1、P4 Grammar,Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications,Objectives,1. To learn the use of compound words 2. To learn the use of articles,Compound words,Grammar 1,keyboard, hardware, network, newspaper, high-speed, CD-ROM, baby-sitter, warm-up, computer system, search engine, mobile phone, post offic
2、e, good-looking, kind-hearted, middle-aged,Are you familiar with these sentences? They are all that weve learnt.,air conditioner central bank washing machine absent-minded long-suffering babysitter empty-handed,洗衣机 空调 中央银行 长期受苦的 心不在焉的 一无所获的 临时代人照看婴儿,Match,The police talked to the _ about the acciden
3、t.A. standerby B. standersbyC. standerbys D. standersbys A new amusement park in our city has opened with _ computer techniques.A. uptodate B. manmadeC. nearsighted D. peaceloving,Exercises, This kind of _ is popular _small children. A. picturebooks；with B. picturebook；with C. picturebooks；to D. the
4、 picturebook；for,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,合成词：由两个或两个以上的词合在一起构成的词。常见合成词有复合名词、复合动词、复合形容词等几种类型。 把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词的方法叫合成法。,class,room,classroom,合成词 Compound Words,名词名词: moon-cake, pencil-box, lifetime, weekend, classmate, northeast, railway, workbook, earthqua
5、ke, doorbell, hometown, necklace, spaceship, dog days(三伏天), bookshop, sunlight,复合名词,1.构成,b. 形容词名词: loudspeaker, goodbye, midnight/day, blackboard, Mid-autumn, software, mainland c. 动名词名词: sitting/waiting-room, freezing point d. 动词名词: playground/house, watchtower, chopsticks, washroom,e. 名词v-ing：f. 动
6、词副词： get-together, break-through g. 副词名词：downfall, outbreak,handwriting, home cooking,thanksgiving, roller-skating,Sightseeing took up the whole morning.Finally they reached a cross-roads.Smoking is not allowed during take-off.,主语,宾语,介词宾语,2.用法：合成名词可以在句中作主语、宾语等。,形容词名词ed: kind-hearted形容词v-ing: good-lo
7、oking c. 副词v-ing: hard-working d. 名词v-ing: English-speaking e. 名词v-ed: man-made f. 副词v-ed: well-known g. 形容词名词: mid-east, round-trip,复合形容词,1.构成,h. 其它: up/downstairs, everyday, take-away, outdoor, one-way, part-time, two-month, secondhand, mouth-to-mouth, so-so, on-line, so-called, five-year-old,They
8、 helped us to map out a long-termplan. Open-air exercise will do you good.Are you airsick? He is lively and outgoing.,定语,定语,表语,表语,2.用法：合成形容词多数作定语，有些也可作表语。,复合动词 over + come = overcome (副词+动词) 复合数词 fifty+ four= fifty-four 复合代词 everyone, somebody, anything, nobody ( 不定代词+名词) 复合副词 down+ stairs = downsta
9、irs 在楼下( 形容词+名词) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly 全神贯注地 (副词+副词),其他,GUESS,telltale,搬弄是非者,GUESS,onlooking,旁观的,GUESS,hotfoot,匆忙地,GUESS,beforehand,提前的，事先准备好的,多数复合名词变成复数时，只把主体名词变成复数，而由man, woman构成的复合名词变成复数时，必须把主体名词和man或woman都变成复数。,daughters-in-law,daughter-in-law,passer-by,passers-by,woman teacher,women
10、teachers,man doctor,men doctors,1. He is a five-year-old boy.=he is five years old. 2. It is a four-foot-long box.这个盒子有4英尺长。,当数词和表示年龄、质量、尺寸等的名词用连字符“-”构成合成词时，这些名词用单数形式。, well-being _ see-through_ data-bank _ credit card _ bystander _,健康；安乐,透明的,数据库,信用卡,旁观者,Translate the words., chewing gum_ snow-cover
11、ed _ three-legged _ hard-working _ contact lens _,口香糖,被雪覆盖的,三条腿的,勤劳的,隐形眼镜,Practice,Articles,Grammar 2,The Internet is the biggest source ofinformation in the world. 2. They created a network of computerscalled DARPANET. 3. The World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist, Tom Berners-
12、lee.,Are you familiar with these sentences? They are all that weve learnt.,4. The Nobel prize is the highest scientific prize there is, so we should be very proud of that. 5. The earth is 4.6 million years old. 6. The panda is in danger of becoming extinct. 7. Gold is expensive. 8. Wisdom is better
13、than strength. 9. The train was wonderful and the foodwas great.,_ Internet is the biggest source ofinformation in the world. 2. They created _ network of computers called DARPANET. 3. _ World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist, Tom Berners-lee. 4. _ Nobel prize is the highest sci
14、entific prize there is, so we should be very proud of that.,The,a,The,The,go,Ready?,5. _ earth is 4.6 million years old. 6. _ panda is in danger of becoming extinct. 7. _ gold is expensive. 8. _wisdom is better than strength. 9. _ train was wonderful and the foodwas great.,The,The,The,/,/,1. Is ther
