1、2024年小升初英语语法知识点汇编讲义一般现在时一般现在时定义1表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Tom is tallTom长得很高。Those flowers are red那些花是红色的。2表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I usually get up at eight oclock我通常在八点起床。He lives in Beijing他住在北京。3表示客观真理。如：The earth goes around the sun地球绕着太阳转。 Summer comes after spring春去夏来。一般现在时的构成当谓语动词是be动词时，构成为：主语+be动词（am,is,are）+其
2、他。如：They are my friends他们是我的朋友。当主语是行为动词时，构成有两种：（1）主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他。如： We often go to the park at weekends我们经常在周末去公园。（2）主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。如：Tim usually plays basketball after schoolTim通常会在放学后打篮球。句型变换（难点）如何把陈述句改为一般疑问句？可以按照以下步骤：1在陈述句中寻找isamarecanwill这几个单词I am a studentShe is a beautiful girlH
3、e is a strong boyThey are cute dogsI can swim very wellI will go to Beijing this summer2若句子中出现isamarecanwill几个单词，就直接把这几个单词放到句子的最前面，后面句子照抄，注意大小写字母的变化，并把句点改为问号。I am a studentAre you a student?(I am 是特殊的，通常用Are you?进行提问)She is a beautiful girlIs she a beautiful girl ?He is a strong boy Is he a strong b
4、oy?They are cute dogs Are they cute dogs?I can swim very wellCan you swim very well?(句子中出现I，都要改成you)I will go to Beijing this summerWill you go to Beijing this summer?3若句子中没有出现以上几个单词，就要用助动词do does来进行提问，放在句子的最前面。a当句子的主语不是单数第三人称时，用do来提问，后面句子照抄，句子中的I变成you。I like dancing Do you like dancing?They have fi
5、ve carsDo they have five cars?（句子中主语I they 都不是单数第三人称，所以用do提问，放在句子最前面，有I 的地方改成you, 其他不变。）b当句子的主语是单数第三人称时，用助动词does来提问，后面句子照抄，但是注意动词必须改为原形。He likes playing basketballDoes he like playing basketball?The dog runs quickly Does the dog run quickly?His father goes to work by car Does his father go to work b
6、y car?句子中主语He The dog His father 都是单数第三人称，所以用does提问，放在句子最前面，动词必须改为原形。肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答We are friendsWe arent friendsAre you friends?Yes,we are/No,we arentI play football at six every dayI dont play footballat six every dayDo you play football at six every day?Yes, I do/No,I dontShe swims everydayShe do
7、esnt swim everydayDoes she swim everyday?Yes，she does/No,she doesnt一般现在时难点A如何判断句子中的主语是单数第三人称？一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如：1He likes cars他喜欢车。2She goes to school at seven她七点去上学。3It has a good name它有一个好名字。二、单个人名、亲朋好友等称呼作主语是第三人称单数。如：1Pat never throws rubbish on the floorPat从不在地板上扔垃圾。2Miss Wang waters the
8、 flowers once a day王老师给花一天浇水一次。3Aunt Mary usually makes cakes玛丽阿姨经常做蛋糕。4My mother washes the dishes everyday我妈妈每天都洗碗。B如何将动词改为第三人称单数形式？当句子中的主语是单数第三人称时，动词单数第三人称形式的变形规律如下：1大部分的动词+s, 如runruns, swimswims, hophops等2以ch, sh, o, x, s结尾的动词，必须+ es如：washwashes,teachteaches, watchwatches, catchcatchesdodoes, gogoes3以y结尾的动词，有两种情况a动词以y结尾，并且在y字母旁边含有a,e,i,o,u其中一个字母，动词直接+s如：playplays(动词中y旁边有a字母)；swayswaysb动词以y结尾，并且在y字母旁边不含有a,e,i,o,u其中一个字母，动词必须去掉y+ies如：flyflies, crycries, (动词中不含有元音字母)studystudies（动词中含有u, 但是不在y的旁边，必须去y+ies）