1、专题 5七选五常考题型题型考查年份关联知识点标题类选项2021全国甲卷2021浙江卷2020全国卷II篇章结构；空格类型和特点半句话类选项2018全国卷I半句话类型整句话类选项2021全国乙卷2020全国卷III涉及词汇、指代、句型重复等方法点拨考向一 标题类选项【典例】【2021全国甲卷七选五】Swap, Dont shop!You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesnt end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resou
2、rces（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-youre-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? _16_. Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score cl
3、othes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. Its really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.Invite 510 people so you have a nice selection._18_. They should al
4、so prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.Set a starting time.A. Less people than thatB. Hold a clothing swapC. If two people are competingD. Just keep music playing throughoutE. Donate whatever clothes are
5、left overF. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition【答案】G【解析】根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”准备袋子。G项“Tell everyone to bring
6、 clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring和下文中carry相对，都是为交换衣物所做的准备。下文中的also也是提示词，并且其中They指代G项的everyone。所以G项符合语境。故选G项。【思路点拨】1. 判断篇章结构整体观察篇章，会发现其结构式典型的总分结构，第一段总结，后面几段都是分类讲解。You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesnt end with bottles, cans, and paper.自问
7、自答形式引入话题。2. 判断空格类型和特点(1) 空格前有原点。根据前后段落的原点，可以判断此类题型是标题类。(2) 判断标题类型。根据前后段落的原点：Invite 510 people so you have a nice selection.和Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.会发现两个特点：a. 动词原形开头b. 长短不一3. 根据空格类型和特点，寻找对应的答案(1) 动词原形开头的答案是B，E，F，G四个选项。(2) 选项确定关键词：B. Hold a clothing swapE. Do
8、nate whatever clothes are left overF. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition4. 根据空格后内容关键词确定答案空格后内容关键词：They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.观察后面的句子，后句开头是指代词“they”，那说明标题应该有they的具体指代，这样排除B
9、, E选项，在根据后面also和carry一词，同义应该是bring。故确定答案G。5. 验证答案把G选项带入，看看意思和逻辑是否通顺。通顺即准确答案。告诉大家把干净的衣服完好地带来，他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把“新”衣服带回家。意思和逻辑合情合理，即准确答案。考向二 半句话类选项【典例】【2018全国卷I七选五】Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the
10、 first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever youre looking f
11、orC. If youre experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones
12、 in two major ways【答案】B【解析】上文提到，Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?你想要一间充满活力的房间吗？职业化的？还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？可知，接下来将是对上文的总结，无论你找什么样的房间，颜色是关键。且选项B中的looking for和上文的want和looking for相呼应。【思路点拨】1. 判断是半句话类型根据空格后面的逗号，可以判断是半句话类型的题型。
13、2. 判断选项中哪些是半句话半句话就不是一个句子，它可以是从句，非谓语短语，介词短语的结构。所以选项中只有A，B，C是半句话类，这样可以确定36空格答案就在A，B，C三个选项中。A. While all of them are useful（时间状语从句）B. Whatever youre looking for（让步状语从句）C. If youre experimenting with a color（条件状语从句）3. 根据空格前后确定答案空格前后Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just loo
14、king for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.A选项中them和空格前面的三个问句不相符合，并且与前面的问句a place不符合，排除。color is the key to making a room和B选项很吻合，无论你想要什么，颜色都是最重要的。C选项中很明显与后半句没办法衔接。故选B4. 验证答案把B选项带入，看看前后是否通顺，符合逻辑。验证答案是很重要的一步，它很容易能检测出来所选答案是否准确。考向三
15、 整句话类选项技巧一：词汇重复【典例】【2018全国卷II七选五】If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit. Your productivity is improved. Exercisin
16、g makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quali
17、ty of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly,
18、 or youre doing it now, then listen up!【答案】F【解析】38题的上一句说的是，晨练有利于新陈代谢，下一句说的是晨练能帮助消耗卡路里，因此F句“锻炼后，这一天里你将继续消耗卡路里”符合逻辑，因此选F。【思路点拨】 Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep
19、.A. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.词汇对应：1. calorie (卡路里)对应calories2. in the mornings和for the whole day对应throughout the day技巧二：指代重复【典例】【2019全国卷I七选五】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower b
20、lood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情绪）. Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So w
21、hat are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers h
22、ave begun building Healing Gardens.【答案】C【解析】从本段的in these places一直到此空前，作者描述了接近大自然的患者康复更快，再结合此空后“这给了我们平和宁静”可知，此处应为总结句，描述大自然的作用，因此选C。【思路点拨】Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky inst
23、ead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.思路步骤一：根据空格后it和us可以确定空格应该是单数可数名词或不可数名词为主语，后应该是和我们有关。那么可以锁定选项A和CA. Fresh air cleans our lungs.C. Being in nature refreshes us.思路步骤二：根据空格前内容tree branches和buildings or sky，可知是自然环境带给人的好处，故选C思路步骤三：将选项C带入验证，可知是正确的。技巧三：句型重复【典例】【2019全国卷III七选五】DontsDont share perso
24、nal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 A. Thats what they are for.B. Turn to an online instructor for help.C. If more information is neede
25、d, they will ask.D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E. Below are some common dos and don ts for online learners.F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.【答案】C【解析】根据上一句if you are in need o
26、f the professor可知，如果你想延长截止日期，简明地向教授说明情况即可。通过以上推断，如果想了解更多信息，他们会问你，即选项C符合语境。【思路点拨】If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 思路步骤一：根据空格前的句型，if+祈使句。看选项，C正好也是此句型。C. If more information is needed, they will ask.思路步骤二：将选项C带入验证，可知逻辑和意思表达正好衔接，所以是正确选项。技巧四：问句
27、回答【典例】【2019全国卷I七选五】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”. 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being
28、 in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Garde
29、ns.【答案】E【解析】根据本段第一句话“人们总是让我们出去呼吸新鲜空气”和空格后一句“回答是肯定的”可知此处应填入一个一般疑问句，即“新鲜空气果真如妈妈总说的那样好吗？”【思路点拨】We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”. 36 According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.思路步骤一：根据空格后关键词，the answer is
30、a big YES，可知，空格处用填一般疑问句。疑问句选项B，E，只有E是一般疑问句。B. So what are you waiting for?E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?思路步骤二：将选项E带入验证，可知逻辑和意思表达正好衔接，所以是正确选项。技巧五：逻辑关系【典例】【2016全国卷III七选五】Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people dont cook fish
31、 at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult.A. Do not buy it.B. The easiest is to steam it.C. This is how you can do it.D. It just requires a little knowledge.
