1、Grammar,Module 1 British and American English,Objectives,1. To review the use of the present simple tense, the present continuous tense, the present perfect tense and the future simple tense 2. To review the use of for or since with present perfect tense,1. I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far fro
2、m Beijing. (p2, B1) 2. The teachers write on the computer, and their words appear on the screen behind them. (p2, B1),Are you familiar with these sentences? They are all from the passages weve learnt.,3. Were using a new textbook. (p2, B1) 4. Im writing down my thoughts aboutit. (p2, B1) 5. Travelin
3、g in space by ordinary citizens will be common. (p2, B4) 6. Each city will have its own spaceport.(p2, B4) 7. Ill tell you my opinion after I haveread your article. (p109, B5) 8. Well go outing if it has stopped raining by ten. (p109, B5),9. Ten minutes later the monster appeared again and repeated
4、theaction. (p52, B4) 10. Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries. (p32, B3) 11. Their work has influenced other writers ever since. (p2, B3) 12. I will definitely study medicine after I finish school. (p8, B4),to test your sense of observation to test your ability of short-ter
5、m memory to test your ability to highlight the language points,Guess,Guessing Games,1. I _ (live) in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing. 2. The teachers _ (write) on the computer, and their words _ (appear) on the screen behind them. 3. We _ (use) a new textbook. 4. I _ (write down) my though
6、ts about it. 5. Traveling in space by ordinary citizens _ (be) common. 6. Each city _ (have) its own spaceport.,live,write,are using,am writing down,will be,will have,appear,go,Ready?,7. Ill tell you my opinion after I _ (read) your article. 8. Well go outing if it _ (stop) raining by ten. 9. Ten mi
7、nutes later the monster _ (appear) again and _ (repeat) the action. 10. Sandstorms _ (be) a major disaster for many Asian countries. 11. Their work _ (influence) other writers ever since. 12. I _definitely _ (study) medicine after I finish school.,appeared,repeated,have been,has influenced,will stud
8、y,have read,has stopped,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,The Present Simple Tense 一般现在时,1. 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 They cycle to work every day. We always care for each other and helpeach other. 2. 现在的特征、性格或能力。 He loves sports. I major in English. Do you sing? A little.
9、,3. 普遍真理。 Light travels faster than sound. Two and four makes six. The moon moves round the earth.,4. 有些表示状态和感觉的动词(如：be, love, like, hate, want, hope, need, prefer, wish, know, understand, remember, believe, guess, suppose, mean, belong, think, feel, seem等) 用一般现在时表示现在发生的具体行为。,I feel a sharp pain in
10、my chest. I still remember the days when I lived in that quiet village.,Tell her about that when she come. Turn off the light before you leave. Well start as soon as you are ready.,5. 在口语中有少数动词,如begin, come, go, leave, sail, start, arrive, return, stop, open, close等用一般现在时表示一个按规定、计划或安排发生的情况，一般都有一个表示未
11、来时间的状语。,6. 在时间或条件从句中，将来动作或状态多用一般现在时表示。,The plane takes off at 11 am.,1. When will you come to see me, dad? I will go to see you when you _ the training course. A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish 2. I will telephone you as soon as I _there. A. get B. will get C. got D. am
12、 going to get,Exercises,3. Come and see me when _.A. you are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you 4. He will simply keep on asking her until she _.A. will do B. does C. had done D. would do.,5. When will you come to see me, Dad? I will go to
13、see you when you _ the training course. A. will have finished B. will finish B. are finishing D. finish 6. He always _ careful notes while he is listening to the teacher in class. A. will take B. took C. takes D. is taking,7. I have been living outside Qingdaofor a long time now but I _ back there e
