1、Grammar,Module 3 Adventure in Literature and the Cinema,Objectives,1. To review -ing form, -ed form,and to+ infinitive 2. To learn the use of link verbs,-ing form & -ed form,Traveling is interesting but tiring. The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 3. The argument is very
2、convincing. 4. They were very excited at the news.,Are you familiar with these sentences? They are all that weve learnt.,5. Both he and I are satisfied with the result. 6. But although I was frightened, I also felt very curious. 7. Jim look terrified. 8. He is really amusing and tells jokeswhen he t
3、hinks were getting bored. 9. I dont want to board a sinking ship. 10. We heard the two men shouting.,Traveling is _ but _. The pupils will get _ if they are made to learn too much. 3. The argument is very _. 4. They were very _ at the news. 5. Both he and I are _ with the result.,confused,convincing
4、,excited,interesting,tiring,satisfied,go,Ready?,6. But although I was _, I also felt very curious. 7. Jim look _. 8. He is really_ and tells jokeswhen he thinks were getting _. 9. I dont want to board a _ ship. 10. We heard the two men _.,frightened,terrified,amusing,sinking,shouting,bored,以上我们已经通过归
5、纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,1. 语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动,Do you know the woman talking to Tom? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.,2. 时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成,developing country boiling water developed country boiled water,分词,分词包括现在分词和过去分词。它们的区别为：,分词的作用,1. 作定语,分词作
6、定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。 （1）前置定语 He is a promising young man. We only sell used books. （2）后置定语 The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.,（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。,Those who wish to join the club should sign here.,(Those wishing
7、 to join this club should sign here.),The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.,(The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.),（4）过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和完成，或只表完成。,the question discussed yesterday,昨天讨论的问题 （既表示被动也表示完成）,the fallen leaves,落下的树叶 (只表示完成，不表示被动) 2.
8、 作表语 分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。 What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真令人鼓舞。,3. 作宾语补足语,可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。,I saw him walking in the street. 我看见他在街上走。 I heard them singing in the classroom. 我听见他们在教室里唱歌。 We found the boy sleeping. 我们发现小孩睡着了。,4. 作状语,现在分词表主动进行 过去分词表被
9、动完成,1. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. 2. (Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful. 3. (Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 4. (Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better.,I was excited when I got the excitin
10、g news. 当我听到这个令人兴奋的消息，我很高兴/兴奋。,一般来说，动词的ing形式和ed形式都可以用来做形容词。ing形式是用来形容事物的，意为：令人(感到)，使人(感到)。而ed形式是用来形容人的，意为：(人)(感到)。,注意,这类词常见的有： interesting 使人感到高兴interested 感到高兴的 delighting 令人高兴的delighted 感到高兴的 disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 感到失望的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 感到鼓舞的 pleasing 令人愉快的pleased 感到愉快的 puzzl
11、ing 令人费解的puzzled 感到费解的 satisfying 令人满意的satisfied 感到满意的 surprising 令人惊异的surprised 感到惊异的 worrying 令人担心的worried 感到担心的,1. The situation is more _ than ever. Im _ about what to do next.A. puzzled; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling C. puzzling; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling 2. The _ news _Jim. He was _ at it.A
12、. surprising; surprised; surprisedB. surprised; surprised; surprisingC. surprised; surprising; surprised D. surprised; surprising; surprising,Practice,3. It was so _ a poem that quite a few students were _ to tears.A. moved; moved B. moving; moving C. moving; moved D. moved; moving 4. China is a lar
13、ge country which is getting _.A. more and more developed B. more and more developing C. more developed and more developedD. more developing and more developing,bored/boringI wasnt _ with the lesson. 2. interested/interestingI was very _ in her teaching method. 3. amazed/amazingThe computer screen is
14、 absolutely _. 4. embarrassed/embarrassingGroup work activities wont make you _ because you cankeep quiet if you want to.,bored,interested,Choose the proper words to fill in the blanks.,amazing,embarrassed,1. The sight of the boat going under water was _ (worry). 2. Huck got _ (excite) when he reali
15、zed there was someone on the boat. 3. The men with the gun had a _ (satisfy) expression on his face. 4. The man on the floor was clearly _ (frighten).,worrying,excited,satisfied,frightened,Complete the sentences with the correct form (-ing or-ed) of verbs.,P24 2,5. Huck and Jim had lots of _ (fright
16、en) experiences on the river. 6. I didnt know you were _ (interest) in Mark Twain. 7. Yes, I find his novels very _ (excite). 8. Twain certainly had an unusual and _ (interest) life.,frightening,interested,exciting,interesting,to+ infinitive 动词不定式,As a tourist, you will need to use the underground i
17、n London.Some words just seem to have too many letters.No one asked him to do the job.Sometimes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money to live on.,5. Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. 6. He realised that he was lucky to be alive himself. 7.
