1、2024年北京市高考英语模拟试卷（2）第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（2022秋北京丰台高三统考期中）The lead roleTravaris always loved singing and he landed the lead role in the school musical. He could barely wait to tell his parents the 1 . But when he made his
2、 announcement over dinner, they looked at each other and frowned (皱眉头). “You said the performance is in the week of November 13?” his dad asked. Travariss heart 2 . Of course, his older sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “Im sorry, but youll just have to tell them that you cant do it,”
3、his mom said. The next day at school, Travaris 3 to tell Ms. Phelps, the theater director, that she should give his part to someone else because he wouldnt be in town during the 4 . But all day he was flooded with 5 from his classmates for getting the lead role. He didnt have the heart to tell them
4、that it was all for 6 in the play. Travaris was still staying after school to practice his part, reading his lines, singing the songs, and even learning the dance numbers. But as the weeks went by, Travaris started to feel 7 . He knew that the longer he 8 dropping out of the play, the more he would
5、hurt the rest of the cast and crew. Finally, Travaris told Ms. Phelps how he couldnt be in the musical. Ms. Phelps thanked him for taking the whole 9 into account. “But dont forget to audition(试镜) again next year, and the chance is bound up with 10 . ”she added with a smile.1AlieBstoryCnewsDtruth2Aw
6、anderedBracedCfailedDsank3AplannedBpretendedCmanagedDforgot4AlessonBperformanceCpracticeDholiday5AcomplaintsBconcernsCcontributionsDcongratulations6AnothingBanythingCsomethingDeverything7AcourageousBdisappointedCguiltyDcurious8Aput offBgave upCdepended onDset about9AexperienceBsituationCconversation
7、Dargument10AbeliefBconfidenceCindependenceDresponsibility【答案】1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6A 7C 8A 9B 10A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Travaris在学校音乐剧中被选中担任主角，非常高兴，但是演出时间正赶上姐姐那天结婚，他不得不辞去主角的任务，由于虚荣心，他不想把不能参加演出的事情说出去，后来经过几周的心理斗争，他感到愧疚，终于告诉戏剧导演他不能参加这次音乐剧的故事。1考查名词词义辨析。句意：他迫不及待地想把这个消息告诉父母。A. lie谎话；B. story故事；C. news消息；D. truth事实。根据
8、语境和前文“he landed the lead role in the school musical”可知，Travaris在学校音乐剧中担任主角，他想把这个消息告诉父母。故选C项。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：Travaris的心一沉。A. wandered漫游；B. raced赛跑；C. failed失败；D. sank下沉。根据后文“Of course, his older sister was getting married in Hawaii that week. “Im sorry, but youll just have to tell them that you cant do
9、it,” his mom said.”可知，因为正好在演出那周他姐姐要在夏威夷结婚，时间冲突了，所以Travaris的心一沉。故选D项。3考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天在学校，Travaris打算告诉戏剧导演老师Phelps女士，她应该把他的角色给别人，因为演出期间他不会在城里。A. planned计划，打算；B. pretended假装；C. managed管理；D. forgot忘记。根据后文“that she should give his part to someone else because he wouldnt be in town during the 4”及“He didnt
10、 have the heart to tell them that it was all for 6 in the play.”可知，Travaris打算把这事告诉导演老师，但由于虚荣心，又不愿意说。故选A项。4考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lesson课；B. performance表演，演出；C. practice练习；D. holiday假期。根据前文分析并结合后文“she should give his part to someone else”可知，演出和姐姐结婚时间冲突了，所以演出期间Travaris不在城里，要去参加姐姐婚礼。故选B项。5考查名词词义辨析。句意：但一整天，他
11、都被同学们铺天盖地的祝贺声淹没了，因为他得到了主角。A. complaints抱怨；B. concerns关心；C. contributions贡献；D. congratulations祝贺。根据后文“for getting the lead role”可知，因为Travaris得到了主角，同学们都祝贺他。故选D项。6考查代词词义辨析。句意：他不忍心告诉他们这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。A. nothing什么都没有；B. anything任何事；C. something某事；D. everything每件事。根据前文“because he wouldnt be in town during th
12、e 4”可知，因为演出期间Travaris不会在城里，所以这出戏对他已是毫无意义了。故选A项。7考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但几周过去了，Travaris开始感到内疚。A. courageous有勇气的；B. disappointed失望的；C. guilt内疚的；D. curious好奇的。根据前文分析并结合前文“because he wouldnt be in town during the 4”可知，演出期间Travaris不在城里，他无法参加演出，但没有告诉导演，所以他感到内疚。故选C项。8考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他知道，他拖得越久，就越会伤害其他演员和工作人员。A. put off
13、推迟，拖；B. gave up放弃；C. depended on依靠；D. set about着手，开始。根据常识和后文“dropping out of the play, the more he would hurt the rest of the cast and crew”可知，如果Travaris不把实情告诉导演，拖得越久，就会更加伤害其他演员和工作人员。故选A项。9考查名词词义辨析。句意：Phelps女士感谢他考虑到了全局。A. experience经历；B. situation情况；C. conversation对话；D. argument争论。根据前文“Travaris told
14、 Ms. Phelps how he couldnt be in the musical.”可知，Travaris告诉导演，他不能出演这部音乐剧，导演感谢他考虑到了整个演出安排情况。故选B项。10考查名词词义辨析。句意：但别忘了明年再来试镜，机会与信念息息相关。A. belief信念；B. confidence自信；C. independence独立；D. responsibility责任。根据前文“Finally, Travaris told Ms. Phelps how he couldnt be in the musical.”可知，Travaris诚实地告诉导演实情，以便导演更好的安排