14、very few weeks to see my parents. A. am going B. had gone C. would be going D. go 8. Give her the book when you _. A. will meet her B. meets her C. meet her D. meeting her,The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时,1)与always, all the time, constantly, forever等连用，表示说话人责备，厌恶， 赞赏等感情，相当于“老是”。,Jim is always comi
15、ng late to class. Hes always thinking of others.,2)表示主语最近计划或按安排将要做的事，能这样使用的动词有go, come, leave, arrive, stay, begin, see, meet, start等。,He is meeting the manager tomorrow.,现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时， 表示一个经常性动作或状态，这时或是 为了表示一种感情（a）如赞叹、厌烦 等，或是为了强调情况的暂时性（b）。,a. He is always thinking of his work.他总是想着他的工作。He is con
16、stantly, leaving his things about. 她老是乱扔东西。 He is always boasting.他老爱说大话。,（表赞许）,（表不满）,（表厌烦）,b. He is sleeping in the next room now.他现在是在隔壁房间睡了。（不在原来房间睡了）The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill. 教授在秘书生病时自己打印信件。（秘书暂时生病了）Where is he working?他现在在哪里工作？（可能刚换工作）,1. So how long ha
17、ve you been here? Just a couple of days actually. Im on a big journey, you know. I _ all the places of interest here.A. am visiting B. visited C. have visited D. will have visited 2. Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.A. has closed down B. closed downC. is closing down D. h
18、ad closed down,Exercises,3. Im going to the States. How long _ you_ in the States?A. are; stayed B. are; stayingC. have; stayed D. did; stay 4. Ive won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have takenC. take D. will have taken,5. Im sorry I cant go. I _ a report. A. write B.
19、 am writing C. wrote D. was writing 6. Whats the terrible noise? The neighbors _ for a party. A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare,The Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时,(一) 现在完成时的基本用法：,1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。I have finished my work.We have set up many new factories. 2. 动作发生在过去, 强调对现
20、在的结果、影响等。Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”?Ive spent 3 years in the countryside.,3. 表示动作发生在过去, 并且一直持续到现在, 甚至还可能继续下去, 句中使用持续性动词, 且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。,We havent seen each other for ten years. Ive been an English teacher for about 20 years.,4. 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。,Ill go home as
21、soon as I have finished my homework. Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it.,(二) 使用现在完成时的句型 1) 现在完成时 + since + 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句，其中从句用一般过去时) 2) 现在完成时 + for + 段时间状语 3) It / This is the first / 其他序数词 / last time + that 从句中，从句使用现在完成时。,1) Mary has been ill since three days ago. 2) Mary ha
22、s been ill for three days. 3) It is the first time that I have visited the city. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen.,1. When did he go to America? Oh, he _ there since half a year ago.A. went B. has been C. has gone D. was 2. How are you today? Oh, I _ as ill as I do today for a very long ti
23、me.A. didnt feel B. wasnt feeling C. dont feel D. havent felt,Exercises,3. This is the first time that I _ such amistake.A. made B. make C. have made D. had make 4. That was the first time that I _ the country.A. has been in B. has gone to C. had been to D. had gone to,5. Recently China _ its first
24、personal robot.A. had developed B. has developedC. is developing D. developed 6. So far nothing _ clear about the meeting.A. has done B. has been done C. has made D. has been made,1. English grammar has not changed much _ the time of Shakespeare. 2. The American spelling system has existed _ about 2
25、00 years. 3. I have been studying English _ I was in primary school. 4. We have an American teacher. He hasbeen here _ January. 5. CNN has been on the air _ more than twenty years.,用since和for填空。,since,for,since,since,for,汉译英,1. 我有时步行去上班。 2. 从伦敦来的火车7:00到站。 3. 我一到那里就打电话给你。 4. 如果有需要，我帮你。 5. 现在正在下雨。 6.