18、He felt that it was his mission in life to help others. 8. I dont want to board a sinking ship. 9. He agreed to go. 10. I didnt want all three men to die.,As a tourist, you will need_ (use) the underground in London.Some words just seem _ (have) too many letters.No one asked him _ (do) the job.Somet
19、imes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money _ (live) on.,to use,to have,to do,to live,go,Ready?,5. Before he volunteered _ (direct) the traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. 6. He realised that he was lucky _ (be) alive himself. 7. He felt that it was his mission in life _ (help)
20、others. 8. I dont want _ (board) a sinking ship. 9. He agreed _ (go). 10. I didnt want all three men_ (die).,to direct,to be,to help,to board,to go,to die,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,一、动词不定式的基本构成：,肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth. 被动式：to be done 完成式：to have don
21、e 二、动词不定式的句法作用： 动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。,动词不定式,动词不定式,To do that sort of thing is foolish.,I want to see you this evening,The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.,We found a house to live in.,She came here to study English.,I warned the patient
22、not to drink cold water after the operation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,1. 作主语 不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。 To see is to believe 注：为使句子保持平衡，常用it做形式主语，将to do放在后面。,句型1：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.,It takes us an hour to get there by bus.,句型2：Its + n. + to do,It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mou
23、ntains.,2. 作宾语 常接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want hope wish offer fail learn refuse manage help agree promise prefer pretend plan expect,I want to know this matter. 我想知道这件事。 I dont expect to meet you here. 我不希望在这里见到你。,forget to do 忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记做了某事 remember to do 记住要做某事 remember doing 记着做了某事 stop to do 停下来
24、去做（另一件事） stop doing 停止做某事 go on to do 接着做（另外一件事） go on doing 继续做某事,下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作 宾语意义有区别：,mean to do 有意要做某事 mean doing 意味着做了某事 regret to do 对要做的事表示遗憾 regret doing 对做过的事后悔 cant help to do 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing 情不自禁做某事 try to do 尽力去做某事 try doing 试着做某事 learn to do 学着去做某事 learn doing 学会做某事,3. 作定语 1)
25、 不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系。Do you have anything to wash today?Do you have anything to be washed today? (区别主被动） 2) 不定式用来说明所修饰词的内容。I have no chance to go there. 3) 被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语。She is the last to leave the room. 4) 不定式为不及物动词时，须加介词。He is looking for a room to live in.,4. 作状语：表示目的、原因、结果或条件。 1) I came here to see
26、 you 2) We were very excited to hear the news3) He hurried to the school to find nobody there . 4) To look at him，you would like him,(目的),(原因),(结果),(条件),5.作宾语补足语(与宾语之间的关系实际上 是逻辑上的主谓关系) 1. Mother told me to come back before 10 oclock. 2. Ill get someone to repair the recorder for you. 3. What caused
27、him to change his mind? 4.I wish you to come as soon as possible. 5. He asked me to do the work with him.,作宾语补足语时，动词的-ing形式与不定式的区别： 动词的-ing形式表示动作正在发生或进行 不定式表示动作已经发生，动作的过程已经结束。,例如： I saw Tom going upstairs. I saw Tom go upstairs.,说明上楼的情景,说明上楼这件事,advise allow ask beg cause expect encourage force get h
28、ate invite order wish oblige want warn remind promise permit persuade request,sb. to do,see watch look at hear listen to feel notice,+,sb.,+,do doing done,make let have,sb. be,+,to do,made let,1. Jim wanted _ (get away) quickly. 2. Huck suggested _ (take) the mens boat. 3. He told Jim to stop _ (mak
29、e) a noise. 4. Then he persuaded Jim _ (help) him.,to get away,taking,making,to help,Complete the sentences with the correct form (-ing or to + infinitive) of verbs.,P24 3,5. Huck was beginning _ (enjoy) himself. 6. He particularly enjoyed _ (play) a trick on the three men. 7. Id like _ (read) somet
30、hing else by Twain. 8. I advise her _ (use) a dictionary.,to enjoy,playing,to read,to use,Link Verbs 连系动词,1. Jim looked terrified. 2. It looked like a horse at first. 3. It looked as if itll go under soon. 4. He sounds as if hes going to dieof fright. 5. The soup tastes very delicious.,6. Although I