32、E. The fish will go bad within hours.F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.【答案】G【解析】第一句“Everyone knows that fish is good for health.”是总写，But是转折，说明前面一句是对第一句的解释，G项“鱼中的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”符合语境。故选G。【思路点拨】逻辑关系包括：并列，递进，因果，转折等等。Everyone knows th
33、at fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.思路步骤一：根据空格后转折词but，many people dont cook fish at home，可知，空格处应该需要填写鱼的好处，或者家里需要做鱼。可知只有B和G合适。B. The easiest is to steam it.G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.思路步骤二：将选项B和G带入验证，可知逻辑和意思表达其实都是可以的，这
34、时就要考虑到是否有其他选项更适合B或G。思路步骤三： 38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 39 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, bu
35、t fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minu
36、tes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, its ready to serve.这时会发现，40空更适合选项B，故36题选G。试题汇编山东省临沂市高三4月一模Life in Death ValleyDeath Valley is a huge place, extending more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of California into the neighboring state of Nevada. As b
37、eautiful as this place is, its name provides evidence of very real danger._1_It has nearly 1.4 million hectares of desert and mountains that reach more than 3,000 meters into the sky. Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can cause sudden floods on th
38、e floor of the valley. But, during summer months, the air temperature has been as high as 57 degrees Celsius. _2_ The extreme heat of Death Valley has once killed people.In many areas of Death Valley, it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This
39、 has created unusual and beautiful rock formations, with colors of red, brown, gray, yellow and black. In other parts of Death Valley, there are lines in the rock. The lines are evidence of the past presence of water. _3_.Much of Death Valley is flat and extremely dry. In some areas the ground is no
40、thing but salt. However, it would be wrong to think that nothing lives in Death Valley. _4_ Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain. Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley. Visitors might see the dog-1ike animal called the coyote, or wild bighorn sheep, or other animals
41、like the desert tortoise. Throughout history, Native Americans found ways to survive in Death Valley. Rock art and other remains show that humans lived in the valley as far back as 9, 000 years ago. Nowadays, more than one million people visit it each year. _5_ The sun slowly turns the valley a gold
42、 color that deepens to a soft brown, then changes to a dark red. As night comes, the mountains turn a dark purple color, then black.A. The valley is full of life.B. The setting sun is visitors favorite.C. Images here seem to change each minute.D. Death Valley, is a place of strange and silent beauty
43、.E. Death Valley doesnt forgive those who are not careful.F. Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes.G. The area was deep under an ocean for many thousands of years.辽宁省辽阳市2020届高三一模考试How Not to Annoy Wild Animals at National ParksNational parks are a treasure that offer the chance
44、to view native plants and animals in their natural habitat. However, as the number of visitors and wildlife populations increases, humans and animals too often find themselves in close distance. _1_Remember that the animals living in national parks are wild. Wild animals can be unpredictable and in
45、national parks and many state parks, they are not contained. _2_ Never think that it is safe to approach them._3_ Stop by the visitors center and take the time to read about the types of wildlife in the park and what to expect. The park service posts these signs to protect you and the wildlife. So,
46、if you see the warning signs, take care.Make sure you give animals space. The general rule is to keep 25 yards away from all wildlife, and a minimum of 100 yards away from wolves and bears. _4_ If youre out hiking and you encounter wildlife, stick your thumb out and hold it out at eye level. If your
47、 thumb covers the entire animal, youre a safe distance away from that animal.Some wild animals look adorable and maybe you think handing them a snack or two wont hurt. _5_ Feeding wildlife is a bad idea and you risk getting a bite. Plus people food is not healthy for animals and it makes them learn that people arent the threat. This becomes a vicious cycle (恶性循环) that results in people getting too close and getting hurt. Wildlife have all they need to eat in their environment.