15、e (a/the) computer at your school? 2. Do you have (a/the) lesson in the computer room? 3. Can you access (an/the) Internet at school? 4. Have you got (a/the) phone at home? 5. Have you got (a/the) computer at home?,. Choose the correct article to complete each question.,Exercises,1. Does _ headmaste
16、r know how to use a computer? 2. Are_ computers important? 3. Can you access _ Internet at school?,the,/,the,. Complete the sentences with the definite article if necessary.,4. You need _ software to use a computer. 5. _ World Wide Web is full of _ websites.,/,The,/,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面
17、就让我们根据 之前练习的考察情 况进一步选择讲解 该语法项的重难点。,不使用冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,a an,the,零冠词,冠词的 分类,冠词 Articles,冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词所指的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词(indefinite article) 、定冠词(definite article)和零冠词(zero article)三种。,不定冠词有两个形式，一个是a，另一个是an。 a 用在以辅音(指的是音标不是指字母)开头的词前，an 用在以元音开头的词前。,an hour, an umbrella, an example, a European, a one-act
18、 play, a university,1. 不定冠词,不定冠词的基本用法:, 泛指某一类人或事物的一个。, 表示某一类人或事物，相当于any。, 用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前。, 用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示“一阵”、“一场”、“一种”等。,snow a snow 一场雪 shower a shower 一阵暴雨,A boy is waiting for you.,A horse is an animal.,An old cock is sitting in a tall tree., 用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍：是什么样的人或是什么样的事物。,a. The little girl
19、is a joy to her parents.,b. He is a success.,c. It is a pleasure to work with you.,d. He did me a great kindness.,e. What a great surprise you gave me.,a lot of/a lot 很多a few 有些a little 一些a piece of 一张to have a rest 休息一下as a matter of fact 事实上, 用于某些固定的词组中。, 特指某个或某些人或事物，或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物，或重复上文提到的人或事物。,a
20、. How do you like the film?,b. There was a chair by the window. Onthe chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby is very fat.,2. 定冠词的用法, 指世界上独一无二的事物。,the sky; the universe; the atmosphere The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun., 用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。,a. The lion i
21、s more fierce than the wolf.,b. The compass was invented in ancientChina.,常用在乐器的名称之前。,play the violin/piano,用在由普通名词合成的专有名词前。,the Yangtze River; the Yellow River; the Salt Lake; the Himalayas,用在江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛等地理名词之前。,the United Nations, the Red Cross the Great Wall, the White House,in the morning 在早上
22、on the other hand 另一方面on the contrary 相反,用在许多习惯用语中。,the Smiths 史密斯一家人 The Wangs live in the next-door house.,用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人。,在大多数专有名词、泛指的抽象名词和物质名词前。,We love science. She is fond of music.,在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名词前。,Monday, Sunday March, OctoberNew Years Day, Womens Day,3. 零冠词的用法,b. This is Comrade Yang, c
23、hairmanof the Students Union.,c. He reported this to Mr Black,headmaster of the school.,在称呼语、表示头衔或职务的名词前。,a. Whats wrong with you, Uncle?,国名、人名前面，一般不加定冠词。,I like rice for supper.,Lets go and watch them play chess., 用在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动等名词前。,China, Japan, England, Mary, Henry 但有些例外，如: the United States, t
24、he Philippines, the Peoples Republic of China 等。,1. In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck by_ beauty of _ nature that he stayed for another night.A. /;/ B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 2. Many people are still in _habit of writing silly things in _ public places.A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the,
25、Practice,. Choose the best answers.,3. Five years ago her brother was _ university student of _physics.A. a; the B. an; the C. an; / D. a; /,4. Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning. Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a,5. I love _ history
