1、Unit 1 The Changing World词汇精讲精练【词汇精讲】1. take place(1) take place 意为“举行,进行” 。例如：The football game will take place tomorrow. 足球比赛明天举行。(2) take place 还有“发生；产生”之意。例如：Great changes have taken place in China. 中国已经发生了巨大的变化。【拓展】辨析：take place 与 happen(1) take place 表示“发生、举行、举办” ，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生” ，即这种事件的发生一定有某种
2、原因或事先的安排。例如：When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行？(2) happen 作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。例如：What happened to you? 你发生了什么事？(一般不说：What did you happen?)【注意】happen 与 take place 通常都没有被动语态。2. by the wayby the way 意为“顺便说一下” 。在句中作插入语，用逗号隔开。例如：By the way，have you seen Harry recently？顺便说一句，你最近见过哈里吗？【拓展】(1) in
3、 the way 意为“挡路” 。例如：Sorry, you are in the way. 对不起，你挡路了。(2) in this way 意为“用这种方法” 。例如：In this way，he has collected a great many stamps。用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票。(3) on the way 意为“在去某地的路上” 。例如：On the way to the station，I bought some chocolate。在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。(4) in a way 从某种意义上说。例如：In a way，it is an important bo
4、ok。在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。3. take part in take part in 意为“参加” ，常指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用。take part in 之后接名词或动名词。例如：I didnt take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill. 我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。Everyone can take part in gardening. 每个人都可以参加到园艺活动中来。【拓展】join 是动词，意为“加入” 。指加入某一党派、组织或社会团体，
5、以及参军等，并成为其中一员。其后常出现 club, army, team, group 以及人称代词宾格等。例如：join the swimming club 参加游泳俱乐部join the army 参军 join us 加入到我们的行列4. enough（1）enough 是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的” ，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面。例如：The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。（2）enough 还可作副词，意为“足够的” ，
6、这时 enough 需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。【拓展】（1）There be enough“有足够的” 。例如：There arent enough seats for all the people to sit down. 没有足够的座位能让所有的人坐下。（2）enoughto do sth. “有足够的做某事” 。例如：I dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。（3）enough t
7、o do可以同 tooto或 sothat结构互相转换。例如：He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上学。5. fewfew 为形容词，意为“不多，很少” ，只能与可数名词搭配，表示“几乎没有” ，自身有否定含义。也常与不定冠词 a 组成词组 a few，表示“有一点” ，有肯定含义。例如：He has few friends. 他几乎没朋友。May I ask a few questions
8、? 我可以问几个问题吗？【拓展】辨析：few/a few; little/a little(1) few/a few 只能用来修饰可数名词，few 表示否定，意为“没有，几乎没有” ；a few 表示肯定，意为“有几个，有一些” 。例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。(2) little/a little 只能用来修饰不可数名词，little 表示否定，意为“没有，几乎没有” ；a little 表示肯定，意为“有一点，有一些”
9、 。例如：There is little ink in my bottle,can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？6. succeedsucceed 表示“成功” ，是不及物动词； succeed 后通常接 in doing sth，表示做某事做成功了。例如：His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。【拓展】(1) su
10、ccess 表示抽象意义的“成功” ，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如：Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。His new book was a great success.他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。(2) successful 作形容词，意为“成功的” 。例如：The performance was successful. 演出很成功。It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。7. everever 是副词，意为“曾经，总是，在任何时候” 。其用法如下：(1) 用于肯
11、定句中，表示“曾经，总是” ，加强语气。例如：He is ever repeating the same words.他总是重复同样的话。(2) 用于一般疑问句、否定句或条件从句中，表示“曾经，从来，在任何时候” 。例如：Do you ever wish you were rich? 你曾经希望自己很富有吗？(3) 用在特殊疑问词之后，加强语气，含“究竟、到底”之意。例如：Where ever do you want to go? 你究竟想去哪里？(4) 用于比较级中，置于 than 之后，表示“以前，以往” 。例如：Its raining harder than ever. 雨比以前下得更大
12、了。【拓展】already; ever 与 yet 的辨析：(1) already 是副词，意为“已经” ，与现在完成时连用，通常用于肯定句。例如：I have already seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影了。(2) ever 是副词，意为“曾经” 。常与现在完成时连用，还可用于疑问句、否定句、比较级和最高级之后。例如：Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾经去过北京吗？My younger brother studied harder than ever. 我弟弟比以前学习更用功了。(3) yet 是副词，意为“已经” ，与现在完成时连用，用于疑
13、问句或否定句中，通常置于句末，也可以与 not 连用。not yet 常用来简略回答完成时态的一般疑问句，意为“还没有” 。例如： Has the train started yet? 火车已经开了吗？ Not yet. 还没有。8. population population 意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：China has a quarter of the worlds population. 中国人口占世界人口的四分之一。【拓展】(1) 当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the populati
