1、Unit 5 First Aid 第一部分About the topic and the structures单元话题和结构本单元的话题是 First aid/急救，学习各种情形下的急救常识；单元句法项目是“省略” 。教学设计在单元课时划分上与课本保持一致，即“阅读课、知识课、运用课三课时/三课型划分” 。但在实际教学过程中，我们建议教师依据学生基础、教学条件、学校安排的因素，对课本、对教学设计重新划分课时、裁剪、拼接使用我们提供的材料，以便“物尽所用” ，达到最佳教学效果。教师也可以参照我们提出的“实际教学过程课时划分建议”进行教学。Period 1Reading 阅读课Warming Up
2、 部分教师可以选择 Warming up by describing, Warming up by discussing 或者 Warming up by talking about first aid situations 形式激发背景知识、为其后的阅读作好词语、结构和心理的准备。教师可补充：急救电话：火警台 119，报警台 110，医疗急救台 120， 邻居电话号码，辖区内派出所的电话号码，附近医院的电话号码，熟悉的医生的电话号码。Pre-reading 学生看图回答 “家庭急救”方面的问题，如“煤气泄露急救”：首先关闭液化器的总阀门,然后打开窗户和门,让空气流通,此其间禁止任何烟火,迅速
3、打电话给相关部门,请求排除液化器的故障。Reading 是篇说明文，简要说明了生活中常见的烧伤及急救现象，引导学生从形式和内容两方面阅读文本，提高对说明文文体的认识，同时了解急救常识：小面积的 I、II 度烧伤，可用清洁的冷水浸泡或用自来水冲洗 30 分钟至 1 小时，冲洗后创面涂烧伤膏或消炎药膏。如皮肤已破，不要随便冲洗，应去医院包扎。面积较大的烧伤，在现场进行简单的急救处理后应尽快送医院治疗。Period 2Learning about language 知识课Learning about language 第一部分是词法训练，强化学生对本单元重点词汇、短语的掌握和实用；第二部分是句法训练
4、，进一步强化学生对英语“省略”现象的理解和运用。Period 3Using language运用课Using language 重点是阅读“英雄少年受到表彰” ，拓展对“急救”的认识；“听、说、写”部分依然围绕“急救”展开。口语、书面语部分设计了一个看图说、写“急救”的情景。实际教学过程课时划分建议Period 1 将 Warming Up、 Pre-reading、Reading 和 Comprehending 整合在一起上一节“阅读课” 。Period 2 将 Learning about language 和 Workbook 中的 USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
5、、USING STRUCTURES 整合在一起上一节“语言知识课” 。Period 3 将 Using language 设计为一节包括听说读写单项技能或组合技能训练的“综合技能课（一） ”。Period 4 将 Workbook 的 READING AND LISTENING 和 TALKING 整合在一起上一节“听说课” 。Period 5 将 Workbook 的 LISTENING TASK、READING AND WRITING TASK和 SPEAKING TASK 整合为一节“综合技能课（二） ”。第二部分教学资源说明Section 1Background 背景围绕单元话题“急救
6、”我们提供了若干实用性背景材料。这些材料既可以作为教师教学参考材料为教师所用，也可以直接或改写、重组后作为课堂内外的拓展性阅读材料呈现给学生。Section 2Explanation解析重点针对“阅读课型”中的课文难句，我们提供了详尽的，就句论句的解析和翻译，并且以解析的焦点话题为线索，进行了一定的归纳、辨析和总结，以帮助教师更好地实施“语言形式”的教学。Section 3Vocabulary词汇按照课本单元词汇表顺序，我们重点提供动词、短语搭配的讲解。所提供的例句，经典、地道、实用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教学。第三部分教学测评说明围绕单元词法、句法项目，我们提供了长短不一的“单元教学测评”
7、，并备有参考答案供教师使用。有些测评题目直接源于历年高考试卷，更具有说服力和实用性。Part 1 Teaching Design第一部分 教学设计Period 1 A sample lesson plan for reading(FIRST AID FOR BURNS)IntroductionIn this period, after the warming up, students will first be guided to read First aid for burns by means of reading aloud to the recording, reading and u
8、nderlining, reading to identify the main idea of the text, reading and transferring information, reading and understanding difficult words, reading to decide on the type of writing and summary of the idea and making a diagram of the text FIRST AID FOR BURNS. To end the period students will be answer
9、ing the questions. Three “Warming Up” designs are presented in this book for teachers reference. Computer and overhead projector may be used to aid the teaching and learning. Objectives To help students learn to give instructions To help students learn to read an exposition about first aid To help s
10、tudents better understand “saving life” To help students learn use some important words and expressions To help students identify examples of “Ellipsis ” in the textFocusWords aid, burn, poison, iron, swell, damage, squeeze, present Expressions fall ill, squeeze out, in place, a number of Patterns T
11、hird degree burns are black and white and charred.Take clothing off the burns area unless it is stuck to the burn. Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.Do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected. It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that s
12、aved Ms Slades life. A knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. AidsMultimedia facilities, tape-recorder, photos, diagrams 1. Warming up Warming up by describingGood morning, class. Today we are going to read about FIRST AID FOR BURNS. Then whats first aid is and why is it important?Keys f
13、or reference: First aid is the first kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly will save ones life.Now turn to page 33, look at the pictures. W
14、hat has happened in each picture? Keys for reference: 1 A snake has bitten him on his leg.2 She has cut her arm with some broken glass and is bleeding badly.3 He has badly sprained his ankle.4 She is choking on a piece of food.5 She has broken her arm.6 He has a bleeding nose/a nose bleed.Warming up
15、 by discussingHi, every one. Have you been in any of the emergency situations? Did you or someone else give help then? If so, what kind of help? When you are involved in the emergency situations, what kind of first aid should you need or give? Think it over, and then give us your answers.Keys: If th
16、e bite or scratch wound is bleeding, apply pressure to the area with a clean bandage or towel until the bleeding stops. If available, use clean latex or rubber gloves to protect yourself from exposure to blood.Warming up by talking about first aid situationsMedical emergencies dont occur every day.