26、 because it gives us _ knowledge of past events.A. the, a B. /; a C. /; / D. a; the 6. Most animals have little connection with _ animals of _ different kind unless they kill them for food.A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the,7. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ interna
27、tional trade today.A. a; / B. the; anC. the; the D. /; the 8. _ is the largest of the continents of the world.A. Asia B. An AsiaC. A Asia D. The Asia,1. _ useful book; _ umbrella; 2. have _ lunch have _ big lunch3. in _ morning on _ cold morning4. _ Mr. Li _ President5. _ Greens _ fourth street6. pl
28、ay _ chess play _ golf7. _ few _ little8. by _ time go to _ cinema9. at _ breakfast at _home,a,/,/,a,the,a,an,the,/,/,a,a,the,the,/,/,the,/,. Put a, an, the or / in the spaces where necessary.,1. 尽管他已经失败了两次，但他还想再试一次。 2. 为了寻找更好的生活，他去了美国。 3. 布朗一家人要来看望我们。 4. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 5. 汤姆是我们班里个子最高的。 6. 我们选举他为我们的班
29、长。,.汉译英,Although he has failed twice, he would like to try a third time.,He went to the USA in search of a better life.,The Browns are coming to see us.,As we all know, the earth moves around the sun.,Tom is the tallest in our class.,We elected him our monitor.,Review,复习合成词的构成及用法，尤其是合成名词和合成形容词。 2. 复
30、习定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法。,1. As he reached _ front door, Jack saw _ strange sight. A. the; / B. a; the C. /; a D. the; a 2. As is known to all, _ Peoples Republic of China is _ biggest developing country in the world. A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /,实战高考,3. Experts think that _ recentlydiscovered pa
31、inting may be _Picasso. A. the; 不填 B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; a 4.Take your time its just _ shortdistance from here to _ restaurant.A. 不填; the B. a; the C. the; a D. 不填; a,5. He missed _ gold in the high jump,but will get _ second chance in thelong jump. A. the; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. a; 不填 6. Ca
32、rl is studying _ food science atcollege and hopes to open up _ meatprocessing factory of his own one day. A. / ； a B. / ；the C. the ; a D. the ; the,7. The “Chinese Dream” is _ dreamto improve peoples well-being and_ dream of harmony, peace anddevelopment. A. the; a B. a; aC. a; the D. the; the 8. T
33、he parents were shocked by _ newsthat their son needed _operation on his knee. A. a;/ B. the; / C. the; an D. a; an,9. Animals are obviously _ lower form of life than _ man. A. a ; / B. the ; the C. a ; the D. / ; / 10. It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.
34、 A. 不填; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填,11. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _ thirteenth century. A. the; a B. a; / C. /; the D. the; the 12. India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle. A. 不填;a B. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the,13. They chose
35、 Tom to be _captain of the team because they knew he was _ smart leader. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 14. _ village where I was born has grown into _ town. A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a,15. Life is like _ ocean; only _strong-willed can reach the other shore. A. an; the B. the; a
36、 C. the ;/ D. / ; a 16. The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days _ week, often long into _ night. A. a; the B. the; 不填 C. a; a D. 不填；the,17. I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have_ Wilson here in the village. A. the； a B. a; / C. a; the D. the ; /,Complete the conv
37、ersation with a/ an/ the, if necessary.,A: Im really looking forword to _ summer holidays. We are taking _ trip to _ Paris! B: How wonderful! Its _ interesting and beautiful city. How long will _ journey take? A: _ flight takes about _ hour. When we arrive, we will travel to our hotel by _ bus. _ ho
38、tel is right in _ centre of _ city, so we can visit all famous places.,the,/,an,the,The,an,/,The,the,the,a,B: Are you planning to visit _ Louvre Museum and see _ paintings? A: Yes, we are. We also want to take _ boat along _ river, and spend some time just sitting in _ caf drinking _ coffee and watching _ people go fast. B: Yes, youll have _ lovely holiday. I love _ France, too.,the,the,a,the,a,/,/,a,/,Homework,Do the exercises of Grammar 1&2 in Module 6.,