14、on of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词” 。例如：The population of London is over ten million. =London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。(2) population 可与 large，small 搭配，但不能与 many，few 搭配。例如：The city with its large population has become crowded.这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。(3) 询问人口数量常用 wh
15、at 或 how large。例如：Whats the population of the city? =How large is the population of the city?这个城市有多少人口？(4) population 前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：One half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。9. offer(1) 作动词，意为“给予，提供(有主观上愿意供给的意思)” 。例如：He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给
16、我一杯酒。(2) 作动词，意为“愿意，试图(做某事)；提议” ；后面一般加动词不定式。例如：They offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。The boy offered to pay for the desk he had broken.那男孩主动提出赔偿被他弄坏的桌子。(3) offer 作动词，还有“出价，给工资”的意思。例如：We offered him the calculator for $50. 这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。【拓展】(1) offer 作名词，意为“提供（物） ；给予（物） ；提议” 。例如：Thank you for your offer
17、 of help.感谢你想给予帮助的提议。(2) 作名词，意为“出价；报价” 。例如：Ive had an offer of $20000 for that house.有人向我出价 20000 美元买那房子。10. because because 意为“因为” ，表示直接原因。它所指的原因通常是听话人所不知道的，其语气最强。常用来回答 why 的提问，一般放于主句之后，也可以单独存在。例如：I stayed at home because it rained. 因为下雨我待在家里。Because Lingling was ill, she didnt come to school. 玲玲因病
18、没有上学。 Why is she absent? 她为什么缺席? Because she is sick. 因为她病了。【拓展】because 和 because of 的辨析：because of 和 because 是同义词，都可以表示原因，because 是连词，其后接句子；because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。例如：I didnt buy it because it was too expensive. 我没有买是因为它太贵了。He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。He knew she
19、 was crying because of what he had said. 他知道她哭是因为他说的话。11. manage(1) 作及物动词，意为“管理；经营；负责” 。例如：I dont think its her shop; I think she just manages it. 我认为这不是她的商店，她只是负责管理而已。(2)作及物动词，意为“控制；对付；照管” 。例如：The girl is good at managing her money. 这个女孩善于理财。You couldnt manage the difficult case; youd better ask yo
20、ur parents for help. 你对付不了这件难办的事，你最好叫你的父母帮助你。(3) 作及物动词，意为“达到；做成（某事） ”，常与 can，could，be able to 连用。例如：I havent been learning French for long, so I can only manage a few words. 我学法语的时间不长，所以只能凑合着说几句。Despite his disappointment, he was able to manage a smile. 尽管他很失望，可还是强颜欢笑。(4) 作不及物动词，意为“设法（终于）完成（某件困难的事）
21、”，其后通常接不定式。例如：Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport?你认为你能给我弄到护照吗？We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow. 无论如何，我们最终得到了我们想要的。【拓展】辨析：try to do 与 manage to dotry to do 意为“尽力做某事” ，但是不一定做成。manage to do 则表示“设法做某事而且成功了” 。例如：He managed to pass the examination. = He succeeded in passing the exa
22、mination. 他成功地通过了考试。The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way. 猎人设法逃出森林，但他迷路了。12. support(1) support 用作动词，意为“支撑、负担重量” 。例如：Is the bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries?这个大桥是足够结实支撑重的货车吗？(2) support 用作动词，意为“养(家)；维持(生活)；负担(费用)等” 。例如：Its difficult for him to support himself
23、on such a small salary.对他来说用这么低的薪水养家很困难。Air, food and water are necessary to support life.空气、食物和水是维持生命的必需品。They encouraged me, and they supported me with money. 他们不仅鼓励我，而且给我金钱上的支持。 (3) support 用作动词，还表示“支持，赞成” 。例如：His family supported him in his decision.他的家庭支持他的决定。(4) in support of 支持，证明。例如：He spoke
24、 in support of the plan.他发言支持这项计划。【拓展】(1) support 用作不可数名词，意为“帮助；支持；支援；援助” 。例如：We hope to continue to have her close support and friendship. 我们希望她能继续大力支持，并能与她维持亲密友谊。(2) support 用作不可数名词，意为“(通常指政府的)赞助，资助” 。例如：The government agreed to cut agricultural support by only about 15%. 政府同意仅削减约 15%的农业拨款。13.enco
25、urage sb. to do sth.encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事” 。例如：The teacher often encourages us to study hard. 老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。My mother encouraged me to enter the contest. 妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。【拓展】(1) encourage sb. in sth. 意为“在方面鼓励/助长某人” 。例如：Dont encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。(2) encouragement 是 encourage
26、的名词形式，意为“鼓舞/鼓励” 。例如：The teachers words were a great encouragement to him. 老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。14. according toaccording to 意为“根据” ，后接名词或代词。主要用来表示“根据”某学说、某书刊、某文件、某人所说等或表示“按照”某法律、某规定、某惯例、某情况等。例如： Everything went off according to plan. 一切都按照计划实现了。 According to my watch it is five oclock. 照我的表，现在是5点钟。 Each man
