1、英语复习专题 It的用法,it是常见代词之一，它既可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还能作形式主语或形式宾语，同时可以引起强调结构，是历年高考热点之一。现结合高考试题对其用法作一介绍。,一、用来表示时间、天气、地点、距离、环境、形势等。例如： It is two miles to the beach. (Oxford) 这里到海滨有两英里。 It was raining in the morning. (Oxford) 今天早晨下着雨。 If its convenient I can see you tomorrow. (Oxford) 如果方便，我明天能见你。,it表示时间常用于句型： 1、
2、It is/has been一段时间since 从句。意为“自以来已有多长时间了”或“自不以来已有多长时间了”。例如：,1）It is/has been many years since I was last in London. 自从我上次到伦敦，已经有许多年了。 2）Its a long time since we met last. 自从我们上次见面以来已经有很长一段时间了。,2、It is/ was/ will be + 一段时间 + before 从句。表示“在（做某事）前过了多长时间”，或“过了多长时间才”。如： But it _more than 100 years before
3、 the country begins once again to look as it did before. 但是在100年之后，这个国家才能恢复到以前的样子。,will be,二、用来指代人。说明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代婴儿或儿童；在不清楚某人性别时，也可使用 it，尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如： 1. -Look, someone is coming. Who can it be?-It may be the headmaster.-It cant be him. He has gone to Shanghai.-It must be Mr. Zhang. He looks
4、like the headmaster.,2. _Doctor Stone, isnt it? Shes usually good. That is B. It is C. This is D. She is 3. -Is that Doctor Stone? -Yeah. -Who is _? A. this B. that C. she D. it,三、用来指代前文中的内容，或指代整个主句。如： Take your pound of flesh! I declare the court allows it and the law gives it to you. 割下你要的那一磅肉吧！我宣
5、布法庭允许你这么做，法律把那一磅肉判给你了。,2. If it is possible, hod up the part of the body which is bleeding. 如果可能的话，就把出血的部位抬起来。 3. I was disappointed with the film ，I had expected _ to be much betterAthat Bthis Cone Dit,4. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, _ didnt help. he B. which C. she D. b
6、ut it 5. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. how to deal with it C. what to do with it D. to do what with,6. The Parkers bought a new house, _will need a lot of work before they can move in. Abut that Bbut it Cone Dwhich 7. I love swi
7、mming, _ keeps me fit. and it B. which C. it D. as 8. They said they had finished the work, but_. I cant believe it B. what I cant believe C. which I cant believe D. I dont believe,四、在一些相对固定的词组中出现，没有特殊含义，经常不翻译。如： Hes never really made it as an actor. (Oxford) 作为演员，他从未获得过真正的成功。It is my turn 轮到我了。 3.
8、Thats just it-I cant work when youre making so much noise. (Oxford) 原因就在这儿-你们这么吵，我没法工作。,4. _. Ive got so much work I dont know where to start. What an awful! B. Its awful! C. That was awful! D. As is awful, 5. _with you? _ Very well, thank you. What is going on B. How is it going C. How is everythin
9、g going D. What is up,五、指代不定式、动名词、从句等，用作形式主语或形式宾语。如： _ always difficult to be in a foreign country, especially if you dont speak the language. That is always B. It is always C. It will be always D. That will always be,2. We must make _ to the public that something should be done to stop pollution. W
10、hat is clear B. it is clear C. It clear D. that clear 3. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them,4. _ one day they will have enough animals to set them free.It is hoped for B. what is hoped that C. As is hoped that D. It is hoped that 5. _ inside his heart wa
11、s beating wildly with fear. A. It appeared calm but B. He appeared calm, but C. What appeared calm was D. It was appeared calm, but,用 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句型主要有: It + be + adj./ n. (for sb./of sb ) + to do sth. It + be + fun/ a waste of time/ no good/ no use doing sth. It be过去分词that从句 It be形容词 that从句 5、It
12、be名词（词组）that从句,Is it possible necessary to tell his father everything? In fact it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.I dont think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.How silly of you it is to have done it!,It + be + adj./ n. (for s
13、b./of sb ) + to do sth.,注意： 该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此时用for； 表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever， careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful， grateful等，这时要用 of。,It + be + fun/ a waste of time/ no good/ no use doing sth. _ to jump into a
14、river on a hot summer day! How fun it is B. What fun it is C. What fun of it is D. What a fun it is,It is no use crying over spilt milk. 谚 牛奶已泼，哭也无用。,It be过去分词that从句 It is said, reported, announced, hoped, thought，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested, known + that 从句 该句型通常可以转换成sb/sth is said tha
15、t 如： It is said that the book was translated into many languages in 1950. The book is said to have been translated into many languages in 1950.,It be形容词 that从句 可用于此句型的形容词还有wonderful， true，good，right，wrong，important ，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lucky，certain等。 如： 1）It is quite certain that he wi
16、ll not make a speech at the meeting. 2）It is important that we (should) study hard.,5、It be名词（词组）that从句。 适用该句型的名词（词组）还有a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，good news等。 如： 1）It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week. 2）_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an inter
17、national language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,6、It seem appear happen的适当形式that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。如： 1）It seems that there is a big waste pipe coming down from the town. There seems to be a big waste pipe coming down from the town.,2）He appeared calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly wit