26、会议在下午3：00开始。 7. 我去过巴黎两次。 8. 山姆先生已经搬到农村去住了。,Answers:,1. I sometimes go to work on foot. 2. The train from London arrives at 7:00. 3. Ill call you as soon as I get there. 4. Ill help you if you need. 5. It is raining now. 6. The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon. 7. I have been to Paris twi
27、ce. 8. Mr. Sam has gone to live in the country.,The Future Simple Tense 一般将来时,I think everything will be OK. 我相信一切都会好的。Jim is going to buy a new coat this winter. Look at the dark clouds, its going to rain.,1) will:表示说话时决定做的事；表示某种 预见；有一定的科学根据；用在“I think /expect” 等后的从句中。,2) be going to:有迹象表明要发生；事先 计划
28、，考虑，安排要做的事。,Were to meet at 4:00 this afternoon. The shop is to be opened in May.,3) be about to do:表示即将发生的动作。 (一般不与时间状语连用，但可与when 从句连用),The meeting is about to begin.,4) be to do:表示约定、计划、安排要做 的事。,1. Did you tell Julia about the result? Oh, no, I forgot. I _ her now.A. will be calling B. will callC.
29、 call D. am to call 2. _ you _ free next Sunday?A. Will; are B. Will; beC. Do; be D. Are; be,Exercises,3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; isC. will be; will be D. is; will be 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to haveC. will h
30、ave D. is going to be,Review,复习下列时态： 1. 一般现在时 The Present Simple Tense 2. 现在进行时 The Present Continuous Tense 3. 一般将来时 The Future Simple Tense 4. 现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense,1. His first novel _ good reviews since it came out last month. A. receives B. is receiving C. will receive D. has received
31、 2. Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I _. A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing,实战高考,3. It is the most instructive lecture thatI _ since I came to this school. A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended 4. Look at the pride on Toms face. He_ to have
32、been praised by the manager just now. A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming,5. By the time you have finished thisbook, your meal _ cold.A. gets B. has got C. will get D. is getting 6. Walmart, which is one of the largestAmerican supermarket chains, _ some of its store open 24 hours on Monda
33、ys through Saturdays.A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept,7. I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me? Sorry, I _ the piano for years.A. dont play B. wasnt playing C. havent played D. hadnt played 8. Look! Somebody _ the sofa. Well, it wasnt me. I didnt d
34、o it.A. is cleaning B. was cleaningC. has cleaned D. had cleaned,9. Shakespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years. A. had been made B. was madeC. has been made D. would be made 10. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I _ president,” said the boy, wi
35、th a smile.A. have been B. am C. was D. will be,11. On Monday mornings it usually _ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. A. takes B. is taking C. took D. will take 12. Hurry up, kids! The school bus _ for us! A. waits B. was waiting C. waited D. is waiting,13. H
36、i, lets go skating. Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job. A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill 14. What time is it? I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you. A. check B. checked C. will check D. would check,15. The reports went missing in 2012 and
37、nobody _ them since. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen 16. Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying,17. Whenever you _ a present, you should think about it from the receivers
38、 point of view. A. bought B. have bought C. will buy D. buy 18. Youd better write down her phone number before you _ it . A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget,19. How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? Well, the media _it in a variety of forms. A. c
39、over B. will cover C. have covered D. covered,阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, many cities are suffering from smog. It _ (be) especially harmful to children, seniors, pregnant women, smokers and people with lung or heart problems. An important component of smog is ground-level ozone.
40、 Actually, ozone that _ (form) naturally in the atmosphere _ (protect) life from the suns damaging rays.,is,is formed,protects,At ground level, however, ozone _ (hurt) peoples eyes, nose and throat, which can make it more difficult for the body _ (fight) against an infection. When the amount of grou
41、nd-level ozone increases, so _ (do) the number of emergency-room visits. The other component _ (is) fine particulate matter. The_ (small) the particle, the more dangerous it can be. When people _ (take in) ozone and particulates from the air, both the blood flow and the oxygen supply to the heart _ (reduce).,to fight,does,is,smaller,will be reduced,take in,hurts,Homework,Do the exercises of Grammar on Page 4&5.,