27、 will be paid according to his ability. 每个人将根据他的能力获得报酬。 【拓展】according as意为“根据” “随而定” ，后接从句。但是，对于那些由 what, which, whether, how, when, where等引导的句子，其前要用according to，不用according as。例如： You will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad. 根据你工作的好坏，你会得到表扬或批评。 He is an honest businessman, a
28、ccording to what everyone says. 根据大家所说，他是位诚实的商人。 The amount of tax people pay varies according to where they live. 居住地不同，人们所交的税额也各不相同。 【词汇精练】I. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.China has developed a lot because of our countrys one-child p_.2.China has the largest p_ in the world. Its 1.3 billion.3.Well take m_ to h
29、elp you with your English.4.This is a good shop. It brings us e_ service.5.Project Hope is a s_ service program to help poor students.6.As a m_ of fact, she didnt know the thing at all.7.Kates mother has gone a_. She is in New York now.8.Keep working hard, and you will s_ some day.9.Peter o_ to teac
30、h them water-skiing.10. Somehow, he has m to buy one ticket for his friend.II. 根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 （一词可多用）live, develop, spend, byIn the past, China was very poor. It has 1 more quickly in recent years. With the 2 of China, what changes will take place 3 2050? Now we have some modern factories. The
31、y can produce products with high quality(质 量 ). And some people are looking for better ways4free time. They want 5 a happy life. So catching up with the changes of the world is a great challenge for the young people.1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._III. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1._ (thank) to that job I became an active re
32、ader. 2. I have been to Hong Kong _ (one).3. There are some less _ (develop) countries in Africa.4. Chinas economy is _ (increase) rapidly.5. Have you spent the whole day _ (consider) it?6. I _ (grow) up in the countryside.7. How do you (manage)keep the place so tidy?8. Running can help you keep _ (
33、health).9. Shell make a good actress, if she gets the right _ (train). 10. He bought me records _ (encourage) my liking for music.IV. 根据句意，用所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。little, succeed in, difficult, already, keep in touch with 1.Kangkang has _ gone home.2.The Great Green Wall has _ controlling sandstorms (沙尘暴).3
34、.I have some _ in learning English.4.It can be a good idea to a parent you see less often because of distance. 5.Some parents in _ developed areas prefer boys to girls.take place , homeless, according to, get used to, in need6.Its reported that there is a wonderful program to help _ people return to
35、 work.7.Where did the accident ? 8.They both played the game _ the rules.9.Sooner or later I think you will _ working here.10.A friend _ is a friend in deed.【参考答案】I.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1.policy2.population 3.measures 4.excellent 5.social6.matter 7.abroad 8.succeed 9.offered 10.managedII.根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式
36、填空。1.developed 2.development/developing 3.by 4.to spend 5.to liveIII. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1. Thanks 2.once 3.developed 4.increasing 5.considering6. grew 7.manage to 8. healthy 9. training 10. to encourageIV.根据句意，用所给单词或词组的适当形式填空。1. already 2.succeeded in 3.difficulties 4.keep in touch with5.less6. homeles
37、s 7.take place8.according to9.get used to 10.in needV. 听力链接。听力材料及答案：1. Park 2. bike 3. 8:30 4. gate 5. apples听独白，记录关键信息。独白读两遍。( di du answering machine says)M: Hello, this is Bill. Im not at home at the moment. Please leave a message when theres a need. Thank you.W: Hello, Bill. This is Mary. Im cal
38、ling to remind you were going to the Rose Mountain Park to have our school picnic tomorrow. The park is not so far, so well go by bike. Thats to say, we can enjoy the beautiful scenes along the way. Mr. Brown will be waiting for us at 8:30 in front of our school gate. Make sure that you come on time
39、! He doesnt like being late! By the way, dont forget to take the game book and some apples with you. Well play some interesting apple games there. I hope our team will win! Its important for us to win this time because we wont have another chance to beat the others in this term! See you tomorrow morning, then.