1、2024年北京市高考英语模拟试卷（7）第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As a biologist and photographer, I always take my camera everywhere to take pictures of wild animals. One day, I was standing on a boat when a very large female leopard seal(海豹) sw
2、am by. I put on my diving equipment and grabbed my 1 . I was frightened because she was so big. My mouth was dry, and I couldnt even 2 . But I knew it was time to 3 this mysterious creature.I jumped into the freezing water. Immediately, the seal swam towards me. Then she put my entire camera and muc
3、h of my head into her mouth. Thinking this must be a sign of 4 , I decided to stay very calm. Although the seal was showing me her teeth, I tried not to 5 any fear. She did it a few more times, and then swam away. To my 6 , she came back with a live penguin. And she even showed me how to eat it. The
4、n she pushed the penguin into my camerashe thought the camera was my mouth!Being a biologist, I understood that she was trying to 7 me. But I thought that she was really trying to communicate with me. At this point, she didnt seem very 8 . She stayed by me and took care of me for four days.I got man
5、y amazing pictures during those four days. And, more importantly, Ive learned that animals do not always behave the way we 9 . I believe the 10 experience I had with this powerful and intelligent animal will stay with me forever.1AknifeBbagCcameraDgun2AescapeBmakeCmoveDfight3AapproachBadoptCimagineD
6、rescue4ArespectBsympathyCrewardDthreat5AconfirmBexposeCovercomeDreduce6AsatisfactionBregretCsurpriseDsorrow7AfeedBcomfortCattackDassess8AreliableBdangerousCsensitiveDambitious9AadmireBpromiseCdemandDexpect10AconfusingBsimilarCincredibleDbitter【答案】1C 2C 3A 4D 5B 6C 7A 8B 9D 10C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者拍摄海豹的经
7、历及感悟。1考查名词词义辨析。句意：我穿上了潜水设备，拿起了照相机。A. knife刀；B. bag包；C. camera照相机；D. gun枪。根据后文的 “Then she put my entire camera and much of my head into her mouth.”可知，海豹把我的头和相机放在了他的嘴里，所以我是带着相机潜水的。故选C项。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的嘴唇发干，甚至都无法动弹的了。A. escape逃跑；B. make制作；C. move移动；D. fight斗争。根据前文的“I was frightened”可知，我看见海豹后十分害怕，一动不动地待在
8、那里。故选C项。3考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我知道，这是接近这个神秘生物的好时候。A. approach接近；B. adopt采取；C. imagine想象；D. rescue营救。根据后文的“I jumped into the freezing water.”可知，我决定跳入水里，近距离观察海豹，所以此处是接近这个海豹。故选A项。4考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为这一定是威胁的信号，所以决定保持冷静。A. respect尊重；B. sympathy同情；C. reward回报；D. threat威胁；恐吓。根据前文的“Then she put my entire camera and muc
9、h of my head into her mouth.”可知，海豹看到人类后，采取了威胁恐吓人类的做法。故选D项。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管海豹向我展示它的牙齿，但我尽力不显露出任何害怕。A. confirm确认；B. expose暴露；C. overcome克服；D. reduce减少。根据前文的“I decided to stay very calm.”可知，尽管海豹在威胁我，但我还是尽力保持冷静，不露出害怕的神情。故选B项。6考查名词词义辨析。句意：使我惊讶的是，它叼着一只活着的企鹅又回来了。A. satisfaction满足；B. regret后悔；C. surprise惊讶；D
10、. sorrow悲伤。根据后文的“she came back with a live penguin.”可知，我没有想到海豹会去而复返，还带着一只企鹅，所以当它叼着一只活着的企鹅又回来了，我很惊讶。故选C项。7考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名生物学家，我理解海豹尝试用企鹅喂我吃。A. feed喂养；B. comfort安慰；C. attack攻击；D. assess评估。根据前文的“Then she pushed the penguin into my camerashe thought the camera was my mouth!”可知，海豹把照相机当成了我的嘴，把企鹅推到了我的“嘴边”
11、，说明海豹是在喂养我，想让我吃了企鹅。故选A项。8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，它看上去似乎不那么危险了。A. reliable可靠的；B. dangerous危险的；C. sensitive多愁善感的；D. ambitious野心勃勃的。根据后文“She stayed by me and took care of me for four days.”可知，从那一刻开始，海豹开始信任我，我也不再害怕它了。故选B项。9考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我得知动物的行为并不总是我们预期的那样。A. admire钦佩；B. promise承诺；C. demand要求；D. expect预期，
12、期待；认为。根据前文“Then she put my entire camera and much of my head into her mouth.”及“Then she pushed the penguin into my camerashe thought the camera was my mouth!”可知，海豹的行为前后发生了很大的变化，一开始威胁我，后来信任了我，给我分享食物吃。说明海豹并不是像人们认为的那样可怕危险。故选D项。10考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我相信与这只强大聪慧的动物在一起的不可思议的体验将伴随我终生。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. similar相似
13、的；C. incredible难以置信的；惊人的；不可思议的；D. bitter痛苦的。根据前文“She stayed by me and took care of me for four days.”及“I got many amazing pictures during those four days. ”可知，我与海豹在一起的经历是非常美妙的，不可思议的。故选C项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Gratitude
14、 is more than just saying “thank you”. Gratitude is a deeper appreciation for someone or something. Expressing gratitude makes us feel a positive emotion. Over the past thirty years, there 11 (be) many studies showing that writing a gratitude letter to another person offers us an opportunity 12 (esc
15、ape) from negative emotions. Even if we dont share our writing with anyone, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and 13 (satisfied) with life. The more we express gratitude, the more positive we feel.【答案】11have been 12to escape 13more satisfied【导语】本文为一篇说明文。研究发现：感恩不仅仅是给人道一声“谢谢”，感
