1、Learning about language,because of 因为，由于 voyage 航行，航海 native 本国的，本土的 come up （to) 到(去） actually 实际上，事实上 base 以基础 at present 目前 gradually 逐渐地 rule 统治 Danish 丹麦语 vocabulary 词汇,Review,make use of 利用 spelling 拼写 latter 后者 identity 身份 fluent 流利 的 Singapore 新加坡 Malaysia 马来西亚 such as 比如,1.petrol 2.voyage 3
2、.gradually 4.frequently 5.identity 6.the latter 7.actually 8.fluent,who or what somebody or something is a word for gas in British English . not sudden in fact the second of two things or people already mentioned often long trip by sea or in space able to speak or write a language well,Match the new
3、 words and expressions with their meanings,1,It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as_ as a _ English speaker. One reason is that English has a large _. It also has different usage in different English speaking countries. If you say “flat“ instead of “_”, people in America will know y
4、ou have learned British English. If you use the word _ instead of “lift“ in Britain, people will know you have studied American English.,Complete this passage with the words from the warming up and Reading.,vocabulary,apartment,elevator,fluently,native,2,Add these phrase to the rhyme so that it make
5、s sense.,such as make use of because of come up at present,“Will you_ to my flat?” asked the spider to the fly. “_ its so pleasant to look down from so high. _ the clear sky its possible to see Buildings _ theatres and hotels by the sea. So wont you please _ this chance to look?” The fly agreed imme
6、diately without a second thought. But as soon as she went up with a step so light that day, The spider caught and ate her and she was seen again!,come up,At present,Because of,such as,make use of,3,Sometimes British and American people use different prepositions for the same idea. Choose a pair of p
7、repositions. Then compare them.,at/on past/after in/on from/than,There are so many people _ the street. They are going to a party _the weekend. We will leave for the airport at a quarter _five.,in/on,past/after,at/on,4,His brother is _ the most famous football team in England. 5.As we know, British
8、English is a little different _American English. 6.Are there many children playing _ the playground?,in/on,from/than,in/on,Requests and Commands,Direct speech,Requests: Do . , please.Can you. ?Could you . ? Will you . ? Would you . ?,Commands: Do .Dont .,Indirect speech,Requests: A asked B to do sth
9、.A asked B not to do sth.,Commands: A told/ordered B to do sth. A told/ordered B not to do sth.,Can you find the following command and request from Reading ? Lets see how to retell them in indirect speech.,EXAMPLES,“Look at this example,” the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to look at that e
10、xample. “Would you like to see my flat?” she asked. She asked me to see her flat.,1,Rules and practice of direct and indirect speech,当直接引语为祈使句时，转换为间接引语要用一个带动词不定式的简单句表示：,祈使句,直引：主语+动词+“祈使句” 间引：主语+动词+to Verb eg The teacher said to me, “Come in .” -The teacher told me to go in 。 John said to me , “Pleas
11、e shut the window。” -John asked me to shut the window。 The teacher said to me, “ Dont be late again.” -The teacher advised me not to be late again.,特别提醒,1.祈使句变为间接引语，主要使用动词不定式。 2.谓语动词要做一定变化。表示命令，用tell，order，command等。 表示请求，用ask，beg，request等。 表示忠告，用 advise。,Open the window.,Direct speech,Indirect speec
12、h,Miss Hu told * toopen the window.,Will you please open the window?,Miss Hu asked * toopen the window.,told,to,asked,to,Dont open the window.,Miss Hu told * notto open the window.,not,“Write a letter to your parents.”“Dont play games in the classroom.”“Can you pass on the book to Tom?”“Will you ple
13、ase not smoke here?”,The teacher told me to write a letter .,The teacher ordered me not to play games .,The teacher asked me to pass on ,The teacher asked me not to smoke there.,Try to do this:,“It is a fine day. Lets go to the country for a picnic.” Peter said to me.,Peter said that it was a fine d
14、ay and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him.,Peter told me that it was a fine day and let us go to the country for a picnic.,感叹句,直引：主语+动词+“感叹句” 间引：主语+动词+陈述句 e.g. He said, “ what a fine day it is !” He said , “ How fine the day is !” He said what a fine day it was . He said how fine th
