1、P4 Grammar,Module 4 Carnival,Objectives,1. To review the passive voice 2. To learn to write sentences in the passive voice,In Europe, carnival was followed by 40 days without meat. 2. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. 3. Hotels are fully booked and the narrowstreets
2、are crowded with wonderful costumes. 4. In the late 1970s the tradition wasrevived by students. 5. Their use was limited by laws, the firstof which dates back to the fourteenthcentury.,6. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and festival was developed for tourists. 7. Rice
3、is grown in many other Asian countries. 8. Researchers were brought in from all over China. 9. The research was supported by the government. 10. In theory, the road can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning.,go,In Europe, carnival _ (follow) by 40 days without meat. 2. Today, ca
4、rnival in Venice _ (celebrate) for five days in February. 3. Hotels _ (fully book) and the narrow streets are crowded with wonderful costumes. 4. In the late 1970s the tradition _ (revive) by students. 5. Their use _ (limit) by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.,was follo
5、wed,is celebrated,are fully booked,was revived,was limited,Ready?,6. The town council realised that carnival was good for business, and festival _ (develop) for tourists. 7. Rice _ (grow) in many other Asian countries. 8. Researchers _ (bring) in from all over China. 9. The research _ (support) by t
6、he government. 10. In theory, the road can only _ (use) by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning.,was developed,is grown,were brought,was supported,be used,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,语态 (Voice) 是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。 被动语态 (Passive V
7、oice) 表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。其句子的谓语动词是：be + V-ed 形式。,被动语态,指出句中的主谓宾语。,We kept food in the fridge.,We must close the windows and the door.,S,V.,O.,S,V.,O.,Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.,The windows and the door must be closed.,使用被动语态的情况：,Many houses will be built here.,The song The East is Red was writt
8、en by a poor peasant.,1. 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。,2. 强调动作的承受者。,The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.,You are requested to attend the meeting.,3. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。,4. 出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。,be,+ done,am/is/are一般现在时,am/is/are + being 现在进行时,shall/will + be 一般将来时,have/has + be
9、en 现在完成时,被动语态的构成,be,+ done,was/were一般过去时,was/were+being 过去进行时,would+be 过去将来时,had+been 过去完成时,Correct mistakes:,This room is belonged to me.,This music is sounded sweet.,belongs to,sounds,1. 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词, 不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。如: happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。,2. 有些动词常用
10、主动形式表示被动的意思，如: open, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等。,a. Your article reads well.,b. This type of car sells well in China.,c. This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.,It is said that It is reported that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed ou
11、t that ,3. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。,It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent up into space next month.,Another man-made satellite is reported to be sent up into space next month.,据报道，下个月又一颗人造卫星将被发射。,The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned.,It is believed that the three missi
12、ng sailors have drowned.,人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了。,例如：,It is said that Li Ping will study abroad.,Li Ping is said to study abroad.,It is said that Li Ping is studying abroad.,Li Ping is said to be studying abroad.,Li Ping is said to have studied abroad.,Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad.,It is s
13、aid that Li Ping studied abroad.,It is said that Li Ping has been studying abroad.,Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.,The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.,4. 情态动词的被动语态可以用来表示能力、可能性、责任等。,1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.,2. The viewer may feel a real sens
14、e of achievement and happiness.,3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.,The objects in the film can be touched.,A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.,Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.,More example:,4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.,5. Film-maker
15、s should use RealCine for all films.,6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further.,7. The viewer must wear special gloves.,RealCine could be used in the classroom too.,RealCine should be used for all films.,RealCine ought to be developed further.,Special gloves must be worn.,The long novel was wr
16、itten by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s.,The long novel is well written, isnt it?,The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.,Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it?,被动语态,被动语态,系表结构,系表结构,5. 注意区别被动语态与系表结构： 被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。,1. My sister _ a good chance to go abroa
17、d for further education.A. offered B. was offeringC. has offered D. was offered 2. A book _ more than once if you want to understand it better.A. must be readed B. must be read C. must to be read D. must read,Choose the best answers.,Practice,3. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, b
18、ut sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are usedC. have used D. has been used 4. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ?No. I _. Did they have a big wedding?was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite,Fill in the blanks with the right f
19、orm of the words given.,I _ (give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _ (find) very useful. 3. The work _ (finish)tomorrow. 4. The flowers _ (water) by them now.,was given,is found,will be finished,are being watered,5. The railway _ (build) this time last year. 6. The new way _ already
20、_ (build). 7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _ (hold) the next month. 9. Rice _ (grow) in the south of the States.,was being built,has,been built,had been built,would be held,is grown,汉译英,1. 令我们吃惊的是,比尔的父亲被投入狱。 2. 这种布很好洗。 3. 电脑将在明天修好。 4. 据说他是一个聪明的的
21、孩子。 5. 这支笔写起来流畅。 6. 新机器正在检测。 7. 2012年，奥运会将在伦敦举办。 8. 我被他的鬼故事吓着了。,Answers,1. 令我们吃惊的是, 比尔的父亲被投入狱。2. 这种布很好洗。3. 电脑将在明天修好。4. 据说他是一个聪明的男孩。,He is said to be a clever boy.,The computer will be repaired tomorrow.,The cloth washes well.,To our surprise, Bills father has been put into prison.,5. 这支笔写起来很流畅。6. 新机
22、器正在检测。7. 2012年，奥运会将在伦敦举办。8. 我被他的鬼故事吓着了。,This pen writes smoothly.,The new machine is being tested.,In the year 2012, the Olympics is to be held in London.,I was frightened by his ghost story.,2. 主动语态改为被动语态的四个步骤：a. 先找出谓语动词； b. 然后找出谓语动词后的宾语； c. 再把宾语用作被动语态中的主语； d. 最后注意人称、时态和数的变化。,1. 复习被动语态的各种形式。,1. All
23、 visitors to this village _ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 2. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scientists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be make,实战高考,3. The letters for the boss _ on hisdesk but he didnt read t
24、hem until three days later.A. were put B. was put C. put D. has put 4. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house_. A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuiltC. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt,5. So what is the procedure?All the applicants before a final decision is made by the
25、 authority. A. interview B. are interviewing C. are interviewed D. are being interviewed 6. We are confident that the environment _ by our further efforts to reduce pollution. A. had been improved B. will be improved C. is improved D. was improved,7. If nothing _, the oceans will turn into fish dese
26、rts. A. does B. had been done C. will do D. is done 8. Shakespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years. A. had been made B. was madeC. has been made D. would be made 9. Unless extra money _, the theatre will close. A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found,阅读下面材料，在空
27、白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 We have an old musical instrument. It _ (call) a clavichord (古钢琴). It _ (make) in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord _ (keep) in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument _ (buy) by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it _ (damage) by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we _ (allow) to touch it. It _ (repair) by a friend of my fathers next week.,is called,was made,is kept,was bought,was damaged,will be repaired,are not allowed,