16、恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，同时也对我们的健康有好处，尤其是以写感谢信来表达感恩的这个方式，能使我们逃离负面情绪的影响。11考查时态。句意：在过去的三十年里，有许多研究表明，给别人写一封感谢信给我们提供了一个逃离负面情绪的机会。根据时间状语Over the past thirty years，句子谓语用现在完成时态，此处为there be结构，主语为many studies，为复数，故助动词用have。故填have been。12考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的三十年里，有许多研究表明，给别人写一封感谢信给我们提供了一个逃离负面情绪的机会。此处考查名词opportunity，后接动词不定式
17、作后置定语，故填to escape。13考查形容词比较等级。句意：即使我们不与任何人分享我们写的内容，完成练习的行为本身就会让我们更快乐、对生活更满意。设空处与形容词happier并列，也用比较等级，作us的宾补，故填more satisfied。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。According to China Daily, the summer of 2022 became the hottest since Chinas meteorological (气象学的) records 14 (be
18、gin). The weather forecast reported that the high temperature in some areas could reach 40, 15 (possible) breaking records. 16 (affect) by the high temperatures, some areas experienced drought and a decrease in agricultural production. People and governments should be prepared to do more to tackle c
19、limate change.【答案】14began 15possibly 16Affected【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是据中国日报报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天。14考查时态。句意：据中国日报报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天。since引导的时间状语从句中时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式began，故填began。15考查副词。句意：天气预报说，一些地区的高温可能达到40，可能会打破纪录。空格处用副词修饰动词breaking，possible的副词是possibly，意为“可能”，故填possibly。16考查非谓语动词。句意：受高温影
20、响，一些地区出现干旱，农业减产。句中谓语是experienced，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Affected。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Usually, stress is seen as being bad, but this is not always true. Eustress(积极压力)is the positive term for stress. It 17 (relate) to well-being and positiv
21、e attitudes. Eustress occurs when the gap between what one has and what one wants is 18 (slight) pushed. Eustress creates a better environment for people, which 19 (make) them perform better and cost less. Therefore, Eustress is necessary 20 achievement.【答案】17is related 18slightly 19makes 20for【导语】本
22、文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是积极压力的重要性。17考查动词。句意：它与幸福和积极的态度有关。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。句中be related to为固定短语，意为“与有关”。故填is related。18考查副词。句意：当一个人所拥有的和想要的之间的差距被略微拉大时，就会出现“良性压力”。分析句子，设空处使用slight的副词slightly作状语，意为“稍微地”。故填slightly。19考查动词。句意：良性压力为人们创造了一个更好的环境，使他们表现得更好，成本更低。分析句子，设空处使用动词作which引导定语从句的谓语动词，句子表述客观事实，故使
23、用一般现在时。which指代前文的environment，为单数。故填makes。20考查介词。句意：因此，积极压力对于取得成就是必要的。句中be necessary for为固定短语，意为“对是有必要的”。故填for。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOne of the best ways to improve our communities is through volunteer work. According to a report fr
24、om United Nations Volunteers, it is estimated that 140 million people volunteer in every nation and in a variety of settings. Forbes reports that research has shown that volunteering can greatly benefit volunteers. These benefits include an increased sense of productivity, the development of new ski
25、lls, resume-building experience, improved physical health, and the emotional rewards that come with others appreciating you and your efforts. Here are some types for you to join in local communities.Sports volunteeringYou dont need to be good at the sport in which you wish to volunteer. Some of the
26、most important characteristics include enthusiasm and interest. Your sports organisation should put you through any qualifications that you need to carry out your role. Most people volunteer on average two or three hours a week, but there are also opportunities to volunteer more or less often.Suppor
27、t the Red CrossRed Cross is an organization that helps with disaster relief, blood donations, and more. Being a Red Cross volunteer provides experience in the medical field and allows you to help those in need. The Red Cross responds to disasters nationwide and helps communities recover. It may be d
28、ifficult to see damaged communities, but you could have a part in assisting them to recover. In addition, you may meet new friends along the way.Organize a Summer Reading ProgramSummer reading programs are one way to keep childrens reading skills active and their mind fresh during the whole summer v
29、acation. Organizing a summer reading program is an excellent way to get kids to read a book, broaden their vocabulary, and learn something new. You can share your favorite books, offer prizes to children who meet their goals, and turn the program into a friendly competition, all while teaching child
30、ren the importance of reading.21What requirements do you need to meet if you want to volunteer for sports?ABe fond of sports.BFollow the fixed schedule.CHave past the qualification tests.DBe good at various kinds of sports.22The summer reading program can help kids to .Ashare their favorite booksBor