15、e day was . He exclaimed that it was a fine day.,特别提醒,1. 间接感叹句的动词应该是cry 或exclaim 。 2. 可以仍用what，how 等词，语序不变，也可以用that 从句，把动词 say 改为cry，shout，exclaim 等。,1.He said to Tom, “Dont do the work any more.”,He told Tom not to do the work any more.,Practice,2.Mrs. Green said, “Please sing us a song, Miss White
16、.”3. “Be quiet, children.” said Mrs. Wilson.,Mrs. Green asked Miss White to sing them a song.,Mrs. Wilson told the children to be quiet.,4. All the people cried, “What magnificent clothes these are!”,All the people cried what magnificent clothes these were.,Summary of Requests and Commands,Lend me y
17、our book, please. Open the door, please.,Could you help me with my work? Would you please come back on time? Will you go there with me?,Give me your money. Do it again.,“Come here quickly”. “Get up early”.,She told me to go there quickly. She told me to get up early.,“A asked B not to do something”“
18、A told B not to do something.”,“Will you lend me some money?” “Close the windows, please”.,She asked me to lend her some money. She asked me to close the windows.,“A asked B not to do something.”“A told B not to do something.”,In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do som
19、ething. Please look at the three sentences and tell the difference.,Command,Request,Not polite,Very polite,Open the window,Please open the window.,Would you please open the window?,2,Look at these expressions and classify them into Commands and Requests.,Correct your spelling mistakes. Please . Can
20、I sit here and wait for the doctor? How do you spell that please? Go and ! Would you please ?,Do that now! Can I please? Hold that elevator! Say that again! Would you please speak more slowly? Could you repeat the sentence? Go and buy some more petrol! Take the dog for a walk!,Read these sentences a
21、nd decide which is a command and which is a request. Then retell them in indirect speech.,The children said to their teacher: “Would you please sing a song for us?” The mother said to her child: “Turn off the radio!” The dentist said to a patient: “Open your mouth please, so I can see the bad tooth
22、clearly.”,R,C,R,The children asked their teacher to sing a song for them.,The mother told her child to turn off the radio.,The dentist asked his/her patient to open his/her mouth so that he/she could see the bad tooth clearly.,3,The secretary said to the woman on the phone: “Could you hold on for a
23、minute?” John said to his classmate: “Can I borrow your pen please?” The teacher said to his student: “Come up to my office! ”,R,R,C,The secretary asked the woman on the phone to hold on for a minute or two.,John asked his classmate if he could borrow his pen,The teacher told his/her student to come
24、 up to his/her office,Make some dialogues using commands and requests and retell them in indirect speech.,A bear is moving towards a boy. What do you say to the boy to make sure that he is not hurt? An English teacher is telling her students what they must do for homework. A student cannot hear the
25、teacher very clearly. What should he say to his classmate to find out what to do?,4,S1: Stand still! Dont move! S2: Whats the matter? S1: Dont get excited but theres a bear behind you! S2: Oh help! What should I do? S1: Stay still and the bear will move away. Yes, hes doing that. Its OK. You can rel
26、ax now!,Simple dialogue for situation one,A man saw a bear coming towards a boy. He wanted the boy to stand still and not move. The boy was puzzled and wondered what was wrong. The man told him that a bear was coming up behind him but that he was not to get excited.,Situation one in indirect speech,
27、T: Now listen to me. This is your homework for tonight. I would be grateful if you brought it to me as first thing tomorrow morning. S1: Whats that she said? Please help me. I couldnt hear her properly. S2: The teacher said that this was our homework and we must finish by tomorrow morning. S1: Thank
28、 you. I couldnt have managed without your help.,Simple dialogue for situation two,The teacher gave the class some homework and asked them to give it to her the following morning. One boy said he could not hear her clearly and asked his classmate to tell him what she had said. The classmate repeated the teachers instructions and the boy was grateful to him.,Situation one in indirect speech,Assignment,1. Try to remember the rules of direct and indirect speech. 2. Finish the exercises on WB. 3. Prepare for the next class.,