your help, for I _ (已经把钱用完了).,are running out,have run out of my money,What if,Think about what weve just learnt today.,Time for Reflection,St
47、udy without reflection is a waste of time.,Think in English,After the class,Its time to stop the class for you to look back in silence.,Exercises,At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _ Great Britain. A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the si
48、ze of,Quiz I: Multiple choice.,2. It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much,3. He did it _ it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time,4. The house rent is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _ here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much,