15、演出，而导演赞扬他顾全大局的诚实品质，答应明年再给他机会，并且说，“机会和他诚实的信念是相关的”。故选A项。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Cash is king, or so they say. In one form or another, human beings have been carrying around money for hundreds of years. Metal was first coined into cash b
16、etween 700 and 600 BC by the Lydians, and banknotes have been in circulation since 11 (they) first use in China around 1000 ADThese days, though, habits 12 (change). Modern technology means 13 while money is still widely used, its more likely to be a digital transaction than a wad of notes and a han
17、dful of shrapnel. If cash is king, then it may eventually be dethroned.【答案】11their 12have changed 13that【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了货币的演变。11考查代词。句意：公元前700年至600年间，吕底亚人首次将金属铸造成现金，而中国在公元1000年左右首次使用金属钞票，此后就开始流通。提示词作定语修饰名词use，用形容词性物主代词their，意为“它们的”。故填their。12考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，如今，习惯已经改变了。分析句子可知，change(改变)是句中谓语动词，与
18、主语habits之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语These days，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填have changed。13考查宾语从句。句意：现代科技意味着，虽然货币仍然被广泛使用，但它更有可能是一种数字交易，而不是一叠钞票和一把弹片。分析句子可知，“while money is still widely used, its more likely to be a digital transaction than a wad of notes and a handful of shrapnel.”是
19、动词means后宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用连接词that引导该从句。故填that。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean condit
20、ions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a
21、 bay.【答案】14competition 15have identified 16prevents【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。14考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词competition，意为“竞争”。故填competition。15考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语
22、动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填have identified。16考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词one)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时
23、主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Five Belgian firms plan to send a 3D 17 (print) artificial heart to the International Space Station by 2025 to better understand the effects of ageing and heart diseases in space. The device, which is only a few squa
24、re millimetres in size, 18 (use) ink made up of stem cells and biomaterials that can develop into any cell in the body. These cells organize themselves into a developing cardiac organoid(心脏类器官), 19 will work with the artificial circulatory system. The innovative technique would facilitate 20 (invest
25、igate) into heart diseases and trials of some potential medicines.【答案】17printed 18uses 19which 20investigations【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了五家比利时公司计划将一颗3D打印的人造心脏送入太空。17考查名词。句意：五家比利时公司计划在2025年前向国际空间站发射一颗3D打印的人造心脏，以更好地了解太空中衰老和心脏病的影响。print和空后的artificial heart之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作定语。故填printed。18考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该设备只有几平方毫
26、米大小，使用的墨水由干细胞和生物材料组成，可以发育成体内的任何细胞。根据上下文时态和句意可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。且主语The device为单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填uses。19考查定语从句。句意：这些细胞将自己组织成一个发育中的心脏类器官，它将与人工循环系统协同工作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词a developing cardiac organoid，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。20考查名词。句意：这项创新技术将有助于对心脏病的调查和一些潜在药物的试验。空处应用名词，和and后的trials一起作宾语。i
27、nvestigation意为“调查”，在这里为可数名词，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填investigations。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through
28、 sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good.To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).4-Week Learning SprintThe 4-Week Learning Sprint
29、, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topicspecific reflection task.The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to a
30、nyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sportbased project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.Requirements for the ApplicantsYou have successfully completed the 4-Wee
31、k Learning Sprint.You have completed your high school studies.You have at least one year of work experience.You have strong public speaking skills.You are self-motivated and committed.You are passionate about creating positive change in your community.You are open to being coached and advised by exp
32、erts and peers (同伴).You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.21In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will _.Acreate change in their communityBattend a virtual learning programmeCmeet people from different backgroundsDpromote the IOC Young Leaders project22If selected as an I