31、 was frightened, I also felt very curious. 7. I began to feel bad about what we had done. 8. We stayed inside the shelter. 9. On average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. 10. There were two men standing over him.,1. Jim _ terrified. 2. It_ like a horse at first. 3. It _as if itll go u
32、nder soon. 4. He _ as if hes going to dieof fright. 5. The soup _ very delicious.,looked,looked,looked,sounds,tastes,go,Ready?,6. Although I was frightened, I also _very curious. 7. I began to_ bad about what we had done. 8. We _ inside the shelter. 9. On average, one vehicle_ off the road every two
33、 weeks. 10. There _ two men standing over him.,felt,feel,stayed,comes,were,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,1. Jim looked terrified.2. It looked like a horse at first.3. It looked as if itll go under soon.,Analyze the structure.,系动词+adjective,系动词+like +noun,系动词+as
34、if +clause,连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独 立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。 、类型：The story sounds true. Those oranges taste good.,1. “存在”类: 表示存在或具有某种特征或状态。这类连系动词强调“存在”。,常见的有: be, look, feel, seem, appear, prove, smell, taste, sound等。,连系动词,Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days. Its already t
35、en in the morning. The store remains closed. Whats the matter?,2. “持续”类: 表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调“持续”。,常见的有: remain, keep, stay, continue, stand等。,Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather. The trees began to turn green, and it took on the look of spring.,常见的有: become, turn, grow, ge
36、t等。,3. “变化”类: 表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调“变化”后的情况或状态。,Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car.,有些连系动词通常不用于被动语态和 进行时态中。如：feel, taste等词。, Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft.,2. 一般情况下，连系动词主要跟形容词 或分词作表语。,、用法,The population growth in China
37、remains a problem.,3. 能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有： be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain 和turn等。,Twenty years later, he turned teacher.,turn后跟表示主语身份的名词作表语时，不加冠词,a. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it. b. On the long journey, Peter pr
38、oved to be a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time.,4. 连系动词也可跟不定式(to do/to be), 常见的有：appear, seem, remain, prove, look等。,1. What he said sounds _. A. nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully 2. We dont care if a hunting dog smells _, but we really dont want him to smell _. A. we
39、ll, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad,Practice,3. He turned _ ten years ago but later he became _.A. a teacher; a doctor B. teacher; doctorC. teacher; a doctor D. a teacher; doctor 4. The dog _ lost yesterday.A. got B. became C. turned D. fall,5. Although he has taken a lot of medicine,
40、his health _ poor. A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues 6. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes,Review,The infinitive The -ing form of verbs The -ed form of verbs Link Verbs,1. The next thing he saw was
41、 smoke _ from behind the house.A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 2. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable _. A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold,实战高考,3. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot toturn off the ligh
42、ts. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 4. Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to thenew students. A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken,5. Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own. A. change B. changing C. changed
43、 D. to change 6. When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked,7. _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. Known B. Having known C. Knowing D. Being known 8. _ warm at night, I would fill the
44、 woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay,9. I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tired. A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken 10. _ in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens loveof art. A. To
45、 found B. FoundingC. Founded D. Having founded,11. While waiting for the opportunity to get _ , Henry did his best to perform his duty. A. promote B. promoted C. promoting D. to promote 12. Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV. A. watch B. to watchC. watched D. watching,