31、ganize book reading competitionsCreview what they have learned in schoolDenrich their reading experience in summer23What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo help manage the local community.BTo introduce the communities in need.CTo introduce different volunteer programs.DTo show the benefits of do
32、ing volunteer work.【答案】21A 22D 23C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章向读者推荐了在当地社区中几个适合加入的志愿者活动类型。21细节理解题。根据“Sports volunteering”部分中“You dont need to be good at the sport in which you wish to volunteer. Some of the most important characteristics include enthusiasm and interest. (你不需要擅长你想做志愿者的运动。一些最重要的特征包括热情和兴趣。)”可知，如果你想成
33、为体育志愿者，一些最重要的特征包括对运动充满热情和兴趣。故选A。22细节理解题。根据Organize a Summer Reading Program部分中“Organizing a summer reading program is an excellent way to get kids to read a book, broaden their vocabulary, and learn something new.(组织一个暑期阅读项目是让孩子们读书、扩大词汇量、学习新东西的好方法。)”可知，组织一个暑期阅读项目能够丰富他们的夏季阅读体验。故选D。23推理判断题。通读全文，向读者推荐了
34、在当地社区中几个适合加入的志愿者活动类型。文章的目的是介绍不同的志愿者项目。故选C。BInfluenced by her family, Xu started to learn the craft of making Chinese knots at home, but didnt expect the pastime to change her life at first. Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009, and has been d
35、evoted to developing the craft since then.As a fan of photography, she often took photos of dragonflies, butterflies and flowers around a lake not far from her home, then she made knots resembling them, and posted the photos on a website. That attracted the attention of some people.As an advertising
36、 design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.“Showing Chinese culture through trad
37、itional Chinese craftsthat is the original aspiration for me as an inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage,” says Xu. She has made more than 3,000 designs, and even opened two offline branch stores. Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, ce
38、llphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets peoples needs in daily life,” says Xu.Chen, an online follower, has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates. “Influenced by Xus work, I learn the craft to
39、 cultivate my temperament, and I also teach children to better understand Chinese culture,” says Chen. “Chinese culture is popular in the UAE, and I often make some knots with Chinese elements for local people as gifts.”Xu has also been generous in helping others. She taught this art to workers who
40、lost their jobs in her hometown, allowing them to master a skill from which they could earn an income. Students and people with disabilities were also beneficiaries. Indeed, more than 20 people with disabilities now actually work for her.Despite the success of her career, Xu says working on the craf
41、t has benefited her more in a spiritual way. “Tying knots requires concentration, and you must not be distracted during the process. It has trained me to deal with matters in a calm, peaceful and rational way,” says Xu. “I believe the life of one person is short, and you have the right to decide how
42、 to spend it.”24With the knowledge of design, Xu can _.Apost plenty of attractive photos on the websiteBdraw the Peking Opera characters more vividlyCmake many creative knots related to Chinese cultureDtake many professional photos of animals and flowers25What can we learn about Xu?AShe plans to ope
43、n more offline branch stores abroad.BShe designs products with a focus on peoples everyday needs.CShe is well-known for teaching how to make knots in the UAE.DShe wants to help disabled students improve their concentration.26According to the passage, which of the following words can best describe Xu
44、?AHonest and easy-going.BModest and strong-willed.CHumorous and hard-working.DInnovative and kind-hearted.27Which would be the best title for this passage?ATraditional Chinese Crafts Go GlobalBChinese Knot-making, a Skill Not to be IgnoredCTraditional Chinese Culture Becomes FashionableDChinese Knot
45、-making, a Chance for the Unemployed【答案】24C 25B 26D 27B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐，在家制作中国结，并根据自己拍摄的照片编制中国结获得大众喜爱，同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文化遗产继承人，帮助同乡的故事。24细节理解题。由文章第三段“As an advertising design major, she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design, and can use various threads to
46、make small, exquisite designs. She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。25细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句“Her prod
47、ucts include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls, car ornaments, cellphone chains and jewelry. “I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets peoples needs in daily life,” says Xu.”（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。26推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture, such as festivals, tea and Peking Opera characters.”（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人