33、OC Young Leader, one will need to _.Acomplete a reflection task each weekBwatch sports on the IOC channelCwork on a sport-based projectDcoach and advise their peers23Which is a requirement for the applicants?ASpreading the message of sport for good.BHaving at least one-year work experience.CShowing
34、great passion for project planning.DCommitting themselves to becoming an expert.【答案】21B 22C 23B【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求。21细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be atte
35、nded live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. (为期4周的学习冲刺是一个虚拟学习计划，将于2023年11月进行。这些会议可以现场观看，也可以在IOC频道播出后观看)”可知，在为期四周的学习冲刺中，参与者将参加虚拟学习课程。故选B。22细节理解题。根据4-Week Learning Sprint部分中“After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a s
36、portbased project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader. (在成功完成为期4周的冲刺学习后，您需要提交一份以体育为基础的项目计划，如果您被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，您将参与其中)”可知，如果被选为国际奥委会青年领袖，需要做一个以运动为基础的项目。故选C。23细节理解题。根据Requirements for the Applicants部分中“You have at least one year of work experience. (你至少有一年的工作经验)”可知，对申请人的要求是至少一年工作经验
37、。故选B。BHave you ever seen a kid in class who wouldnt volunteer to read or answer a question? I was that type of student. Talking in class was a struggle for me because the fear of saying the wrong thing was always on my mind. There were constant announcements about students in our class winning writi
38、ng awards. It was a dream for me. I have always felt unsure of myself when writing. Semicolons confused me and I used too many commas. I had no idea how to cite anything. During my freshman year, the teacher would pick the best essay in our class to be read out loud, but mine was never chosen. I fou
39、nd it really hard to write an essay. One teacher Mr. Wilson, who taught me the next semester, changed everything. He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense. What really made him special t
40、o me was that every class he would pick someone to read their writing out loud to the class. In one of his lessons, he said: “I will not always pick the essay that I think has the best grammar or use of vocabulary. I will pick the one that I think has the most character.” This part was confusing tom
41、e because how can writing have character? He went on to explain: “I want to read something that I can tell the writer feel a lot while writing it. I want to feel the emotions you were going through as you wrote it.”A few weeks later, for the first time, my essay was chosen to be read to my classmate
42、s. I cant even remember what it was about, but I remember how nervous I was to see his reaction, mixed with pride at the fact that he felt like my work was worth sharing. He gave me his comments at the end of it, but I was too nervous to remember them. After class, he told me he was excited to read
43、more of my work. He made me feel special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. He made me believe in my writing abilities and gave me the confidence to continue writing.24Talking in class used to be difficult for the author because _.Ahe had never won any a
44、wards for speakingBhe didnt know how to answer questionsChe had no idea how to cite anythingDhe was afraid of making mistakes25According to the author, what made Mr. Wilson different from other teachers?AHis style of teaching.BHis love for students.CHis interest in writing.DHis passion for football.
45、26From the passage, we can know that _.AMr. Wilson preferred essays with good use of vocabularyBthe author remembered Mr. Wilsons comments very wellCMr. Wilson thought the authors passage was full of emotionsDthe author believed that his essay was worth sharing in the class27Which of the following w
46、ords can best describe Mr. Wilson?AKind and ambitious.BHonest and confident.CCreative and inspiring.DReliable and generous.【答案】24D 25A 26C 27C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了威尔逊先生特别的教学方式对作者的积极影响，他让作者觉得自己很特别，也克服了在课堂上分享的恐惧。24细节理解题。根据第一段“Talking in class was a struggle for me because the fear of saying the wrong th
47、ing was always on my mind.(在课堂上讲话对我来说是一场斗争，因为我总是担心说错话)”可知，在课堂上说话对作者来说曾经是困难的，因为他害怕犯错。故选D。25细节理解题。根据第三段“He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense.(他五十多岁，以其独特的教学风格而闻名。他把写作和阅读与足球联系在一起，但不知何故，这是有道理的)”和最后一段“He made me feel special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. (他带领课堂的方式让我感到特别，我克服了在课堂上分享作业的恐惧)”可知，根据作者的观点，威尔逊先生与其他老师的不同之处是他的教学风格。故选A。26细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I