17、But when they do, information can help you deal with these situations. Then in what situations do we need to offer or receive first aid?Animal bites, Burns, Chemical burns, Chemical splash in the eye, Chest pain, Choking(窒息), Cuts and scrapes(擦伤), Dislocation(脱臼), Electrical burns, Electrical shock,
18、 Fainting(昏晕,), Foreign(异质的) object in the ear, in the eye, in the nose etc. Foreign object inhaled(吸入), Foreign object swallowed, Head pain, Heart attack, Heatstroke(中暑), Motion sickness, Nosebleeds, Poisoning(中毒), Severe bleeding, Snakebites 2. Pre-reading by looking and sayingWork in pairs. Look
19、at the picture on page 33, at the bottom of right corner, and tell us what has happened in the picture. What sort of injuries will the child have? What first aid treatment would you give in this situation?Keys for reference: The child has pulled boiling water onto herself. She will have bad burns.3.
20、 ReadingReading aloud to the recordingNow please listen and read aloud to the recording of the text FIRST AID FOR BURNS. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence. I will play the tape twice and you shall read aloud twice, too.Reading and underliningNext you
21、 are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them into your notebook and write a short passage, making use of them after class as homework.Collocations from FIRST AID FOR BURNSthree layers of skin, protectagainst, the suns harmful rays, get burned, the t
22、reatment of burns, causes of burns, hot liquids, first degree burns, the top layer, mild sunburn, by touching a hot pan, take a few weeks to heal, third degree burns, under the skin, electric shocks, burning clothes, severe injuries, get to a hospital, characteristics of burns, around edge of injure
23、d area, first aid treatment, take clothing off the burned area, stick to, the burning process, squeezeout, break blisters, get infected, in place, cause infection, if possibleReading to identify the main idea of the textRead the title of the text and the headings within it. Tell us what the main ide
24、a of the text is and how the information is organized.Keys: It is about first aid for burns and the information is organized according to causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns.Reading and transferring informationRead the text again to answer the questions. a. How is the in
25、formation organized within the headings of Types of burns and Characteristics of burns?b. Why is the information numbered under the heading of Fist aid treatment?Reading and understanding difficult wordsRead the text with a partner and underline any words you are not sure about. Try your best to gue
26、ss the meaning of these words. If no one can give the correct meaning, you can look up the dictionary.Reading to decide on the type of writing and summary of the ideaType of writing This is a quick-reference writing.Main idea of the passageIt is about first aid for burns and the information is organ
27、ized according to causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns.8. Closing down by taking a quiz Fill in the blank with one word to complete the summary of the text.First Aids For First-Degree BurnsRemove the child from the 1_ source. Remove clothing from the 2 _ area immediately.
28、 Run cool (not cold) water 3 _ the burned area (if water isnt available, any 4 _, drinkable fluid can be used) or 5 _ a clean, cold compress on the burn for approximately 3 6 _ 5 minutes (do not use ice, as 7 _ may cause the burn to take longer to heal). Do 8 _ apply butter, grease, powder, or any o
29、ther 9 _ to the burn, as these increase the risk 10 _ infection. If the burned area is 11 _, loosely cover it with a sterile gauze pad 12 _ bandage. Give your child acetaminophen 13 _ ibuprofen for pain. If the area affected is 14 _ (the size of a quarter or smaller), keep the area 15 _ and continue
30、 to use cool compresses 16 _ a loose dressing over the next 24 hours. 17 _ can also apply antibiotic cream two to three 18 _ a day, although this isnt First aid: an important step in the treatment of burnspart 1Causes of burns: Hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicals Par
31、t 2Types of burns: First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burns Part 3Characteristics of burns: First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burns Part 4First aid treatment Part 5Key for reference: a. The information is organized according to the types of burns: first degree,
32、 second degree and third degree burns. b. The numbers indicate the steps you should take to treat a burn, in the order that they should happen.absolutely necessary.(Keys: 1 heat 2 burned 3 over 4 cold 5 hold 6 to 7 it 8 not 9 remedies 10 of 11 small 12 or 13 or 14 small 15 clean 16 and 17 You 18 tim
33、es)Work out the word and structure questions.1. Try to put _ the fire as soon as possible. A: away B: up C: off D: down2. Loosen all the tight clothing and _ clothing on or near the burnt area. A: get B: take C: carry D: remove 3. Avoid pollution of burn wound and _ the burned person in comfort dres
34、sing him inClean laundry sheets. A: remain B: stay C: ask D: keep4. Put ice pack or cloth soaked in ice water onto the burned part and _ them often.A: change B: do C: attend D: make 5. It is not right to _ the burn if it is a third degree burn. A: brush B: wash C: dry D: blow (Keys: CDDAB)Answer the
35、 questions.Why should you put cold water on a burn?Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and reduces the swelling.Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damages. If there are no nerves, there is no pain.Why do you think clothes and jewelry near burns should be removed?Because bacteria from the clothes and jewelry could infect the burns.If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?Because all the layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.