18、h fear. It appeared that he was calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.,7、It doesnt matter（Its no wonder；It doesnt make too much difference等） when/ where/ which/ whether 等从句。如：1）Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it,2）They are all classmates_ is
19、 no wonder _ they should help each other with their studies. AThis；whether BIt；if CThat；that DIt；that,8、S. + v. it + adj. / n./ + 不定式或从句。 常用于这一句型的动词有 find, consider, feel, make, think 等。如： 1）he found it important to study the situation in Russia. 2）I want to make it clear whether she is still at sch
20、ool.,3）I feel it our duty to study English well. 4）I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it,1. Was it Bill, _ plays football well, _ helped the blind man cross the road. that/that B. who/that C. who/who C. that/who,六、it 用来引起强调句型,Who
21、引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰Bill; that 指代被强调部分Bill.,2. It was in the school, _ I once studied, _we held a party. 正是在我曾经就读的那所学校我们举行了一次聚会. where/that B. in which/ that C. that/where D.that/in which,where I once studied 非限定性定语从句修饰school。,3. It was in the 1990s, _ great changes were taking place in china, _he made a
22、lot of money. 正是在中国发生着巨大变化的二十世纪九十年代,他挣了大把的钞票. that /when B. during which/that C. when/that D. that/that,强调部分in the 1990s 后跟了一个非限定性定语从句。,4. -Where did you meet him? -It was in the park _ his wife and he first met. A. that B. where C. in which D. when,这是个强调举行的省略句，完整句子是：It was in the park where his wif
23、e and he first met that I met him.,4. -Do you still remember _ you lost your wallet?-Yeah. It was at the crossing _ I got lost. where was it/ that B. where was it/that C. The place where/where D. where it was that/where,第一个空是强调句型用作宾语从句；第二空where引导定语从句，后边省略了that lost my wallet.,5. It was five oclock i
24、n the afternoon _ they climbed up to the top of the mountain Asince Bwhen Cthat Duntil,five oclock in the afternoon不能独立作时间状语，不能作为一个强调部分；at five oclock才可以构成独立的时间状语。,6. -Can it _ the manager that talked to your brother?-No. It _ someone else that spoke to your brother. be/must have been B. have been/
25、must have been C. have been/must be D. be/ must be,这是强调句型表示判断的用法，对过去情况推测、判断。,1. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires,综合练习,It 在此作形式主语，实际宾语为that you should .,2. Catherine bo
26、ught a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed _ to _ and then posted it at the nearby post office. A. it; her B. it; herself C. herself; her D. herself; herself,addressed it to herself, it 代指the postcard; 意思是“在明信片上写上自己的地址寄给她自己。,3. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to loo
27、k after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it,It 为形式宾语，指代不定式to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.,4. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. What B. That C. This D. It,It 形式主语指代that i
28、mprovements in health care will lead to a stronger,5. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you,It 为形式宾语，指代if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.,6. I dont like working late into the night， but I cant help _. A. so B. that C.
29、it D. them.,I can help it. 为习惯用法，意思是“我实在控制不住”，“这不能怪我”。全句意思是“我不想熬夜，但我控制不住自己。,7. I prefer a flat in Inverness to _ in Perth, because I want to live near my Moms. A. one B. that C. it D. this,One不定代词，指代a flat in Perth。全句的意思是：我更在 Inverness有一套房子，而不是在Perth，因为我想住在我妈妈附近。,8. Weve been looking at houses but h
30、avent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. what,考查不定代词的用法。one 指代 a house; what we like我们喜欢的东西，指房子。,9. The doctor advised strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. it B. she C. which D. he,It 指代前文中的事情。,10. Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious _ th
31、an mobile phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those,Ones 指的是前边的problems, far more serious ones than mobile phones do 是前边health problems 的同位语, 对health problems 进行补充说明。,11. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _ couldnt spare me even one minute. A. they B. one C. who D. it,从句子结构
32、上，可排除选项C；从代词的意义上可排除D；根据前半句的意思，句中的a friend指任意一个朋友，可理解为a friend 0f mine而后半句意指“我”这些朋友们，为复数。,12. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one,it是形式宾语，在句中无实意，只是指代句子后面现象：天气晴朗。,13. -Do you like _ here -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything i
33、s so nice. A. this B. these C. that D. it,it在这里作形式宾语，无实际意义。而A、B、C须指代具体的东西。,14. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood we had. A. it B. one C. himself D. another,由题意可知，因为我们需要一个新的，所以Peter就做了一个新的。one表前面提到的同一类人或物，it则指同一物，another指在原来的基础上另外的。,15. -Your coffee smells great
34、 ! -Its from Mexico. Would you like _ A. it B. some C. this D. little,根据上下句排除选项C、D；选项A表示上文所谈到事物的整个或全部，选项B表示上句所谈事物的部分。,16. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _ I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what,one指代moment作同位语，解释是一个永远珍惜的时刻。I will always treasure是定语从句，作one的定语，省略了关系代词which或that。译文：多年后与我叔叔的会面是一个难忘的时刻，一个我将永远珍惜的时刻。,17. -He was nearly drown once. -When was _ -_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school. A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This,用that指代上文提到的事，避免了重复；it指代时间。,